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2016考研英語(yǔ)閱讀：中國(guó)小米也正在改變美國(guó)
Xiaomi is the most important phone manufactureryou've never heard of.In the rich world, dominatedby Apple and Samsung and where even fadingbrands such as Nokia and Blackberry remain familiar,Xiaomi (pronounced like the "show-" in shower,plus "me") is still largely unknown.
小米是你從沒(méi)聽說(shuō)過(guò)的最重要的手機(jī)生產(chǎn)商。在這個(gè)紛繁的手機(jī)世界，蘋果和三星處于主導(dǎo)地位，一些已經(jīng)淡出市場(chǎng)的品牌例如諾基亞和黑莓還依舊為大家熟知。而小米(發(fā)音聽起來(lái)像“shower”一次中的“show-”再加上一個(gè)“me”)仍然沒(méi)有什么知名度。
Yet this firm, only 5 years old, has already become a formidable supplier of smartphones in itshome market of China (the world's largest), and has begun a remarkably successful campaignof international expansion.
這個(gè)公司建立至今只有短短五年，卻已經(jīng)在中國(guó)的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)(世界最大的市場(chǎng))上成為了實(shí)力最輕的智能手機(jī)供應(yīng)商，并且開始引領(lǐng)一場(chǎng)非常成功的國(guó)際擴(kuò)張運(yùn)動(dòng)。
As the firm gets ready to announce its newest model, the Mi5, next week, it is worth tuning in,because more than any company other than Apple, Xiaomi will show us where smartphones --which is to say the mobile, networked computers we all have in our pockets -- are goingworldwide.
小米公司已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好下周要公開他最新的設(shè)計(jì)模型Mi5，這款手機(jī)非常值得入手，因?yàn)樾∶滓呀?jīng)超越了除蘋果以外的任何公司，將要向我們展示智能手機(jī)的國(guó)際化，而智能手機(jī)如今已經(jīng)可以說(shuō)是人們都有的放在衣服口袋里的移動(dòng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)電腦。
China and the United States are the two most important economic powers in the world, andthat goes double for technology.
中國(guó)和美國(guó)是世界上最重要的兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，而兩國(guó)在科技上的重要性則是兩倍于經(jīng)濟(jì)的。
For three decades, that relationship could be summed up as "invented here, produced there." (The iPhone box may say "Designed in California," but it is made in Shenzhen, China.) Xiaomi isone indicator among many that that relationship is over. Its phones are well-designed andcheap, and, more importantly, the firm has been engineered to rely on the Internet, allowing itto build one of the leanest manufacturing and sales operations the world has ever seen.
三十年來(lái)，手機(jī)生產(chǎn)中的關(guān)系可以被總結(jié)為“這兒發(fā)明，那兒生產(chǎn)”。(蘋果手機(jī)可以說(shuō)是“在加利福尼亞設(shè)計(jì)的”但是它確實(shí)在中國(guó)深圳生產(chǎn)的。)小米的發(fā)展則是眾多信號(hào)中的一個(gè)，預(yù)示著這種關(guān)系的結(jié)束。小米的手機(jī)物美價(jià)廉，而且更重要的是，小米公司旨在依靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，這讓它可以建立起最可靠的生產(chǎn)和銷售體制讓世界都看得見。
In a half decade, Xiaomi has gone from a startup focused on making a new mobile phoneinterface to beating Samsung as the No. 1 phone vendor in the largest market in the world lastyear.
在五年的時(shí)間里，小米從一個(gè)最初只專注于設(shè)計(jì)出一種新的手機(jī)界面到去年打敗了三星成為全球最大市場(chǎng)的手機(jī)供應(yīng)商。
Xiaomi's products are so popular in China that it has become the third largest ecommerce firmthere, just selling its own products. As 2014 closed, the company was valued at $45 billion, anincrease in value of something like 18,000% since its first round of fund-raising. It is, by severalmetrics, the most valuable startup ever.
小米的產(chǎn)品在中國(guó)風(fēng)靡到它在中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為了第三大的電子商務(wù)公司，只是通過(guò)銷售自己生產(chǎn)的商品。2014年尾，小米公司估值已達(dá)到450億美元，這個(gè)數(shù)字相較于它剛剛開始籌資的時(shí)候基本上是增加了18000%。從好幾個(gè)指標(biāo)來(lái)看，小米已經(jīng)是目前最有價(jià)值的新興公司。。
Xiaomi is widely referred to as the "Chinese Apple," a phrase that carries both a sense of aweat its design prowess and derision at its habits as a design copycat. Both reactions arewarranted -- some of their phones look like little else on the market (the Mi3), while others arealmost-copies of iPhones (the Mi4).
很多人認(rèn)為小米就是“中國(guó)的蘋果”，這個(gè)名頭既帶著對(duì)小米高超設(shè)計(jì)的一絲驚異，也有一種覺得小米習(xí)慣性山寨別人設(shè)計(jì)的嘲弄。這兩種反應(yīng)都是有依可循的——小米有的手機(jī)確實(shí)很少有看起來(lái)不一樣的(Mi3),別的都基本是高度模仿蘋果手機(jī)(Mi4)。
The firm was founded in Beijing in 2010 by Lei Jun, a computer scientist and charismatic serialentrepreneur now in his mid-40s, who is predictably, often compared to Steve Jobs, both forhis energy and brilliance, and for his Jobsian taste in clothes and product launches.
這個(gè)公司是雷軍2010年在北京建立的。雷軍是個(gè)電腦科學(xué)家，現(xiàn)在又是一個(gè)45歲左右的有能力的企業(yè)家。他總是無(wú)可避免地被拿來(lái)與喬布斯進(jìn)行比較，既是因?yàn)樗木吐敾?，也是因?yàn)樗麊滩妓故降囊轮肺逗彤a(chǎn)品推出。
Xiaomi's importance, though, is about more than just its growth. It's about how it grew. Thecompany was designed, from the beginning, to assume that both social media and ecommercewere normal. The rapid and enormous success came about largely because these tools allowedthe firm to do everything backward.
雖然小米如今舉足輕重的地位不只是和他的發(fā)展有關(guān)，也和如何發(fā)展有關(guān)。從一開始，這個(gè)公司就是在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)和電子商務(wù)都成為常態(tài)的假設(shè)下進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的。這種快速且巨大的成功還要?dú)w功于這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具的普及，這讓小米公司能站穩(wěn)腳跟盡情伸展拳腳。
Xiaomi's coming expansion will be its real legacy. Mobile phones are the most broadly desiredcategory of complex goods in the world, beating out their only rivals -- cars and televisions --by a mile. The mobile phone is also the near-universal source of connectivity for most of theworld's population, increasingly the gateway to every form of communications other than faceto face, to every form of content other than karaoke, and to every form of commerce otherthan haggling.
小米即將實(shí)現(xiàn)的擴(kuò)張將會(huì)成為它真正的財(cái)富。手機(jī)是全世界需求量最大的一類復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品，甩開競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手汽車和電視好幾條街。對(duì)于大多數(shù)世界人口來(lái)說(shuō)，手機(jī)更是覆蓋性占領(lǐng)了所有和外界交流的渠道。逐漸覆蓋了除面對(duì)面以外所有交流方式，除了卡拉OK以外所有交流內(nèi)容，除了講價(jià)以外所有買賣形式。
Though Apple invented the iPhone, and Samsung spread smartphones, it's Xiaomi that showedthe world how to create a defensible market between luxurious and crappy, and to scale up tomeet the rising demand of the rapidly expanding middle class in Nigeria, Indonesia, Brazil,Mexico, India, cumulatively the world's biggest market by far.
雖然蘋果發(fā)明了iPhone，三星推廣了智能手機(jī)，但卻是小米告訴了全世界如何創(chuàng)造一種介于奢侈品和地?cái)傌浿g的堅(jiān)韌的市場(chǎng)和如何加大規(guī)模來(lái)滿足尼日利亞、印度尼西亞、巴西、墨西哥和印度的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)不斷增加的需求，而這個(gè)市場(chǎng)正在不斷擴(kuò)大，不久就會(huì)逐漸成為世界上最大的市場(chǎng)。
There are opportunities for the United States here since good, cheap products benefit U.S.consumers, too. There is also competitive risk, as always. But the biggest threat Xiaomi posesis for companies that don't take it seriously.
現(xiàn)在小米抓住了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)槲锩纼r(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品也能造福美國(guó)的消費(fèi)者。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)一如往常，但是越是不把小米當(dāng)一回事的公司越是面臨來(lái)自小米的巨大威脅。
Xiaomi marks the end of China as a pure importer of products designed elsewhere. It was oneof the first companies to adopt the new methods that are making China a center of innovationin design, electronic commerce and services. Xiaomi introduces a new risk in that relationship -- not a risk that Chinese firms will copy too much from the United States, but that the Americanfirms will copy too little from China.
小米的發(fā)展標(biāo)志著中國(guó)不再單純是外國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)口國(guó)了。它是第一批采用新方法讓中國(guó)成為設(shè)計(jì)、電子上午和服務(wù)行業(yè)的創(chuàng)新中心的公司之一。小米給中美公司之間的關(guān)系中帶來(lái)了新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)——這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并不是在于中國(guó)公司會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在大肆抄襲美國(guó)公司，而是美國(guó)公司將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們從中國(guó)公司借鑒的太少了。
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