2013高考英語主語從句典型易錯陷阱題

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    _________ with the right knowledge can give first aid.
    A. Who          B. Whoever       C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    【分析】此題容易誤選B,主要受以下這類句子的影響而形成思維定勢:
    Whoever says that is lying. 誰那樣說,誰就是在說謊。
    Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 違反本法者應(yīng)予以罰款。
    Whoever comes first can get a ticket free. 誰先來誰就可以免費(fèi)得到一張票。
    以上各例中的 whoever 引導(dǎo)的均為主語從句,它們均可換成 anyone who,但不能換成 anyone。上面的試題從表面上看,與以上各例很相似,其實(shí)有本質(zhì)的不同,即 _________ with the right knowledge 中沒有謂語動詞,所以我們不能選 whoever。此題的正確答案為C,anyone 為句子主語,with the right knowledge 為修飾 anyone 的定語。請做以下試題:
    (1) _________ with a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (2) _________ has a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (3) _________ having a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (4) _________ seen smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (5) _________ is seen smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (6) _________ smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (7) _________ smokes here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    第(1)題選C,介詞短語with a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語;
    第(2)題選B,whoever has a good education 為主語從句;
    第(3)題選C,現(xiàn)在分詞短語having a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語;
    第(4)題選C,過去分詞短語seen smoking here 為修飾 anyone 的定語(可視為 anyone who is seen smoking here 之省略);
    第(5)題選B,whoever is seen smoking here 為主語從句;
    第(6)題選C,現(xiàn)在分詞短語smoking here 為修飾anyone 的定語;
    第(7)題B,whoever smokes here 為主語從句。
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