云南大理蒼山洱海導游詞導游詞
篇一
大家好!游覽了大理古城，初步感受了此地人文景觀的深邃;現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)ビ^賞蒼山洱海，領略大理的山水之美。
首先，我們乘游艇去洱海公園。洱海公園又名團山公園，位于下關城區(qū)東北2公里處的團山。它北臨碧波萬頃的洱海，西與蒼山南端的斜陽峰相對。南詔國時，這里是國王的鹿苑。1976年這里新辟為公園，占地1600余畝。山上有動物園和苗圃花壇，廣植大理地區(qū)的各種名花異卉，是一個很好的休憩游覽之地。
現(xiàn)在游船已到洱海公園臨海長堤，我們離船上岸，這是團山腳下的濱海游覽區(qū)沿著270多級石階拾級而上，我們到達山頂。大家看，這翹角飛檐的樓閣是望海樓，檐下懸匾，上書：玉洱銀蒼”，黑底金字，蒼勁古雅，它是中國慕名畫家吳作人的手筆。望海樓是領略“玉洱銀蒼”的佳境，憑欄遠眺：東邊洱海浩瀚，一碧萬頃，西邊蒼山綿延，莽莽蒼蒼。
各位朋友，讓我們再次登船，到洱海中去遨游。但我先要向大家介紹是卻是蒼山。先前，我們在大理城，在蒼山腳下的公路上，沒能很好地端詳蒼山雄姿。正如古人所說“不識廬山真面目，只緣身在此山中”;在洱海公園望海樓，視角偏斜，也只能看到蒼山末端?，F(xiàn)在，隨著游船不斷前行，我們眼中的蒼山是不是更真切些?有人說，橫斷山脈像一只巨臂，從“世界屋脊”西藏高原向南伸到了云南西部，蒼山就是這支世界著名山脈中云嶺的一個分支。
蒼山，又名點蒼山，因其山色蒼翠，山頂點白而得名。蒼山共有十九峰。這十九峰從北至南的順序是：云弄、滄浪、五臺、蓮花、白云、鶴云、三陽、蘭峰、雪人、應樂、觀音、中和、龍泉、玉局、馬龍、圣應、佛頂、馬耳、斜陽。十九峰中，馬龍峰最高，海拔4122米。蒼山十九峰，兩峰夾一溪，一共十八溪;溪水東流、注入洱海，十八溪由北向南，基排列為：霞移、萬花、陽溪、芒涌、錦溪、靈泉、白石、雙鴛、隱仙、梅溪、桃溪、中溪、綠玉、龍溪、清碧、莫殘、葶蓂、陽南。
蒼山景色以雪、云、泉石而著稱。我先向大家介紹蒼山的雪。經(jīng)夏不消的蒼山雪，是大理“風花雪月”四大名景之最。皚皚蒼山雪，歷代文墨客贊辭頗多， 民間傳說也不少。明代文學家李元陽曾贊美：“日麗蒼山雪，瑤臺十九峰”。
蒼山的云更是名傳遐邇。云聚云散，有時淡如輕煙，有時濃如潑墨。在變幻多姿的云景中，最神奇的是“望夫云”和“玉帶云”。所謂“望夫云”是指每當冬春時節(jié)，蒼山玉局峰頂常會出現(xiàn)一朵孤單的云，忽志忽落，上下飄動，若盼若顧。奇特之處在于它一出現(xiàn)，點蒼山便驟起暴風，刮向洱海。所謂“玉帶云”，是指每當夏末秋初，雨后初晴，蒼山十九峰半山間往往會出現(xiàn)白云朵朵，云朵聚匯，慢慢拉開，宛若潔白的玉帶橫束蒼翠的山腰。綿延數(shù)十里，竟日不消散。奇妙的是，“玉帶云”會預兆農(nóng)業(yè)豐收：它出現(xiàn)次數(shù)多，當年就風調(diào)雨順。當?shù)匕鬃逵修r(nóng)諺：“蒼山系玉帶，餓狗吃白米”。
蒼山的泉也很有名。十九峰中海拔在3800米以上的峰頂有不少高山冰磧湖泊，這是第四紀冰川留下來的。還有那十八溪的溪水，飛瀑疊泉，四季奔瀉，在清純甘甜泉水的滋養(yǎng)下，蒼山充滿生機。冰磧湖畔，密布著原始森林和許多珍奇林木、奇異花卉，特別應告訴大家的是，蒼山的花卉早就芳名遠播，而且它還使蒼山名揚四海。美國教授羅·蘭開斯特曾說：“在美國有100多萬知道中國云南的大理蒼山，因為他們都種有許多美麗的大理蒼山的杜鵑花。”
蒼山的石，馳名中外。郭沫若有《詠大理石》詩：“三塔矜高古，順思貞觀年。蒼山韻風月，奇石吐云煙。相在心胸外，涼生肘腋間。天功人力代，海外競珍傳。”
蒼山孕育了大理石，大理石就是蒼山的魂。這種瑰麗的奇石，世界許多地方都有，獨大理的最奇美，且開民得早，因此，全世界凡此奇石均稱為“大理石”，“大理”也因石而名揚天下。
各位朋友，我們的游船正在前行，現(xiàn)在應該向大家介紹這碧波萬頃的洱海本身了。
洱海，古稱昆明池、洱河、葉榆澤等;因其狀似人耳，故名洱海。它南北長42公里，東西寬3-9公里，湖岸線長117公里，面積250多平方公里;平均水深10.5米，最深21.5米，蓄水量28.8億立方米，面積與蓄水量均列云南湖泊第二，在全國淡水湖中居第七位。
洱海南有彌苴河等注入，西納蒼山十八溪水，東匯波羅江、挖色河、南面的西洱河是惟一出海口，經(jīng)漾濞紅繞入瀾滄江。洱海屬構(gòu)造湖，湖岸東西多崖壁，北西南三面為沙洲。
大家看，洱海水深清澈，宛若無瑕的美玉，秀麗無比，它正以廣闊的胸懷歡迎各位來自遠方的賓朋。洱海是中國著名的高原湖泊，早在漢代它已名載史冊。
“洱海月”是大理四大名景之一。如果在農(nóng)歷十五月明之夜泛舟洱海，其月格外的亮、格外的圓，其景令人心醉：水中，月圓如輪，浮光搖金;天空，玉鏡高懸，清輝燦燦，從洱海中浴出?？粗粗?，水天輝映，你竟分不清是天月掉海，還是海月升天。洱海月為什么如此明亮?科學的結(jié)論是：一、洱海水質(zhì)特別純凈，透明度相當高，其反光極強;二、洱海海面塵埃較少，空氣清新，使得水天相映，月光更加明亮。此外，洱海月之著名，還在于潔白無瑕的蒼山雪倒映在洱海中，與冰清玉潔的洱海月交相輝映，構(gòu)成銀蒼玉洱的一大奇觀。
與蒼山雪、洱海月相連的大理四大名景還有上關花、下關風。洱海和蒼山之間的壩子，是一個狹長形的沖積平原。南詔國時，在這一狹長地帶北南兩邊各筑一座小城，扼守要沖，保衛(wèi)王都的安全。北邊的稱龍首關，又稱上關;南邊的稱龍尾關，即今下關。所謂上關花，是指上關“十里香奇樹”，此花原在上關沙坪街的和山寺內(nèi)，其花大如蓮，年開數(shù)百朵，香氣溢四方，花開時節(jié)，觀者如云。又因此樹結(jié)果殼堅，可做朝珠，故花又稱“朝珠花”。后來，此花絕跡了。前些年，據(jù)說有人在蒼山森林中又找到了它。下關風指西洱河谷吹入下關的風，終年不止，尤以冬春為盛，你一進入下關就可以感到下關風的存在。它幾乎每天都以怒號，掃街穿巷，撩衣揭帽，使下關了得到了“風城”的雅號。
大理的風花雪月四大名景，有小詩一首將其串在一起，便于記憶，亦頗有情趣：下關風，上關花，下關風吹上關花;蒼山雪，洱海月，洱海月照蒼山雪。說到這里，請各位看一看我們白族姑娘的繡花包頭。你可別小看它，它體現(xiàn)了大理四大名景。請看：微風吹來，耳邊雪白的纓穗隨風飄飄灑灑，顯現(xiàn)了下關的風;包頭上絢麗多彩的花朵，代表了上關的花;頂端這白茸茸的絲頭，遠遠看去就像蒼山的雪;整個包頭的形狀就如洱海上的彎月一樣的明麗動人。
篇二
Fellow friends:
Hello! Toured theDali old city, initially has feltthis humanities landscape profoundness; Now we watch the CangshanErhai, understands the Dali's America of scenery.
First, we ride the yacht to go to the Erhai park. The Erhai park othername group mountain park, is l ocated the Hsiakuan city northeast 2kilometers place groups mountains. North it near ocean waves Wan QingErhai, west and Cangshan SouthEnd setting sun peak relative. WhenNanzhao country, here is king's deer park. In 1976 here newly wardedoff for the park, Occupiesdi 1,600 Chinese acres. On the mountain has thezoo and the plant nursery flower-bed, broadly plants the Daliareaeach kind of precious flower different plant, is very good rests placeof the tour.
Now the pleasure boat to the Erhai park near the sea causeway, we cameashore to the ship, this is under the group foot of a hill Binhai tourarea along 270 multistage stone steps AscendsLevel on, we arrive the summit.Everybody looked that, this Curls upwardsAngle upturned eave pavilion is looks thesea building, the eave hangs from above the plaque, submits a writtenstatement: Jade Er silver dark green ", the black bottom goldcharacter, vigorous is classically elegant, it is the Chinese inadmiration of somebody's fame painter Wu Zuoren's writing skill. Looksthe sea building is understands "the jade Er silver dark green"happiest extent, leans against a railing looks out into the distance:East side Erhai vast, boundless, west Cangshan is continuous,luxuriant is gray.
Fellow friends, let us go on board once more, roams through to Erhaiin. But I first must to everybody introduction be actually amCangshan. Formerly, we in the Dali city, under on the dark green footof a hill road, have not been able to look at carefully the Cangshangrand appearance well. Just like the ancient said "does not know thetruth about the matter, only reason body in this mountain"; Looks thesea building in the Erhai park, the angle of view Inclines, also onlycan see the Cangshan terminal. Now, unceasingly leads the way alongwith the pleasure boat, in our eye Cangshan is not clearer? Somepeople said that, a Hengduan pulse condition great arm, the Tibetplateau extended west Yunnan from "the roof of the world" to thesouth, Cangshan was in this world famous sierra a cloud range branch.
Cangshan, also names the Diancang, is green because of its mountaincolor, the mountain apex acquires fame in vain. Cangshan altogetherhas 19 peaks. This 19 peaks from the north to the south order are: Thecloud makes, green, five, the lotus flower, the white clouds, thecrane cloud, three positive, the blue peak, the snowman, should behappy, the Goddess of Mercy, center and, Longquan, the jade bureau,Malone, the saint should, Buddha go against, Ma Er, the setting sun.In 19 peaks, the Malone peak is highest, elevation 4,122 meters. TheCangshan 19 peaks, two peaks clamp a brook, altogether 18 brooks; Eastthe mountain stream flows, pours into Erhai, 18 brooks from north tosouth, the base arrangement is: South the rosy cloud moves, Wan Hua,the positive brook, the awn wells up, the brocade brook, the spiritspring, the white stone, the double mandarin duck, hides the immortal,Mei Xi, the peach brook, center the brook, the emerald, Longxi, clearblue, remnant, Pavilion mouth, is not positive.
The Cangshan scenery by the snow, the cloud, SpringStone is famous. I firstintroduce Cangshan to everybody the snow. After the summer needlessCangshan snow, is Dali "the love affair" four given names scenery. Thesnow white Cangshan snow, all previous dynasties article literatiapproves the refined language quite a lot, the folklore also many. Thethe Ming Dynasty writer Li Yuanyang once praised: "Date Li Cangshansnow, Precioustai 19 peaks".
Cangshan's cloud is the famous biography is far and wide. The cloudgathers the cloud to disperse, sometimes the pale like light smoke,sometimes is thick like splashes ink. In fluctuates varied center, what is most mysterious is "looks the husband cloud" and "thejade belt cloud". So-called "looks the husband cloud" is referswhenever the winter spring the season, the Cangshan jade bureau peakregular meeting appears a lonely cloud, suddenly remembers suddenlyfalls, about flutters, if hoped if attends to. Unusual occupying to anits appearance, the Diancang then suddenly gets up the storm, blows toErhai. So-called "jade belt cloud", is refers whenever at the end ofthe summer FallInitially, After rainFirst clear, between the Cangshan 19 peakshalfways up the mountainside often can appear white clouds, the cloudsGathersCollects, slowly pulls open, if the pure white jade belt horizontallyties the green mountainside. Is continuous dozens of miles,unexpectedly the date does not dissipate. Marvelous is, "the jade beltcloud" meets the omen agriculture abundant harvest: It appears thenumber of times to be many, same year on good crop weather. Local Painationality has the farmer's proverb: "Cangshan is the jade belt, thehungry dog eats the rice".
Cangshan's spring very is also famous. In 19 peaks the elevation hasmany mountains moraine lake in 3,800 meter above peak, this is thequaternary period glacier stays behind. Also has that 18 brooks themountain stream, flies the waterfall to fold the spring, the fourseasons rushes down, in under clear sweet water seepage nourishing,Cangshan fills the vitality. The moraine lakeside, the densely coveredvirgin forest and many precious forests, the strange flowers andplants, specially should tell everybody are, Cangshan's flowers andplants already fine reputation far broadcasts, moreover it also causesCangshan to be famous far and wide. American Professor Luo Lancasteronce said that, "Has 1000000 in US to know the Chinese Yunnan the DaliCangshan, because they all plant have many beautiful Dali Cangshan theIndian azalea."
Cangshan's stone, renowned at home and abroad. Guo Moruo has "ChantsMarble" the poem: "Three towers are high ancient, along thinksLoyalView year. The Cangshan rhyme love affair, the wonderful stone spitsthe mist. Outside the heart, coolly lives ElbowArmpit. The day meritmanpower generation, the overseas compete the treasure biography."
Cangshan has bred the marble, the marble is Cangshan's soul. This kindof magnificent wonderful stone, world many places all have, the aloneDali's most wonderful America, also opens the people early, therefore,world every this wonderful stone is called "the marble", "Dali" alsoraises the world because of Shi Erming.
Fellow friends, our pleasure boat vanguard, now should introduce thisocean waves Wan Qing to everybody Erhai itself.
Erhai, ancient name Kunming pond, Er river, Ye Yu Ze and so on;Because it resembles the person ear, therefore Erhai. Its north andsouth long 42 kilometers, the thing extends 3-9 kilometer, the lakewaterfront long 117 kilometers, the area more than 250 squarekilometers; The hydraulic mean depth 10.5 meters, the deepest 21.5meters, the water-holding capacity 2.88 billion cubic meters, the areaand the water-holding capacity arrange in order the Yunnan lakesecond, occupies seventh in the national fresh water lake.
South Erhai has makes up the river and so on to pour into, WestNatriumthe Cangshan 18 mountain streams, east collect the Polo river, dig thecolor river, the south side west Er river are the only estuaries,after Ripples red circles into Lanchan River. Erhai is the tectoniclake, the lake shore thing are many CliffWall, north southwest three arethe sandbars.
Everybody looked, Erhai water depth limpid, if the non- flaw beautifuljade, is beautiful incomparably, it is welcome each position by thebroad mind to come from the distant place guest. Erhai is the Chinafamous high land moor, as early as it has carried the annals in theHan Dynasty.
"Er Sea Month" is Dali one of four given names scenery. If goes boatingErhai in the lunar calendar ten in May bright nights, its monthespecially bright, especially circle, its scenery elated: In thewater, the month circle like wheel, floats the light to swing thegold; The sky, the jade mirror high hangs, the clear splendor isshining, the bath leaves from Erhai. Looks that, looks, the water andsky shines, you unexpectedly cannot distinguish clearly are the daymonth fall the sea,
orSeaMonth ascends to heaven. Is Er SeaMonth so whybright? The scientific conclusion is: First, Erhai water qualityspecially pure, the transparency is quite high, its reflection greatlystrengthened; Second, Erhai sea level dust less, air fresh, causes thewater and sky to serve as contrast, the moonlight is brighter. Inaddition, Er SeaMonth is famous, but also lies in the pure white non-flaw the Cangshan snow to produce an inverted image in Erhai, SeaMonthenhances one another's beauty with as pure as driven snow Er, aconstitution silver dark green jade Er's big marvelous sight.
With the Cangshan snow, the Er SeaMonth connected Dali four given namesscenery also have Guan Hua, the Hsiakuan wind. Between Erhai andCangshan's dam, is a long shape silting alluviation plain. WhenNanzhao country, nearby two respectively builds a xiaocheng in thisstrip north and south, holds the important location, defends the kingsall safety. North name Long Shouguan, also called closes; Southernregion name Dragon's Tail pass, at once Hsiakuan. On so-called closesthe flower, is refers closes "ten mile fragrant wonderful tree", thisflower originally shapings the street and Shan Sinei in on pass, itsflowered big like lotus, the year opens several hundred, the fragranceoverflows the four directions, the flower opens the season, the viewlike cloud.
Also therefore the tree ties the husk to be firm, may dofaces the bead, therefore the flower called "faces the pearl headornament". Afterwards, this flower vanished. The first years, somepeople had it is said found it in the Cangshan forest. West theHsiakuan wind refers to the Er river valley to inject Hsiakuan thewind, continues all year long, You takedong as is spring abundant, youas soon as enter Hsiakuan to be allowed to feel the Hsiakuan wind theexistence. It roars nearly every day, sweeps the street to put on thelane, holds up the bottom of garment uncovers the hat, caused Hsiakuanobtained "the wind city" the nickname.
Dali's love affair four given names scenery, has poem its string inthe same place, is advantageous for remembered, also quite has theappeal: The Hsiakuan wind, on closes the flower, the Hsiakuan windblows closes the flower; Cangshan snow, Er SeaMonth, Er SeaMonth accordingto Cangshan snow. Speaks of here, asks each position to look our Painationality girls embroider flowered Baotou. You might not despise it,it have manifested the Dali four given names scenery. Please lookedthat, The breeze blows, nearby the ear snow white Ear with the windfloatingly sprinkled, has appeared Hsiakuan's wind; In Baotou gorgeousflowers, has represented the flower which on closes; The peak this is white SilkHead, looked by far likes Cangshan the snow; The entireBaotou's shape same bright is moving on like Erhai's in crescent moon.