2016年3月5日國務(wù)院總理李克強在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上向大會作了《2016年國務(wù)院政府工作報告》。下面是由出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)為您整理的政府工作報告英文，歡迎閱讀!
政府工作報告英文
Report on the Work of the Government
各位代表：
Esteemed Deputies,
現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2015年工作回顧
過去一年，我國發(fā)展面臨多重困難和嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展穩(wěn)中有進、穩(wěn)中有好，完成了全年主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。
Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.
In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit. As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
——經(jīng)濟運行保持在合理區(qū)間。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經(jīng)濟體中位居前列。糧食產(chǎn)量實現(xiàn)“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業(yè)形勢總體穩(wěn)定，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1312萬人，超過全年預(yù)期目標(biāo)，成為經(jīng)濟運行的一大亮點。
– The economy operated within an appropriate range.
GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies. Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row. Consumer prices grew slowly. Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.
——結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得積極進展。服務(wù)業(yè)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據(jù)“半壁江山”。消費對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增速快于一般工業(yè)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5.6%。
– Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.
The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time. The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.
——發(fā)展新動能加快成長。創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略持續(xù)推進，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與各行業(yè)加速融合，新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，全年新登記注冊企業(yè)增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促升級發(fā)揮了突出作用，正在推動經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)生深刻變革。
– New driving forces for development grew rapidly.
Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly. Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day. New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.
——人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經(jīng)濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1442萬人。
– Living standards improved.
Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy. By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.
科技領(lǐng)域一批創(chuàng)新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術(shù)取得重大進展，國產(chǎn)C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎。對我國發(fā)展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪!
A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology. Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。這些成績，是在極為復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻的國際環(huán)境中取得的。去年世界經(jīng)濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿(mào)易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經(jīng)濟造成直接沖擊和影響。這些成績，是在國內(nèi)深層次矛盾凸顯、經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經(jīng)濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結(jié)合，趨利避害，有效應(yīng)對。這些成績，是在我國經(jīng)濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數(shù)上取得的?，F(xiàn)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當(dāng)于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經(jīng)濟規(guī)模越大，增長難度隨之增加。在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中國發(fā)展前行的步伐!
These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.
They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment. In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market. All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.
They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting. While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.
Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan. Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago. The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.
In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today. This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.
一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：
I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:
一是著力穩(wěn)增長調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)防風(fēng)險，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式。為應(yīng)對持續(xù)加大的經(jīng)濟下行壓力，我們在區(qū)間調(diào)控基礎(chǔ)上，實施定向調(diào)控和相機調(diào)控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發(fā)行地方政府債券置換存量債務(wù)3.2萬億元，降低利息負(fù)擔(dān)約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準(zhǔn)，改革存貸比管理，創(chuàng)新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經(jīng)濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設(shè)立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)和農(nóng)村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)。實施重點領(lǐng)域消費促進工程，城鄉(xiāng)居民旅游、網(wǎng)購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應(yīng)對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領(lǐng)域的多種風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險的底線，維護了國家經(jīng)濟金融安全。
First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.
In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation. We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use. Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure. We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy. Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions. Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services. In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.
二是圍繞激發(fā)市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續(xù)推動結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。深入推進簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。取消和下放311項行政審批事項，取消123項職業(yè)資格許可和認(rèn)定事項，徹底終結(jié)了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監(jiān)管，優(yōu)化公共服務(wù)流程。群眾和企業(yè)辦事更加方便，全社會創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新熱情日益高漲。
Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.
Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services. We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review. The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved. Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.
財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉(zhuǎn)移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增加。營改增穩(wěn)步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業(yè)、農(nóng)村、投融資、生態(tài)文明等領(lǐng)域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現(xiàn)。
Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes. The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%. We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.
堅持以開放促改革促發(fā)展。努力穩(wěn)定對外貿(mào)易，調(diào)整出口退稅負(fù)擔(dān)機制，清理規(guī)范進出口環(huán)節(jié)收費，提高貿(mào)易便利化水平，出口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)經(jīng)驗，新設(shè)廣東、天津、福建自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定和中國-東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設(shè)成效顯現(xiàn)，國際產(chǎn)能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。
Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix. The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%. Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively, and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN. Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(theBelt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.
三是聚焦提質(zhì)增效，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新升級。制定實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新政策舉措，落實“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動計劃，增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新動力。一大批創(chuàng)客走上創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持政策，促進農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式加快轉(zhuǎn)變。針對工業(yè)增速下降、企業(yè)效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產(chǎn)業(yè)培育，一手抓傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設(shè)立國家新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資引導(dǎo)基金、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展基金，擴大國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。積極化解過剩產(chǎn)能，推進企業(yè)兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產(chǎn)能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產(chǎn)性、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。狠抓節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護，各項約束性指標(biāo)超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標(biāo)，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。
Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.
To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations. Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones. We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring. Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum. We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.
四是著眼開拓發(fā)展空間，促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化。繼續(xù)推動?xùn)|、中、西、東北地區(qū)“四大板塊”協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設(shè)、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長江經(jīng)濟帶發(fā)展“三大戰(zhàn)略”，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆發(fā)展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化取得新成效。
Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.
Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives –the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration Initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt Initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation. Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.
五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續(xù)加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)困難群體的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)問題。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區(qū)住房改造開工601萬套，農(nóng)村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件，深化中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生人數(shù)又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優(yōu)撫、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推行機關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務(wù)建設(shè)。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。
Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.
Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment. Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in. We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%. Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established. We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.
六是促進社會和諧穩(wěn)定，推動依法行政和治理方式創(chuàng)新。國務(wù)院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)8部。政務(wù)公開加快推進，推廣電子政務(wù)和網(wǎng)上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責(zé)機制，開展第三方評估。有效應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害和突發(fā)事件。加強安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業(yè)事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。推進食品安全創(chuàng)建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。
Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.
The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.
我們深入開展“三嚴(yán)三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規(guī)定精神，堅決糾正“四風(fēng)”，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國務(wù)院“約法三章”。加強行政監(jiān)察和審計監(jiān)督。大力推進黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。
The campaign to build understanding of the Three Strictsand Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending. Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened. We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.
Note:
*To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be honest in one’s thinking, one’s work, and one’s behavior.
我們隆重紀(jì)念中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭東方主戰(zhàn)場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念!
We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism. This anniversary was a reminder of China’s place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort. The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.
一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習(xí)近平主席等國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人出訪多國，出席聯(lián)合國系列峰會、二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會、亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會議、世界經(jīng)濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關(guān)系取得新進展，同周邊國家務(wù)實合作深入推進，同發(fā)展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯(lián)合國等國際組織和國際機制的關(guān)系全面加強，經(jīng)濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負(fù)責(zé)任大國，在國際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中發(fā)揮了重要的建設(shè)性作用。
Over the past year, China’s all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders’ Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016. The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders’ Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated. Fresh progress was made in China’s relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges. As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.
各位代表!
Esteemed Deputies,
過去一年取得的成績，是以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、科學(xué)決策的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強拼搏的結(jié)果。我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝!向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝!向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝!
We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people’s organizations. I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.
在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發(fā)展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿(mào)易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現(xiàn)下降，預(yù)期增長目標(biāo)未能實現(xiàn)。投資增長乏力，一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩嚴(yán)重，部分企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難，地區(qū)和行業(yè)走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎(chǔ)性制度還不完善，金融等領(lǐng)域存在風(fēng)險隱患。人民群眾關(guān)心的醫(yī)療、教育、養(yǎng)老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環(huán)境污染形勢仍很嚴(yán)峻，嚴(yán)重霧霾天氣在一些地區(qū)時有發(fā)生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發(fā)生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災(zāi)爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失慘重，教訓(xùn)極其深刻，必須認(rèn)真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數(shù)干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領(lǐng)域的不正之風(fēng)和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔(dān)當(dāng)意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負(fù)人民重托。
While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development. With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard. Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors. There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people. The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog. Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port. The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten. There are still inadequacies in the work of the government. Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored. We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved. The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.
各位代表!
Esteemed Deputies,
2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發(fā)展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，面對錯綜復(fù)雜的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，我們繼續(xù)堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào)，深化改革開放，實施一系列利當(dāng)前、惠長遠的重大舉措，“十二五”規(guī)劃確定的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)全面完成。一是經(jīng)濟持續(xù)較快發(fā)展。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長7.8%，經(jīng)濟總量穩(wěn)居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿(mào)易大國和主要對外投資大國。二是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得標(biāo)志性進展。服務(wù)業(yè)成為第一大產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)化與信息化融合加深，農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力明顯增強。消費成為支撐經(jīng)濟增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮(zhèn)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。三是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業(yè)里程達到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車?yán)锍坛^12萬公里。南水北調(diào)東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。四是科技創(chuàng)新實現(xiàn)重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導(dǎo)等基礎(chǔ)研究取得一批原創(chuàng)性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項目達到世界先進水平。五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經(jīng)濟增長，城鄉(xiāng)收入差距持續(xù)縮小。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)人數(shù)超過6400萬人。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房建設(shè)4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。六是社會發(fā)展成就斐然。教育公平和質(zhì)量明顯提升?；踞t(yī)療保險實現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本養(yǎng)老保險參保率超過80%。文化軟實力持續(xù)提升。依法治國全面推進。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經(jīng)過五年努力，我國經(jīng)濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、國際影響力又上了一個大臺階。
The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plancame to a close in 2015. During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China’s development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home. However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits. As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.
First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.
During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%. This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.
Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.
Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved. Consumption has become a major driver of growth. Over half of China’s population now resides in urban areas. Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.
Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.
The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world’s total. The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world’s largest 4G mobile network was built in China.
Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.
Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research. World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.
Fifth, living standards improved significantly.
Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed. Over 64 million urban jobs were created. Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people. The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.
Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.
Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved. Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population. China’s soft power continued to grow. The rule of law was advanced in all respects. Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics. Over the past five years, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.
The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people. The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals. *
Note:
* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.
“十二五”時期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的巨大優(yōu)越性，集中展現(xiàn)了中國人民的無窮創(chuàng)造力，極大增強了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵全國各族人民在實現(xiàn)“兩個一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)的新征程上奮力前行!
The achievements attained during the period of the12th Five-Year Planfully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people. The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals. *
Note:
* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.
二、“十三五”時期主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)和重大舉措
Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.
根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十三個五年規(guī)劃的建議》，國務(wù)院編制了《國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十三個五年規(guī)劃綱要(草案)》，提交大會審查。
On the basis of theCPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.
《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)，針對發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)等突出問題，強調(diào)要牢固樹立和貫徹落實創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念，明確了今后五年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，提出了一系列支撐發(fā)展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項目，突出了以下六個方面。
The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects. The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.
——保持經(jīng)濟中高速增長，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端水平。實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會目標(biāo)，到2020年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時期經(jīng)濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級，實施一批技術(shù)水平高、帶動能力強的重大工程。到2020年，先進制造業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)比重大幅提升，全員勞動生產(chǎn)率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時，我國經(jīng)濟總量超過90萬億元，發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個人口眾多的發(fā)展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。
– We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.
To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period. To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development. Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan. By that time, China’s aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved. For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.
——強化創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)作用，為發(fā)展注入強大動力。創(chuàng)新是引領(lǐng)發(fā)展的第一動力，必須擺在國家發(fā)展全局的核心位置，深入實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。啟動一批新的國家重大科技項目，建設(shè)一批高水平的國家科學(xué)中心和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創(chuàng)新型領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)，建設(shè)一批全面創(chuàng)新改革試驗區(qū)。持續(xù)推動大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新。促進大數(shù)據(jù)、云計算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣泛應(yīng)用。加快建設(shè)質(zhì)量強國、制造強國、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)強國。到2020年，力爭在基礎(chǔ)研究、應(yīng)用研究和戰(zhàn)略前沿領(lǐng)域取得重大突破，全社會研發(fā)經(jīng)費投入強度達到2.5%，科技進步對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率達到60%，邁進創(chuàng)新型國家和人才強國行列。
– We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.
Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China’s development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development. We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation. We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations. We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things. We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights. We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020. China’s investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%. Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.
——推進新型城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，促進城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展?？s小城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域差距，既是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的重點，也是釋放發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ年P(guān)鍵。要深入推進以人為核心的新型城鎮(zhèn)化，實現(xiàn)1億左右農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮(zhèn)落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區(qū)和城中村改造，引導(dǎo)約1億人在中西部地區(qū)就近城鎮(zhèn)化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達到60%、戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達到45%。實施一批水利、農(nóng)機、現(xiàn)代種業(yè)等工程，推動農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營和區(qū)域化布局、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、社會化服務(wù)。到2020年，糧食等主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給和質(zhì)量安全得到更好保障，農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平明顯提高，新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得新成效。以區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略為基礎(chǔ)，以“三大戰(zhàn)略”為引領(lǐng)，形成沿海沿江沿線經(jīng)濟帶為主的縱向橫向經(jīng)濟軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動力強的城市群和增長極。加強重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，高鐵營業(yè)里程達到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車?yán)锍碳s3萬公里，實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)全覆蓋。
– We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.
Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential. We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization. This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions. By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.
We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services. By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.
Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas. We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.
——推動形成綠色生產(chǎn)生活方式，加快改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。堅持在發(fā)展中保護、在保護中發(fā)展，持續(xù)推進生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動計劃，劃定生態(tài)空間保護紅線，推進山水林田湖生態(tài)工程，加強生態(tài)保護和修復(fù)。今后五年，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達到23.04%，能源資源開發(fā)利用效率大幅提高，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進展，地級及以上城市空氣質(zhì)量優(yōu)良天數(shù)比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設(shè)天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。
– We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.
We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system. We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country’s total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts. Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%. We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment. In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year. We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.
——深化改革開放，構(gòu)建發(fā)展新體制。發(fā)展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅持和完善基本經(jīng)濟制度，建立現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用，加快形成引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新常態(tài)的體制機制和發(fā)展方式。“一帶一路”建設(shè)取得重大進展，國際產(chǎn)能合作實現(xiàn)新的突破。對外貿(mào)易向優(yōu)進優(yōu)出轉(zhuǎn)變，服務(wù)貿(mào)易比重顯著提升，從貿(mào)易大國邁向貿(mào)易強國。全面實行準(zhǔn)入前國民待遇加負(fù)面清單管理制度，逐步構(gòu)建高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，基本形成開放型經(jīng)濟新體制新格局。
– We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.
Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up. We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place. It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.
We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiativeand for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity. We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality. We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas. With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.
——持續(xù)增進民生福祉，使全體人民共享發(fā)展成果。堅持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，努力補齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩(wěn)步前進。堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)，我國現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的農(nóng)村貧困人口實現(xiàn)脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。建立國家基本公共服務(wù)項目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續(xù)的社會保障制度。實施義務(wù)教育學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、普及高中階段教育、建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科等工程，勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。實現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)住房改造2000萬套。推進健康中國建設(shè)，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。積極應(yīng)對人口老齡化。構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系，實施公民道德建設(shè)、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質(zhì)生活更殷實，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。
– We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.
Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity. We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.
We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services. We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems. We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.
We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs. We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace. We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.
We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy. We need to respond proactively to population aging. We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving. These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.
做好“十三五”時期經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作，實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會目標(biāo)，必須著力把握好三點。一是牢牢抓住發(fā)展第一要務(wù)不放松。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風(fēng)險明顯增多。發(fā)展如逆水行舟，不進則退。必須毫不動搖堅持以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展，妥善應(yīng)對風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，使中國經(jīng)濟這艘巨輪破浪遠航。二是大力推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。當(dāng)前發(fā)展中總量問題與結(jié)構(gòu)性問題并存，結(jié)構(gòu)性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。
在適度擴大總需求的同時，突出抓好供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)供給，使供給和需求協(xié)同促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，提高全要素生產(chǎn)率，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力。三是加快新舊發(fā)展動能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展必然會有新舊動能迭代更替的過程，當(dāng)傳統(tǒng)動能由強變?nèi)鯐r，需要新動能異軍突起和傳統(tǒng)動能轉(zhuǎn)型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動經(jīng)濟持續(xù)增長、躍上新臺階。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展正處于這樣一個關(guān)鍵時期，必須培育壯大新動能，加快發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟。
要推動新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新業(yè)態(tài)加快成長，以體制機制創(chuàng)新促進分享經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，建設(shè)共享平臺，做大高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，打造動力強勁的新引擎。運用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，推動生產(chǎn)、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈、價值鏈，改造提升傳統(tǒng)動能，使之煥發(fā)新的生機與活力。
To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:
First, give top priority to development
Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face. During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks. Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream. We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China’s economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.
Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform
At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures. The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures. While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others. This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium- and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity. This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.
Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development
In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones. As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed; only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth. This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy. We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines. We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.
從根本上說，發(fā)展的不竭力量蘊藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業(yè)技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優(yōu)勢。實現(xiàn)新舊動能轉(zhuǎn)換，推動發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新，既是一個伴隨陣痛的調(diào)整過程，也是一個充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個關(guān)口，中國經(jīng)濟就一定能夠浴火重生、再創(chuàng)輝煌。
Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development. A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength. Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment. But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise. We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.
展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會目標(biāo)，人民生活將會更加美好，中國特色社會主義事業(yè)前景一定會更加光明!
Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.