人教版高中英語選修9《Exploring planets》教案
目標(biāo)認(rèn)知 重點(diǎn)詞匯： scale, postpone, evolve, attach, date back to, give out conflict, restriction, fluency, appeal,
重點(diǎn)句型：not ?until 句型 語 法： 賓語
精講巧練 重點(diǎn)
詞匯 scale 【原句回放】 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】scale n. the size of sth. , especially when it is big 意為“大小，規(guī) 模”，on a large scale 表示“規(guī)模宏大的”，還表示“等級(jí);比例，尺度” 如：Any public demonstrations(游行)on a large scale without the permission of the city authorities is antisocial. The scale of this map is one centimeter to the kilometer. A machine for weighing people has a scale from one pound to 300 pounds on it. 【拓展】scales 表示“稱，天平”;scale 也用作動(dòng)詞，表示“攀越，爬越”，短語： scale up/ down 按比例逐步增加/減少， 如：Students scaled an 8-foot fence to enter the theatre. Such a big order means scaling up our production capacity. 【隨時(shí)練】 With the opportunity to survive becoming small, the search operation has been scaled down slowly at present. A. has been scaled down C. scaled up Key: B B. is being scaled down D. is scaling up
conflict
【原句回放】 Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease,?and conflicts with the local people. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】 conflict n. angry disagreement between people or groups 表示“沖突， 爭(zhēng)端”，常與介詞 between / over 連用， be in conflict with sb. 表示“與某人處于 爭(zhēng)執(zhí)中”。conflict 也用作動(dòng)詞， 表示“沖突;爭(zhēng)執(zhí)” 如：There is a conflict between the two sides of his personality. She is in conflict with her employer over sickness pay. The two stories conflicted, so I did not know what to believe. 【拓展】區(qū)別 conflict, fight, struggle 都含“戰(zhàn)斗” 、“ 斗爭(zhēng)”的意思。 ① conflict 指“由于嚴(yán)重不一致， 而引起抵觸或沖突”， 如：Their account of the causes of the war conflicts with ours. 他們對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)起因的報(bào)告與我們的報(bào)告相反。 ② fight 原義是“打仗”、“戰(zhàn)斗”， 指“任何形式的斗爭(zhēng)”， 特別強(qiáng)調(diào)“短兵相 接”， 如：The two boys fought. 兩個(gè)孩子動(dòng)手打起來了。 ③ struggle 本義是“掙扎”，指“克服某種障礙或困難， 以達(dá)到某種目的”，意味 著“處境難”， 如：They were struggling for peace. 他們?yōu)楹推蕉窢?zhēng)。 【隨時(shí)練】 In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _______in personality. A. contract B. contrast B. connection D. conflict
Key: D. 析：conflict 爭(zhēng)論，摩擦，沖突;contact 接觸，聯(lián)系，交往; contrast 對(duì)比;對(duì)照;connection 聯(lián)系，關(guān)系。
restriction 【原句回放】At that time, there were restrictions on the movement of Europeans and so ,?(P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】restriction n. the act of limiting or controlling someone or sth. 表 示“限制，約束”，短語 lift/ remove restrictions on 表示“解除對(duì)?的限制”， 如：The restriction of press freedom is seen as an abuse(侵犯)of human rights. We have been asking the government to lift the restrictions on food export. 【拓展】 restrict v. 表示“限制，限定”，restrict sth. to sth 表示“限制某人
某物”;restrictive adj. 表示“嚴(yán)格限制的”。 如：Doctors have restricted the number of visits to two per day. Travel is my dream, but a busy working life has restricted my opportunities. The current building regulations are very restrictive. 【隨時(shí)練】The county is facing restrictions ________ the use of water for irrigating crops. A.to Key: C B. with C. on D. toward
fluency 【原句回放】， in order to travel unnoticed, he developed his fluency in Chinese ? and dressed as a Chinese man, even shaving his head in the Chinese style. (P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】 fluency n. quality of speaking , writing in an easy smooth manner 表 示“流利，流暢”，with fluency 表示“流暢地, 滔滔不絕”， 如：Visitors were amazed at the students' conversational fluency in English. He speaks English with great fluency. 【拓展】fluent adj. 表示“流利的，熟練的”, be fluent in 表示“在某方面熟練 的”， fluently adv. “熟練地” 如： couldn’ imagine our prime minister was fluent in eight foreign languages. You t You speak more fluently than I. 【隨時(shí)練】 She speaks ________ though not very correct French. A. fluent Key: A B. fluently C. fluency D. with fluency
appeal 【原句回放】One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him. (P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】appeal vi. to be attractive or interesting to sb. 表示“(常與 to 連 用)吸引;引起興趣”，還表示“呼吁，懇請(qǐng)，上訴，訴諸”等， 如：Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you? The government is appealing to everyone to save water. The victims' families of the murder have appealed to the Supreme Court to have a definitive answer.
He appealed against the judge's decision. 【拓展】appeal 用作名詞，表示“呼吁，請(qǐng)求，吸引力”，常與介詞 for 連用，make an appeal 請(qǐng)求; 如：They have launched an appeal to send food to the flood victims. There have been several appeals for an end to the fighting. The old couple made an emotional appeal for his daughter to connect them. 【隨時(shí)練】The design ______all the ages and social groups is not easy to make. A. appealed to C. to be appealed to Key: D B. being appealed to D. appealing to
postpone 【原句回放】My parents suggested postponing our visit to the pyramid because we didn’t have enough time to see them before we left Egypt.(P35) 【點(diǎn)撥】postpone vt. to decide that sth. will not be done at the time when it was planned, or to delay 表示“推遲，延期”，postpone doing sth 表示“推遲做某事” 常與介詞 till/until/ to 連用， 如：We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th. The ball game was postponed because of the heavy rain. 【拓展】區(qū)別 delay/ postpone / put off 均含“推遲”、“延期”、“延緩”的意思。 ① delay 指“暫時(shí)阻撓或阻擋, 稍后可再繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”, 如：The steamer was delayed by bad weather. 汽輪因天氣不佳而延期。 ② postpone 是正式用語, 語義較強(qiáng), 指“有意識(shí)地延至將來某一特定時(shí)間”, 在多數(shù) 情況下, 后面說 明改在何時(shí)進(jìn)行, 如：The meeting has been postponed to Friday. 會(huì)議推遲到星期五舉行。 ③ put off 與 postpone 大致同義, 但較通俗口語化, 如：Let's put this off till some other time. 我們還是把這擱一擱, 以后再說 吧。 【隨時(shí)練】 We ‘ve had to postpone _________ to France because Adrian’s got an interview for a job that week. A. going Key: A B. go C. to go D. to going
evolve 【原句回放】Over time, many flowering plants and their animal pollinators have evolved together. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】evolve vi &vt. to develop naturally and gradually over a period of time 表示“ 發(fā)展，進(jìn)化”，常與介詞 from/ into 連用， 如：There was a debate as to whether birds evolved from dinosaurs. The British present political system has evolved over several centuries. 【拓展】evolution n. 表示“進(jìn)化(論),發(fā)展”，evolutionary adj. 表示“進(jìn)化的， 發(fā)展的”。 如：The space program is the evolution of years of research. The new fossil finds may tell us more about human evolution. 【隨時(shí)練】The developmental history of the society tells us that man has ___from the ape. A. involved Key: C B. dissolved C. evolved D. solved
attach 【原句回放】Pollen becomes attached to the animal during its visit to a flower and is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】 attach vt. to connect one thing to another 表示“系上，縛上，附加”， 常與介詞 to 連用，attach a label to 貼上標(biāo)簽， 如：There was a massage attached to the flowers. No blame attaches to him for the accident. We should attach primary importance to the development of economy. 【拓展】attached adj. 表示“連接的， 附加的”，attachment n. 表示“附件，愛 慕”。 如：She found herself growing deeply attached to the old lady. The hallway leads to a bathroom with bath and shower attachment. 【隨時(shí)練】 returning home, she found a note ______ to the door, reading: “ call On in later.” A. attaching Key: B B. attached C. attach D. being attached
date back to 【原句回放】Collecting “exotic” plants, as they are called, dates back to the earliest times. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】date back to 表示“追溯到，始于”，相當(dāng)于 date from, 常用于一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)，且無被動(dòng)語態(tài)， 如：These sculptures must date from the middle of the 7th century. 【拓展】date 用作動(dòng)詞，表示“在?寫上日期，確定?的年代”;out of date 表示 “過時(shí)的”，up to date 表示“新式的，時(shí)髦的” 如：The paintings haven’t yet been accurately dated by the museum’s experts. The new park provides up- to -date information , hands-on learning and lots of fun and excitement. 【隨時(shí)練】 The temple, which ______ back to the 17th century, is undergoing a complete mending. A. dates Key: A B. goes C. was made D. was built
give out 【原句回放】Smell: strong, sweet perfume, typically only given out at night. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】 give out vt. to produce sth. such as a sound or light, 表示“發(fā)出， 散發(fā)出”,還表示“分發(fā)，用盡，停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)” 如：The teacher gave out textbook to the students who ask for them. The new devices gives out very low noise. His heart finally gave out under the strain. 【拓展】相關(guān)短語：give away 泄漏;贈(zèng)送; give in 妥協(xié)，屈服;give off 散發(fā)出， 冒出;give up 放棄，停止， 如：The supermarket is giving away a box of sugar to everyone who comes today. The government has said all along that it will never give in to the terrorist threats. When they die, plants gives off gases such as carbon dioxide and methane(甲 烷). 【隨時(shí)練】 Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _______ the shocking ending.
A. give away Key: A
B. give out
C. give up
D. give off
重點(diǎn)句型 not ?until 句型 【原句回放 1】 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】 not ?until 表示“直到?才，在?之前不”，只用于主句謂語是瞬間性動(dòng) 詞，如果主句謂語是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)則不用 not, 有時(shí) until 可以與 before 互換 ， 如： can't start the job until we have the approval from the authority concerned. We He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. Don’t promise him anything before we’ve had time to think about it. 【拓展】 ① 如果“not until?”結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時(shí)，主句的語序要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而 until 引導(dǎo)的 句子不倒裝， 如：Not until I left home did I begin to understand how kind my parents were. ② “not? until 句型”用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中“It was/ is not until ? that” 表示“直 到?才” 如：It was not until he told me that I knew about it. It was not until the 1880 that there were consistent experimental findings to support the theory. ③ 在 until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句若是一般將來時(shí)，從句往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 如：Don’t get off until the bus has stopped.
【鏈接高考】 【考例 1】It was _______ back home after the experiment. A.not until midnight did he go C. not until midnight that he went B. until midnight that he didn’t go D. until midnight when he didn’t go
【答案與解析】C。 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was not until ? that”。
【考例 2】“You can’t have the football back _______ you promise not to kick
it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. A.because B. since C. when D. until
【答案與解析】D. 句意是：直到你答應(yīng)不再用球打我的貓，否則你不會(huì)要回你的球， 這位老太太堅(jiān)定的說。
【考例 3】I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _______ on it for more than an hour. A.has been working C. will have been working B. will have worked D. had worked
【答案與解析】A. until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中， 主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句則用現(xiàn)在 時(shí)。
【考例 4】We are told that we should follow the main road ______ we reached the central railway station. A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever
【答案與解析】B. follow 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示“沿著，順著”，句意是“沿著那條公 路走直到到達(dá)中心火車站。
寫作進(jìn)行時(shí) 翻譯下文，盡量運(yùn)用本單元學(xué)過的詞匯及短語： 有一天在我和湯姆上學(xué)的路上，湯姆碰上了一次車禍，幸運(yùn)的是他沒有受傷，可是他的 自行車壞了，于是我用繩子把他的車子拴到我的車子上，這樣我們一塊朝學(xué)校騎去。當(dāng)然我 們的速度受到了限制，并且恐怕要遲到。我們之間也出現(xiàn)過爭(zhēng)吵，最后，直到上課了我們還 沒有到。然而，令我們高興的是老師并沒有懲罰我們而是表揚(yáng)了我們相互幫助。 寫作過程： (1)審題：______________________________________________ (2)列出相關(guān)詞匯短語：_______________________________________________. (3)謀篇：_______________________________________. (4)寫作：______________________________________ 答案： (1)審題：敘述一個(gè)故事，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (2) 列出相關(guān)詞匯短語： came across, conflict, break down, to our delight attach, restrict,
(3)謀篇：fortunately, though, so, not ?until , however
(4)范文： One day on my and Tom’s way to school ,Tom came across an accident. Fortunately, he was not injured at all, his bike broke down, though. So I had to attach my bike to Tom’s with a rope. In this way we made our way to the school. Of course , our speed was greatly restricted and we were afraid to be late. There were some conflicts between us on our way. At last we didn’t arrive at school until the class began. However, to our delight, our teacher praised us for our helping each other instead of punishing us. 解析： 1. 這篇作文用到很多本單元的知識(shí)點(diǎn)， came across, break down, attach, restrict, 如： conflict 以及本單元重點(diǎn)句型：not ?until 及幾組副詞。 2.在寫作過程的第二步(列出相關(guān)詞匯短語)，可以作為 brainstorm 的訓(xùn)練，列出所 有自己能想到的詞匯及短語，及連接詞等等。 3.為了得到高分，同學(xué)一定要注意長(zhǎng)短句的交替使用。如果第一句很長(zhǎng)，第二句一定 要盡量短。如果同學(xué)們有時(shí)間背誦新概念英語，對(duì)它的布局謀篇會(huì)有深刻的印象，對(duì)我們的 寫作會(huì)大有裨益。 4.精心選擇過渡語， 如： fortunately，though， in this way，of course， however 等
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)：
單項(xiàng)填空(20 題)
1. In the botanical garden we can find a(n) _______ of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. B. groups C. amount D. variety
A. species
2. This is a very special flower and it can _______ a strong sweet perfume at night. A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give out
3. The story tells of a classic conflict ______ love and duty. A. with B. between C. into D. on
4. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _______ I received the manager’s reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that
5.— Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? — Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when
6. They are so close friends and their friendship ________ college days. A. dates back to B. dates back C. dates to D. dates back from
7. — Can you give me some advice about the design? — I think it should _______ to all ages and social groups. A. appear B. appeal C. suit D. fit
8. The government not only ____ the refugees(難民)houses to live in, but also _____ them with food and clothes. A. offered; offered C. provided; offered B. provided; provided D. offered; provided
9. ______, he would come in late and then say he was sorry. A. Eventually B. Typically C. Particularly D. Especially
10. There was a nice little present for everyone, with a suitable poem _______ to it. A. attached B. attacked C. attracted D. attributed
11. — Please ______ your passport. — I’m sorry, but I _______ in my home. A. show me; left it C. show me; forgot it B. show to me; left it D. show to me; forgot it
12. According to recent reports, one of the rare animals, ____ crocodile, is in ____ danger of dying out. A. a; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
13. --- Did you have any difficulty catching yesterday’s lecture? --- No. The professor spoke very clearly to make his speech easy ____. A. understood C. understanding B. understand D. to understand
14. The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighbouring districts has to be ________. A. weakened B. omitted C. restricted D. lowered
15. --- Is Alice playing both basketball and tennis for your school? --- She ____. But now she has given up playing basketball. A. is B. has C. was D. had
16. All the children on the playground stared up into the sky until the noise of the plane____. A. gave up B. took off C. went out D. died away
17. ____ in the care of his grandmother, Ted grew to be a boy with very good manners. A. Leaving C. To leave B. To be left D. Left
18. --- Do you think living in the country has advantages? --- ____. A. Yes, perfectly C. Well, that depends B. Yes, it is D. Nothing at all
19. ____ surprises us most is that she doesn’t even know ____ the difference between the two lies. A. What; where C. What; what B. What; which D. That; where
20. If you _______ a mistake in reviewing the report, please bring it to my attention.
A. come along
B. come across
C. come around to
D. come about
答案解析： 1.選 D。a variety of 各種各樣的; species 前面不能加 a, group 意思是“讓” ; amount 表示“量” 。 2.選 C。 give out 發(fā)出，放出光、熱、氣味等;give in 屈服，讓步;give up 放棄; give over 交付，托付。 3.選 B。 a conflict between ?表示“?之間的沖突” 。 4.選 D。 此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)用 not until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，即“It is / was not until??that??” 。 5.選 C。 考查“not ?until 句型”表示“直到?才” 。 6.選 A。 date back to 或 date from 表示“從??開始，始于??時(shí)間，追溯到??” 。 7.選 B。 appeal to sb. 對(duì)??有吸引力,句意：設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)當(dāng)雅俗共賞，老少皆宜。 appear 看起來好像是;suit, fit 是及物動(dòng)詞，不與 to 連用。 8.選 D。 offer 與 provide 的用法分別為：offer 后跟雙賓語，即：offer sb. sth.; provide 要用下列形式：provide sb. with sth. 和 provide sth. for sb.。 9.選 B。 eventually 最后,終于;typically 典型地，典型的做法是;particularly 特別地;especially 尤其地;特別地;句意：典型的做法是，他會(huì)來晚然后說對(duì)不起。 10.選 A。 attach (to) 附加， 系上， 附上， attack 襲擊， 攻擊; attract 吸引; attribute 把 ??歸功于，是由于??。 11.選 A。 show 后要跟雙賓語， 即 show sb. sth. ;把??忘在哪兒要用 “forget sth. + 介詞+地點(diǎn)。 ” 12.選 D。 考查冠詞。be in danger of 為固定短語，意為“有??危險(xiǎn)的” 。 13.選 D。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處應(yīng)用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 14.選 C。 restrict the supply 表示“限制供應(yīng)” 。 15.選 C。 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，Alice 過去打籃球和網(wǎng)球，但現(xiàn)在已放棄，故此 空用一般過去時(shí)。 16.選 D。 考查動(dòng)詞短語。die away 表示“ (風(fēng)、聲音等)漸息，漸弱” 。 17.選 D。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 過去分詞短語作原因狀語， 相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句 Because he was left in the care of his grandmother.
18.選 C。 考查交際用語。that depends 表示“視情況而定” 。 19.選 A。 考查名詞性從句。 第一空用 what 引導(dǎo)主語從句;第二空用 where 引導(dǎo)賓語 從句。 20.選 B。 come across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)或遇見;come along 到達(dá)，出現(xiàn);come around to
轉(zhuǎn)變成與某人一致的意見;come about 發(fā)生。
詞海拾貝(原精讀課文縮寫)
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容用合適的單詞填空。 Although even ancient civilizations saw the value of bringing back plants from ______ lands and the first human plant collecting expedition ______ in history was around 1500 BC, the exploration of the botanical world did not begin ________ until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At that time, the European middle class ________ in collecting new plants . Brave young men took the _______of going on botanical expeditions, in spite of many dangers, including _______ with the local people. In the 1740s, one French Catholic missionary collected seeds of trees and bushes, _______ those of the Tree of Heaven in Beijing, China. The seeds arrived in England in 1751 and plants from these seeds were grown all over the world soon. It was an enormous _______ to keep plants alive during the long land trips or sea _______. Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after the long journey between Asia and Europe. It was Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention, the Wardian case, ________ allowed plants to be transported _______ on long journeys. Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors to use Wardian cases. He even made it possible to _______ a successful tea industry in India by shipping 20,000 tea plants there from China. During the second half of the nineteenth century, many Catholic missionaries were sent to China from France. They _______ the study of the natural science and many of them knew a lot about plants and animals. Their expeditions _________ huge plant collections being sent back to France. In 1897, Father Farges collected and sent back to France 37 seeds from a dove tree that had ________ him but only one seed grew! 答案解析： 1. distant interest 5. opportunity 9. voyages 13. valued 6. conflicts 10. that 14. resulted in 7. including 11. safe 15. appealed to 8. challenge 12. establish 2. recorded 3. on a large scale 4. took great
單句改錯(cuò)
1. The pine trees date back to 2,000years ago has been included in the Guinness Book of World Records.
2. The first plant collected expedition in history happened around 1500 BC. 3. The attraction to exotic plants increased as European countries arrived at some other Asia countries.
4. Brave enough young man took the opportunity of going on botanical expedition, faced many dangers. 5. The species that they took from China were introduced in North America later. 6. The purpose of the trip for them is record the plants and animals they met. 7. They collected examples wherever they landed on a distant island. 8. Keep plants alive during the sea voyage became an enormous challenge. 9. These plants were allowed transporting on long journeys because of the invention. 10. Their expedition resulted from huge plant collections, which were sent to France.
答案解析： 1. date 改為 dating, 此處用 date bake to 的-ing 形式作定語，修飾名詞 The pine trees。 2. collected 改為 collecting, a plant collecting expedition 表示“搜尋植物探 險(xiǎn) 隊(duì) ” plant 與 collect 之 間 是 動(dòng) 賓 關(guān) 系 ， 如 a paper-making factory 造 紙 廠 ; Tree-planting Day 植樹節(jié)。 3. Asia 改為 Asian, 表示“亞洲國(guó)家”時(shí)須用其形容詞形式。 4. faced 改為 facing, 此處表主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 5. were 改為 was, species 作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，類似的還用 series, means, physics 等。 6. record 前加 to, to do 不定式作表語。 7. wherever 改為 whenever, 表示“無論什么時(shí)候登上島嶼“。 8. keep 改為 Keeping, -ing 形式作主語。 9. transporting 改為 to transport, 考查 be allowed to do sth. 表示“被允許做 某事” 。 10. from 改為 in, result in 表示 “導(dǎo)致， 產(chǎn)生結(jié)果” 而 result from 表示 ， “由于?” 。
能力提升：
單項(xiàng)填空(共 20 小題)
從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1. Simon thought his computer was broken _____ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A. until B. unless C. after D. because
2. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _______.(08 全國(guó)卷 II) A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved
3. — Look! What have you done to the fish? — I’m sorry. I didn’t mean _______ the bowl. A. to ruin B. ruining C. to be ruined D. being ruining
4. These old buildings possibly _______ the Ming period. A. are dated back to C. are dated from B. date from D. dated back to
5. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ______ during the day. (2008 江西卷) A. away B. up C. in D. back
6. Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting. (2008 江 西卷) A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical
7. Not until the motorbike looked almost new ____repairing and cleaning it. (2008 陜西卷.) A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop
8. You’d better not invite him to the party because his parents won’t allow him _______ out late. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed
9. I’d like to take this _______ to thank everyone for their hard work on the project. A. time B. condition C. use D. opportunity
10. Which do you ______ most— wealth, health or fame? A. regard B. suit C. value D. choose
11. They have _______ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it? A. provided B. supplied C. showed D. offered
12. It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. get over
13. The captain ______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. A. made B. said C. put D. passed
14. Ideally _____ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests. (2008 年上海卷) A. locating located B. being located C. having been located D.
15. This year the policy about money the government are carrying on is _____. A. tight B. short C. tense D. nervous
16. Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly ______ to the terrible weather there. B. added C. adapted D. adopted
A. responded
17. The little boy kept on asking his mother to buy a toy car for him, and finally his mother _______. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave away D. gave out
18. As she entered the hall, we noticed her ______ a beautiful evening dress.
A. wearing
B. dressed
C. putting on
D. have on
19. You can eat food free in my restaurant ______ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. however D. whatever
20. Not only _______ the date fed into it, but it can also analyze them. A. can the computer memorize C. do the computer memorize B. the computer can memorize D. can memorize the computer
答案解析： 1-----5. A B A B A 11---15. D C A D A 6-----10. D B B D C 16-----20. C D A A A
1. 選 A。 句意是直到他弟弟指出他沒有開機(jī)，他一直認(rèn)為電腦壞了。 2. 選 B。 contain 表示“內(nèi)含，包含” ，collect 表示“收集” 。 3. 選 A。 mean to do 表示“企圖，意欲” ;mean doing 表示“意味著” 。 4. 選 B。 date from 表示“追溯到”一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 5. 選 A。 give away 表示“泄漏，透漏” 。 6. 選 D。 typical 表示“典型的” ，normal 正常的;ordinary 普通的;common 常見 的。 7. 選 B。 Not until 置于句首時(shí)，主句的語序用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 8. 選 B。 考查 allow sb. to do sth “允許某人做某事” 。 9. 選 D。 take the opportunity “利用機(jī)會(huì)，抓住機(jī)會(huì)” 。 10. 選 C。 value 用作動(dòng)詞表示“珍惜，看中” 。 11. 選 D。 offer 后跟雙賓語即 offer sb. sth 表示“提供給某人某物” 。 12. 選 C。 hand over 表示“傳遞” ，take over 表示“接管，接任” 。 13. 選 A。 考查 make an apology 表示“道歉” 。 14. 選 D。 be located in 表示“坐落于，位于” ，此處是過去分詞短語作狀語。 15. 選 A。 tight 表示“緊的” ，句意是今年政府執(zhí)行的是從緊的貨幣政策。 16. 選 C。 adapt to 表示“適應(yīng)” ;respond 反應(yīng)，adopt 采納，收養(yǎng) 。 17. 選 D。 give in 妥協(xié)，屈服;give away 泄漏;贈(zèng)送; give out 散發(fā)出 ;give up 放棄. 18. 選 A。 wearing 作動(dòng)詞 noticed 的賓補(bǔ)，表示穿著的狀態(tài)。 19. 選 A。 whenever 表示“無論何時(shí)” ，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 20. 選 A。 not only 置于句首時(shí)，要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
閱讀理解(共 5 小題) (08 年山東卷)
It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, ‘You should open a sandwich shop.’ ” That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn’t cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1000. But business didn’ go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, t we were doing poorly, but we didn’t know how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs. DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They’ d meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are opening a second store.’ And they did—in the spring ” of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error. But the partners’ learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers.“It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn’ necessary, t but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” DeLuca says. And having a goal was also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds. DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.
21. DeLuca opened the first sandwich shop in order to ____. A. support his family B. pay for his college education C. help his partner expand business
D. do some research
22. Which of the following is true of Buck? A. He put money into the sandwich business. B. He was a professor of business administration. C. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport. D. He rented a storefront for DeLuca.
23. What can we learn about their first shop? A. It stood at an unfavorable palace. B. It lowered the prices to promote sales. C. It made no profits due to poor management D. It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches
24. They decided to open a second store because they ___. A. had enough money to do it. B. had succeeded in their business C. wished to meet the increasing demand of customers D. wanted to make believe that they were successful
25. What contribute most to their success according to the author? A. Learning by trial and error. B. Making friends with suppliers. C. Finding a good partner. D. Opening chain stores.
答案解析： 21.B。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段關(guān)鍵句“ “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,”.” 可知其目的是為了支付大學(xué)的費(fèi)用。
22.A。 判斷正誤題。 由第二段關(guān)鍵句 “Buck wrote a check for $1000”和“Buck kicked in another $1000.” 可知是投資人， ， 他投入了很多運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)資金。 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 a professor of ? B
C 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 studying at ?.D 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 rented a ? 23.C。 推理判斷題。由第三段的內(nèi)容描述，But business didn’t go smoothly as they expected.DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didn’t know
how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.可判斷出他們的第一家商店由于經(jīng) 營(yíng)不善，以虧本失敗而告終。 24.D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are opening a second store.’可知他們之所以在開第二家商店主要就是為了向別人證明他們是能夠成功的。 25.A. 推理判斷題?？偨Y(jié)全文故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，根據(jù)第四段最后一句話“Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error.可推論出他們?nèi)〉贸晒Φ闹饕蛟谟谒麄兊膱?jiān) 持不懈，反復(fù)嘗試。
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目標(biāo)認(rèn)知 重點(diǎn)詞匯： scale, postpone, evolve, attach, date back to, give out conflict, restriction, fluency, appeal,
重點(diǎn)句型：not ?until 句型 語 法： 賓語
精講巧練 重點(diǎn)
詞匯 scale 【原句回放】 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】scale n. the size of sth. , especially when it is big 意為“大小，規(guī) 模”，on a large scale 表示“規(guī)模宏大的”，還表示“等級(jí);比例，尺度” 如：Any public demonstrations(游行)on a large scale without the permission of the city authorities is antisocial. The scale of this map is one centimeter to the kilometer. A machine for weighing people has a scale from one pound to 300 pounds on it. 【拓展】scales 表示“稱，天平”;scale 也用作動(dòng)詞，表示“攀越，爬越”，短語： scale up/ down 按比例逐步增加/減少， 如：Students scaled an 8-foot fence to enter the theatre. Such a big order means scaling up our production capacity. 【隨時(shí)練】 With the opportunity to survive becoming small, the search operation has been scaled down slowly at present. A. has been scaled down C. scaled up Key: B B. is being scaled down D. is scaling up
conflict
【原句回放】 Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease,?and conflicts with the local people. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】 conflict n. angry disagreement between people or groups 表示“沖突， 爭(zhēng)端”，常與介詞 between / over 連用， be in conflict with sb. 表示“與某人處于 爭(zhēng)執(zhí)中”。conflict 也用作動(dòng)詞， 表示“沖突;爭(zhēng)執(zhí)” 如：There is a conflict between the two sides of his personality. She is in conflict with her employer over sickness pay. The two stories conflicted, so I did not know what to believe. 【拓展】區(qū)別 conflict, fight, struggle 都含“戰(zhàn)斗” 、“ 斗爭(zhēng)”的意思。 ① conflict 指“由于嚴(yán)重不一致， 而引起抵觸或沖突”， 如：Their account of the causes of the war conflicts with ours. 他們對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)起因的報(bào)告與我們的報(bào)告相反。 ② fight 原義是“打仗”、“戰(zhàn)斗”， 指“任何形式的斗爭(zhēng)”， 特別強(qiáng)調(diào)“短兵相 接”， 如：The two boys fought. 兩個(gè)孩子動(dòng)手打起來了。 ③ struggle 本義是“掙扎”，指“克服某種障礙或困難， 以達(dá)到某種目的”，意味 著“處境難”， 如：They were struggling for peace. 他們?yōu)楹推蕉窢?zhēng)。 【隨時(shí)練】 In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _______in personality. A. contract B. contrast B. connection D. conflict
Key: D. 析：conflict 爭(zhēng)論，摩擦，沖突;contact 接觸，聯(lián)系，交往; contrast 對(duì)比;對(duì)照;connection 聯(lián)系，關(guān)系。
restriction 【原句回放】At that time, there were restrictions on the movement of Europeans and so ,?(P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】restriction n. the act of limiting or controlling someone or sth. 表 示“限制，約束”，短語 lift/ remove restrictions on 表示“解除對(duì)?的限制”， 如：The restriction of press freedom is seen as an abuse(侵犯)of human rights. We have been asking the government to lift the restrictions on food export. 【拓展】 restrict v. 表示“限制，限定”，restrict sth. to sth 表示“限制某人
某物”;restrictive adj. 表示“嚴(yán)格限制的”。 如：Doctors have restricted the number of visits to two per day. Travel is my dream, but a busy working life has restricted my opportunities. The current building regulations are very restrictive. 【隨時(shí)練】The county is facing restrictions ________ the use of water for irrigating crops. A.to Key: C B. with C. on D. toward
fluency 【原句回放】， in order to travel unnoticed, he developed his fluency in Chinese ? and dressed as a Chinese man, even shaving his head in the Chinese style. (P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】 fluency n. quality of speaking , writing in an easy smooth manner 表 示“流利，流暢”，with fluency 表示“流暢地, 滔滔不絕”， 如：Visitors were amazed at the students' conversational fluency in English. He speaks English with great fluency. 【拓展】fluent adj. 表示“流利的，熟練的”, be fluent in 表示“在某方面熟練 的”， fluently adv. “熟練地” 如： couldn’ imagine our prime minister was fluent in eight foreign languages. You t You speak more fluently than I. 【隨時(shí)練】 She speaks ________ though not very correct French. A. fluent Key: A B. fluently C. fluency D. with fluency
appeal 【原句回放】One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him. (P33) 【點(diǎn)撥】appeal vi. to be attractive or interesting to sb. 表示“(常與 to 連 用)吸引;引起興趣”，還表示“呼吁，懇請(qǐng)，上訴，訴諸”等， 如：Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you? The government is appealing to everyone to save water. The victims' families of the murder have appealed to the Supreme Court to have a definitive answer.
He appealed against the judge's decision. 【拓展】appeal 用作名詞，表示“呼吁，請(qǐng)求，吸引力”，常與介詞 for 連用，make an appeal 請(qǐng)求; 如：They have launched an appeal to send food to the flood victims. There have been several appeals for an end to the fighting. The old couple made an emotional appeal for his daughter to connect them. 【隨時(shí)練】The design ______all the ages and social groups is not easy to make. A. appealed to C. to be appealed to Key: D B. being appealed to D. appealing to
postpone 【原句回放】My parents suggested postponing our visit to the pyramid because we didn’t have enough time to see them before we left Egypt.(P35) 【點(diǎn)撥】postpone vt. to decide that sth. will not be done at the time when it was planned, or to delay 表示“推遲，延期”，postpone doing sth 表示“推遲做某事” 常與介詞 till/until/ to 連用， 如：We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th. The ball game was postponed because of the heavy rain. 【拓展】區(qū)別 delay/ postpone / put off 均含“推遲”、“延期”、“延緩”的意思。 ① delay 指“暫時(shí)阻撓或阻擋, 稍后可再繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”, 如：The steamer was delayed by bad weather. 汽輪因天氣不佳而延期。 ② postpone 是正式用語, 語義較強(qiáng), 指“有意識(shí)地延至將來某一特定時(shí)間”, 在多數(shù) 情況下, 后面說 明改在何時(shí)進(jìn)行, 如：The meeting has been postponed to Friday. 會(huì)議推遲到星期五舉行。 ③ put off 與 postpone 大致同義, 但較通俗口語化, 如：Let's put this off till some other time. 我們還是把這擱一擱, 以后再說 吧。 【隨時(shí)練】 We ‘ve had to postpone _________ to France because Adrian’s got an interview for a job that week. A. going Key: A B. go C. to go D. to going
evolve 【原句回放】Over time, many flowering plants and their animal pollinators have evolved together. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】evolve vi &vt. to develop naturally and gradually over a period of time 表示“ 發(fā)展，進(jìn)化”，常與介詞 from/ into 連用， 如：There was a debate as to whether birds evolved from dinosaurs. The British present political system has evolved over several centuries. 【拓展】evolution n. 表示“進(jìn)化(論),發(fā)展”，evolutionary adj. 表示“進(jìn)化的， 發(fā)展的”。 如：The space program is the evolution of years of research. The new fossil finds may tell us more about human evolution. 【隨時(shí)練】The developmental history of the society tells us that man has ___from the ape. A. involved Key: C B. dissolved C. evolved D. solved
attach 【原句回放】Pollen becomes attached to the animal during its visit to a flower and is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】 attach vt. to connect one thing to another 表示“系上，縛上，附加”， 常與介詞 to 連用，attach a label to 貼上標(biāo)簽， 如：There was a massage attached to the flowers. No blame attaches to him for the accident. We should attach primary importance to the development of economy. 【拓展】attached adj. 表示“連接的， 附加的”，attachment n. 表示“附件，愛 慕”。 如：She found herself growing deeply attached to the old lady. The hallway leads to a bathroom with bath and shower attachment. 【隨時(shí)練】 returning home, she found a note ______ to the door, reading: “ call On in later.” A. attaching Key: B B. attached C. attach D. being attached
date back to 【原句回放】Collecting “exotic” plants, as they are called, dates back to the earliest times. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】date back to 表示“追溯到，始于”，相當(dāng)于 date from, 常用于一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)，且無被動(dòng)語態(tài)， 如：These sculptures must date from the middle of the 7th century. 【拓展】date 用作動(dòng)詞，表示“在?寫上日期，確定?的年代”;out of date 表示 “過時(shí)的”，up to date 表示“新式的，時(shí)髦的” 如：The paintings haven’t yet been accurately dated by the museum’s experts. The new park provides up- to -date information , hands-on learning and lots of fun and excitement. 【隨時(shí)練】 The temple, which ______ back to the 17th century, is undergoing a complete mending. A. dates Key: A B. goes C. was made D. was built
give out 【原句回放】Smell: strong, sweet perfume, typically only given out at night. (P38) 【點(diǎn)撥】 give out vt. to produce sth. such as a sound or light, 表示“發(fā)出， 散發(fā)出”,還表示“分發(fā)，用盡，停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)” 如：The teacher gave out textbook to the students who ask for them. The new devices gives out very low noise. His heart finally gave out under the strain. 【拓展】相關(guān)短語：give away 泄漏;贈(zèng)送; give in 妥協(xié)，屈服;give off 散發(fā)出， 冒出;give up 放棄，停止， 如：The supermarket is giving away a box of sugar to everyone who comes today. The government has said all along that it will never give in to the terrorist threats. When they die, plants gives off gases such as carbon dioxide and methane(甲 烷). 【隨時(shí)練】 Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _______ the shocking ending.
A. give away Key: A
B. give out
C. give up
D. give off
重點(diǎn)句型 not ?until 句型 【原句回放 1】 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (P32) 【點(diǎn)撥】 not ?until 表示“直到?才，在?之前不”，只用于主句謂語是瞬間性動(dòng) 詞，如果主句謂語是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)則不用 not, 有時(shí) until 可以與 before 互換 ， 如： can't start the job until we have the approval from the authority concerned. We He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. Don’t promise him anything before we’ve had time to think about it. 【拓展】 ① 如果“not until?”結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時(shí)，主句的語序要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而 until 引導(dǎo)的 句子不倒裝， 如：Not until I left home did I begin to understand how kind my parents were. ② “not? until 句型”用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中“It was/ is not until ? that” 表示“直 到?才” 如：It was not until he told me that I knew about it. It was not until the 1880 that there were consistent experimental findings to support the theory. ③ 在 until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句若是一般將來時(shí)，從句往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 如：Don’t get off until the bus has stopped.
【鏈接高考】 【考例 1】It was _______ back home after the experiment. A.not until midnight did he go C. not until midnight that he went B. until midnight that he didn’t go D. until midnight when he didn’t go
【答案與解析】C。 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was not until ? that”。
【考例 2】“You can’t have the football back _______ you promise not to kick
it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. A.because B. since C. when D. until
【答案與解析】D. 句意是：直到你答應(yīng)不再用球打我的貓，否則你不會(huì)要回你的球， 這位老太太堅(jiān)定的說。
【考例 3】I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _______ on it for more than an hour. A.has been working C. will have been working B. will have worked D. had worked
【答案與解析】A. until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中， 主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句則用現(xiàn)在 時(shí)。
【考例 4】We are told that we should follow the main road ______ we reached the central railway station. A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever
【答案與解析】B. follow 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示“沿著，順著”，句意是“沿著那條公 路走直到到達(dá)中心火車站。
寫作進(jìn)行時(shí) 翻譯下文，盡量運(yùn)用本單元學(xué)過的詞匯及短語： 有一天在我和湯姆上學(xué)的路上，湯姆碰上了一次車禍，幸運(yùn)的是他沒有受傷，可是他的 自行車壞了，于是我用繩子把他的車子拴到我的車子上，這樣我們一塊朝學(xué)校騎去。當(dāng)然我 們的速度受到了限制，并且恐怕要遲到。我們之間也出現(xiàn)過爭(zhēng)吵，最后，直到上課了我們還 沒有到。然而，令我們高興的是老師并沒有懲罰我們而是表揚(yáng)了我們相互幫助。 寫作過程： (1)審題：______________________________________________ (2)列出相關(guān)詞匯短語：_______________________________________________. (3)謀篇：_______________________________________. (4)寫作：______________________________________ 答案： (1)審題：敘述一個(gè)故事，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (2) 列出相關(guān)詞匯短語： came across, conflict, break down, to our delight attach, restrict,
(3)謀篇：fortunately, though, so, not ?until , however
(4)范文： One day on my and Tom’s way to school ,Tom came across an accident. Fortunately, he was not injured at all, his bike broke down, though. So I had to attach my bike to Tom’s with a rope. In this way we made our way to the school. Of course , our speed was greatly restricted and we were afraid to be late. There were some conflicts between us on our way. At last we didn’t arrive at school until the class began. However, to our delight, our teacher praised us for our helping each other instead of punishing us. 解析： 1. 這篇作文用到很多本單元的知識(shí)點(diǎn)， came across, break down, attach, restrict, 如： conflict 以及本單元重點(diǎn)句型：not ?until 及幾組副詞。 2.在寫作過程的第二步(列出相關(guān)詞匯短語)，可以作為 brainstorm 的訓(xùn)練，列出所 有自己能想到的詞匯及短語，及連接詞等等。 3.為了得到高分，同學(xué)一定要注意長(zhǎng)短句的交替使用。如果第一句很長(zhǎng)，第二句一定 要盡量短。如果同學(xué)們有時(shí)間背誦新概念英語，對(duì)它的布局謀篇會(huì)有深刻的印象，對(duì)我們的 寫作會(huì)大有裨益。 4.精心選擇過渡語， 如： fortunately，though， in this way，of course， however 等
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)：
單項(xiàng)填空(20 題)
1. In the botanical garden we can find a(n) _______ of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. B. groups C. amount D. variety
A. species
2. This is a very special flower and it can _______ a strong sweet perfume at night. A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give out
3. The story tells of a classic conflict ______ love and duty. A. with B. between C. into D. on
4. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _______ I received the manager’s reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that
5.— Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? — Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when
6. They are so close friends and their friendship ________ college days. A. dates back to B. dates back C. dates to D. dates back from
7. — Can you give me some advice about the design? — I think it should _______ to all ages and social groups. A. appear B. appeal C. suit D. fit
8. The government not only ____ the refugees(難民)houses to live in, but also _____ them with food and clothes. A. offered; offered C. provided; offered B. provided; provided D. offered; provided
9. ______, he would come in late and then say he was sorry. A. Eventually B. Typically C. Particularly D. Especially
10. There was a nice little present for everyone, with a suitable poem _______ to it. A. attached B. attacked C. attracted D. attributed
11. — Please ______ your passport. — I’m sorry, but I _______ in my home. A. show me; left it C. show me; forgot it B. show to me; left it D. show to me; forgot it
12. According to recent reports, one of the rare animals, ____ crocodile, is in ____ danger of dying out. A. a; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
13. --- Did you have any difficulty catching yesterday’s lecture? --- No. The professor spoke very clearly to make his speech easy ____. A. understood C. understanding B. understand D. to understand
14. The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighbouring districts has to be ________. A. weakened B. omitted C. restricted D. lowered
15. --- Is Alice playing both basketball and tennis for your school? --- She ____. But now she has given up playing basketball. A. is B. has C. was D. had
16. All the children on the playground stared up into the sky until the noise of the plane____. A. gave up B. took off C. went out D. died away
17. ____ in the care of his grandmother, Ted grew to be a boy with very good manners. A. Leaving C. To leave B. To be left D. Left
18. --- Do you think living in the country has advantages? --- ____. A. Yes, perfectly C. Well, that depends B. Yes, it is D. Nothing at all
19. ____ surprises us most is that she doesn’t even know ____ the difference between the two lies. A. What; where C. What; what B. What; which D. That; where
20. If you _______ a mistake in reviewing the report, please bring it to my attention.
A. come along
B. come across
C. come around to
D. come about
答案解析： 1.選 D。a variety of 各種各樣的; species 前面不能加 a, group 意思是“讓” ; amount 表示“量” 。 2.選 C。 give out 發(fā)出，放出光、熱、氣味等;give in 屈服，讓步;give up 放棄; give over 交付，托付。 3.選 B。 a conflict between ?表示“?之間的沖突” 。 4.選 D。 此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)用 not until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，即“It is / was not until??that??” 。 5.選 C。 考查“not ?until 句型”表示“直到?才” 。 6.選 A。 date back to 或 date from 表示“從??開始，始于??時(shí)間，追溯到??” 。 7.選 B。 appeal to sb. 對(duì)??有吸引力,句意：設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)當(dāng)雅俗共賞，老少皆宜。 appear 看起來好像是;suit, fit 是及物動(dòng)詞，不與 to 連用。 8.選 D。 offer 與 provide 的用法分別為：offer 后跟雙賓語，即：offer sb. sth.; provide 要用下列形式：provide sb. with sth. 和 provide sth. for sb.。 9.選 B。 eventually 最后,終于;typically 典型地，典型的做法是;particularly 特別地;especially 尤其地;特別地;句意：典型的做法是，他會(huì)來晚然后說對(duì)不起。 10.選 A。 attach (to) 附加， 系上， 附上， attack 襲擊， 攻擊; attract 吸引; attribute 把 ??歸功于，是由于??。 11.選 A。 show 后要跟雙賓語， 即 show sb. sth. ;把??忘在哪兒要用 “forget sth. + 介詞+地點(diǎn)。 ” 12.選 D。 考查冠詞。be in danger of 為固定短語，意為“有??危險(xiǎn)的” 。 13.選 D。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處應(yīng)用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 14.選 C。 restrict the supply 表示“限制供應(yīng)” 。 15.選 C。 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，Alice 過去打籃球和網(wǎng)球，但現(xiàn)在已放棄，故此 空用一般過去時(shí)。 16.選 D。 考查動(dòng)詞短語。die away 表示“ (風(fēng)、聲音等)漸息，漸弱” 。 17.選 D。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 過去分詞短語作原因狀語， 相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句 Because he was left in the care of his grandmother.
18.選 C。 考查交際用語。that depends 表示“視情況而定” 。 19.選 A。 考查名詞性從句。 第一空用 what 引導(dǎo)主語從句;第二空用 where 引導(dǎo)賓語 從句。 20.選 B。 come across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)或遇見;come along 到達(dá)，出現(xiàn);come around to
轉(zhuǎn)變成與某人一致的意見;come about 發(fā)生。
詞海拾貝(原精讀課文縮寫)
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容用合適的單詞填空。 Although even ancient civilizations saw the value of bringing back plants from ______ lands and the first human plant collecting expedition ______ in history was around 1500 BC, the exploration of the botanical world did not begin ________ until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At that time, the European middle class ________ in collecting new plants . Brave young men took the _______of going on botanical expeditions, in spite of many dangers, including _______ with the local people. In the 1740s, one French Catholic missionary collected seeds of trees and bushes, _______ those of the Tree of Heaven in Beijing, China. The seeds arrived in England in 1751 and plants from these seeds were grown all over the world soon. It was an enormous _______ to keep plants alive during the long land trips or sea _______. Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after the long journey between Asia and Europe. It was Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention, the Wardian case, ________ allowed plants to be transported _______ on long journeys. Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors to use Wardian cases. He even made it possible to _______ a successful tea industry in India by shipping 20,000 tea plants there from China. During the second half of the nineteenth century, many Catholic missionaries were sent to China from France. They _______ the study of the natural science and many of them knew a lot about plants and animals. Their expeditions _________ huge plant collections being sent back to France. In 1897, Father Farges collected and sent back to France 37 seeds from a dove tree that had ________ him but only one seed grew! 答案解析： 1. distant interest 5. opportunity 9. voyages 13. valued 6. conflicts 10. that 14. resulted in 7. including 11. safe 15. appealed to 8. challenge 12. establish 2. recorded 3. on a large scale 4. took great
單句改錯(cuò)
1. The pine trees date back to 2,000years ago has been included in the Guinness Book of World Records.
2. The first plant collected expedition in history happened around 1500 BC. 3. The attraction to exotic plants increased as European countries arrived at some other Asia countries.
4. Brave enough young man took the opportunity of going on botanical expedition, faced many dangers. 5. The species that they took from China were introduced in North America later. 6. The purpose of the trip for them is record the plants and animals they met. 7. They collected examples wherever they landed on a distant island. 8. Keep plants alive during the sea voyage became an enormous challenge. 9. These plants were allowed transporting on long journeys because of the invention. 10. Their expedition resulted from huge plant collections, which were sent to France.
答案解析： 1. date 改為 dating, 此處用 date bake to 的-ing 形式作定語，修飾名詞 The pine trees。 2. collected 改為 collecting, a plant collecting expedition 表示“搜尋植物探 險(xiǎn) 隊(duì) ” plant 與 collect 之 間 是 動(dòng) 賓 關(guān) 系 ， 如 a paper-making factory 造 紙 廠 ; Tree-planting Day 植樹節(jié)。 3. Asia 改為 Asian, 表示“亞洲國(guó)家”時(shí)須用其形容詞形式。 4. faced 改為 facing, 此處表主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 5. were 改為 was, species 作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，類似的還用 series, means, physics 等。 6. record 前加 to, to do 不定式作表語。 7. wherever 改為 whenever, 表示“無論什么時(shí)候登上島嶼“。 8. keep 改為 Keeping, -ing 形式作主語。 9. transporting 改為 to transport, 考查 be allowed to do sth. 表示“被允許做 某事” 。 10. from 改為 in, result in 表示 “導(dǎo)致， 產(chǎn)生結(jié)果” 而 result from 表示 ， “由于?” 。
能力提升：
單項(xiàng)填空(共 20 小題)
從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1. Simon thought his computer was broken _____ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A. until B. unless C. after D. because
2. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _______.(08 全國(guó)卷 II) A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved
3. — Look! What have you done to the fish? — I’m sorry. I didn’t mean _______ the bowl. A. to ruin B. ruining C. to be ruined D. being ruining
4. These old buildings possibly _______ the Ming period. A. are dated back to C. are dated from B. date from D. dated back to
5. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ______ during the day. (2008 江西卷) A. away B. up C. in D. back
6. Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting. (2008 江 西卷) A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical
7. Not until the motorbike looked almost new ____repairing and cleaning it. (2008 陜西卷.) A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop
8. You’d better not invite him to the party because his parents won’t allow him _______ out late. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed
9. I’d like to take this _______ to thank everyone for their hard work on the project. A. time B. condition C. use D. opportunity
10. Which do you ______ most— wealth, health or fame? A. regard B. suit C. value D. choose
11. They have _______ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it? A. provided B. supplied C. showed D. offered
12. It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. get over
13. The captain ______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. A. made B. said C. put D. passed
14. Ideally _____ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests. (2008 年上海卷) A. locating located B. being located C. having been located D.
15. This year the policy about money the government are carrying on is _____. A. tight B. short C. tense D. nervous
16. Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly ______ to the terrible weather there. B. added C. adapted D. adopted
A. responded
17. The little boy kept on asking his mother to buy a toy car for him, and finally his mother _______. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave away D. gave out
18. As she entered the hall, we noticed her ______ a beautiful evening dress.
A. wearing
B. dressed
C. putting on
D. have on
19. You can eat food free in my restaurant ______ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. however D. whatever
20. Not only _______ the date fed into it, but it can also analyze them. A. can the computer memorize C. do the computer memorize B. the computer can memorize D. can memorize the computer
答案解析： 1-----5. A B A B A 11---15. D C A D A 6-----10. D B B D C 16-----20. C D A A A
1. 選 A。 句意是直到他弟弟指出他沒有開機(jī)，他一直認(rèn)為電腦壞了。 2. 選 B。 contain 表示“內(nèi)含，包含” ，collect 表示“收集” 。 3. 選 A。 mean to do 表示“企圖，意欲” ;mean doing 表示“意味著” 。 4. 選 B。 date from 表示“追溯到”一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 5. 選 A。 give away 表示“泄漏，透漏” 。 6. 選 D。 typical 表示“典型的” ，normal 正常的;ordinary 普通的;common 常見 的。 7. 選 B。 Not until 置于句首時(shí)，主句的語序用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 8. 選 B。 考查 allow sb. to do sth “允許某人做某事” 。 9. 選 D。 take the opportunity “利用機(jī)會(huì)，抓住機(jī)會(huì)” 。 10. 選 C。 value 用作動(dòng)詞表示“珍惜，看中” 。 11. 選 D。 offer 后跟雙賓語即 offer sb. sth 表示“提供給某人某物” 。 12. 選 C。 hand over 表示“傳遞” ，take over 表示“接管，接任” 。 13. 選 A。 考查 make an apology 表示“道歉” 。 14. 選 D。 be located in 表示“坐落于，位于” ，此處是過去分詞短語作狀語。 15. 選 A。 tight 表示“緊的” ，句意是今年政府執(zhí)行的是從緊的貨幣政策。 16. 選 C。 adapt to 表示“適應(yīng)” ;respond 反應(yīng)，adopt 采納，收養(yǎng) 。 17. 選 D。 give in 妥協(xié)，屈服;give away 泄漏;贈(zèng)送; give out 散發(fā)出 ;give up 放棄. 18. 選 A。 wearing 作動(dòng)詞 noticed 的賓補(bǔ)，表示穿著的狀態(tài)。 19. 選 A。 whenever 表示“無論何時(shí)” ，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 20. 選 A。 not only 置于句首時(shí)，要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
閱讀理解(共 5 小題) (08 年山東卷)
It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, ‘You should open a sandwich shop.’ ” That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn’t cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1000. But business didn’ go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, t we were doing poorly, but we didn’t know how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs. DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They’ d meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are opening a second store.’ And they did—in the spring ” of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error. But the partners’ learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers.“It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn’ necessary, t but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” DeLuca says. And having a goal was also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds. DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.
21. DeLuca opened the first sandwich shop in order to ____. A. support his family B. pay for his college education C. help his partner expand business
D. do some research
22. Which of the following is true of Buck? A. He put money into the sandwich business. B. He was a professor of business administration. C. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport. D. He rented a storefront for DeLuca.
23. What can we learn about their first shop? A. It stood at an unfavorable palace. B. It lowered the prices to promote sales. C. It made no profits due to poor management D. It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches
24. They decided to open a second store because they ___. A. had enough money to do it. B. had succeeded in their business C. wished to meet the increasing demand of customers D. wanted to make believe that they were successful
25. What contribute most to their success according to the author? A. Learning by trial and error. B. Making friends with suppliers. C. Finding a good partner. D. Opening chain stores.
答案解析： 21.B。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段關(guān)鍵句“ “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,”.” 可知其目的是為了支付大學(xué)的費(fèi)用。
22.A。 判斷正誤題。 由第二段關(guān)鍵句 “Buck wrote a check for $1000”和“Buck kicked in another $1000.” 可知是投資人， ， 他投入了很多運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)資金。 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 a professor of ? B
C 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 studying at ?.D 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 rented a ? 23.C。 推理判斷題。由第三段的內(nèi)容描述，But business didn’t go smoothly as they expected.DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didn’t know
how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.可判斷出他們的第一家商店由于經(jīng) 營(yíng)不善，以虧本失敗而告終。 24.D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are opening a second store.’可知他們之所以在開第二家商店主要就是為了向別人證明他們是能夠成功的。 25.A. 推理判斷題?？偨Y(jié)全文故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，根據(jù)第四段最后一句話“Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error.可推論出他們?nèi)〉贸晒Φ闹饕蛟谟谒麄兊膱?jiān) 持不懈，反復(fù)嘗試。
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教案設(shè)計(jì)頻道小編推薦：高中英語教案 | 高三英語教案 | 高三英語教學(xué)計(jì)劃