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2017年考研英語完型填空模擬題及答案(1)
Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using__1__ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or __3__an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__. Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have__6__ of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But __7__the complaints，scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia，its health consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of specialists __8__together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called__9__a broad range of research into insomnia，__10__that if scientists understood its __11__causes，they could develop better treatments. Most，but not all，insomnia is thought to __12__other health problems，from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in__13__complicates those other problems. Other diseases __14__，the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more __15__among women，especially after their 50s. Smoking，caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some__17__to specific disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before deciding what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia.
1. [A] unproven [B] unknown [C] improper [D] imperative
2. [A] fall [B] lie [C] seem [D] become
3. [A] prescribe [B] pop [C] abuse [D] experiment
4. [A] And [B] Though [C] Thus [D] But
5. [A] peculiar [B] anonymous [C] mysterious [D] unexpected
6. [A] signals [B] symptoms [C] signs [D] symbols
7. [A] in addition to[B] except for [C] owing to [D] for all
8. [A] pulled [B] collected [C] brought [D] drawn
9. [A] on [B] for [C] up [D] in
10. [A] noting [B] notifying [C] nosing [D] nominating
11. [A] undertaking[B] underlining [C] underlying [D] undermining
12. [A] cause [B] accompany [C] follow [D] attend
13. [A] short [B] case [C] essence [D] turn
14. [A] inside [B] outside [C] aside [D] besides
15. [A] common [B] popular [C] frequent [D] regular
16. [A] conscription[B] description [C] subscription[D] prescription
17. [A] aimed [B] targeted [C] designated [D] designed
18. [A] examining [B] inspecting [C] verifying [D] assessing
19. [A] conducting [B] awaiting [C] receiving [D] considering
20. [A] assigned [B] charged [C] directed [D] attended
總體分析本文主要介紹了對失眠的研究工作。文章第一段指出慢性失眠是一個重要的公共健康問題，但其致病原因仍是個迷。第二段介紹了(美)全國衛(wèi)生研究所一個專家小組的結論，該小組呼吁對失眠進行廣泛的研究。第三段討論了失眠與其他因素，如疾病、年齡、藥物等的關系。第四段介紹了(美)全國衛(wèi)生研究所對失眠正在進行的研究情況。
全文翻譯：慢性失眠是一個主要的公共健康問題。而且，太多人正使用未經驗證的治療方法，盡管有些方法確實是有效的。上百萬的美國人夜里睡不著覺，躺著數羔羊、喝杯烈酒或吞個藥片，希望這會使他們產生困意。然而，專家們一致認為，自作主張亂吃藥并不是解決失眠的好方法，導致慢性失眠的原因目前還是一個謎。
幾乎有1/3的成年人存在睡眠障礙，而且大約10%的人有白天功能減退的癥狀，這些癥狀表明他們確實患上了失眠癥。但是，一個由(美)全國衛(wèi)生研究所召集的專家小組在周三得出這樣的結論：盡管(社會上關于長期失眠的)抱怨很多，但科學家們對長期失眠的原因，它對健康的影響以及如何有效地治療都知之甚少。該專家小組呼吁對失眠癥進行廣泛研究，指出如果科學家們了解了失眠的潛在原因，他們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)更好的治療方法。
很多，但不是所有的失眠癥被認為伴隨著其他健康問題產生，從關節(jié)炎、抑郁到心血管疾病。而問題通常是不知道是先產生失眠，還是失眠是其他疾病的結果，以及失眠如何又使其他問題變得更加復雜。撇開其他疾病不說，失眠的可能性隨著年齡的增加而增加，而且在婦女中更加普遍，尤其是50歲以后。吸煙、咖啡因及眾多的處方藥也影響睡眠。
(美)全國衛(wèi)生研究所今年要花大約2000億美元用于睡眠的相關研究，其中一些以特定的(睡眠)紊亂為目標，另外一些觀察控制睡眠神經系統(tǒng)的潛在科學規(guī)律。該機構正等待專家小組的評論以決定對失眠進行的下一步研究工作。
答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C
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