在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，分詞是一個(gè)相當(dāng)重要的語法內(nèi)容。作為非謂語動(dòng)詞，它也是高考年年必考的"重頭戲"。但是從學(xué)生的答題情況來看，結(jié)果卻不容樂觀。分詞應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：
1.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別
Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?
= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?
The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.
= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.
China is a developing country and America is a developed country.
2.分詞作表語
The news sounds encouraging.
They got very excited.
1)現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別：
The news is interesting. (表示主語的性質(zhì)特征)
He is interested in the news. (表示主語的心理狀態(tài))
doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關(guān)系 ;done 作表語，主語與表語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
2)表語與被動(dòng)式的區(qū)別：
The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)
The blackboard is broken. You’d better have it repaired.(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))
3)常作表語的過去分詞：
amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done
3.現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)名詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
The situation in our country is encouraging. (表語)
The situation in our country is encouraging the people. ( 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))
My job is looking after the little baby. (動(dòng)名詞)
能回答how-question 的是現(xiàn)在分詞，能回答what-question 的動(dòng)名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.
What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.
4.注意的四種結(jié)構(gòu)：
have something to do 有某事要做
have something done 使某事被做
have somebody do something 使某人做某事
have something doing 讓某事一直做著
5.需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞：
seat , prepare , hide , dress
如：I seated myself on the chair.
I was seated on the chair
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