動 詞 不 定 式
不定式：to + 動詞原形
動詞不定式的基本形式是“to + 動詞原形”，有時(shí)可以不帶to。動詞不定式(或不定式短語)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。動詞不定式仍可保留動詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等
動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句子中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語：
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注：作主語用的動詞不定式常常為it替代，動詞不定式(或短語)放在后面。例如：
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
It took us three days to do the work.
動詞不定式的否定形式由“not+動詞不定式”構(gòu)成. 如:
Tell him not to be late.
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.
4) 不定式省去to的情況: 在感官動詞see，watch，look at，hear， listen to，feel和使役動詞make，have，let等所接的賓語中(不定式做賓語不足語)，不定式應(yīng)省去to。但是在被動語態(tài)中不能省。如：
Let me listen to you sing the song.
He watched his son play computer games.
I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.
The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to work the whole night.
5) 動詞不定式和疑問詞連用
動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what ,which, how, where, when 等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。如：
The question is when to start.
I don’t know where to go .
He showed me how to use a computer.
What to do is a big problem.
例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松!
翻譯下列句子，說出句中不定式的作用：
1. To grow plants is very important.
2. It is so nice to hear your voice.
3. My dream is to be a pilot.
4. He began to read and write at the age of five.
5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.
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