柏林自由大學是德國一所著名的大學，在今年的QS權威世界大學排名中排在第123位。和德國的哲學一樣，柏林自由大學秉承嚴肅的學風。以下是出國留學網(wǎng)為大家整理并翻譯的柏林自由大學課程介紹介紹，主要是本科階段課程結構的介紹，希望對有意留學德國的學生有幫助。
一、What are bachelor’s degree programs?
The bachelor’s degree is the standard degree awarded by German and european higher education institutions. With a bachelor’s degree, you can apply for admission to a suitable master’s degree program practically anywhere in the world.
什么是學士學位項目
學士學位是德國和歐洲高等教育機構授予的標準學位。持有學士學位，可以申請世界各地的碩士學習項目入學。
Bachelor’s degree programs in the sciences, economics, computer science, mathematics, and psychology at Freie Universität Berlin lead to the degree of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.), while all other bachelor’s degree programs culminate in the degree of Bachelor of Arts (B.A.). The term “science” applies primarily to the sciences, while “arts,” as in the Magister Artium degree, follows the tradition of the “liberal arts” handed down from the Middle Ages. Today, this category typically includes all of the humanities and the social sciences.
在柏林自由大學，科學、經(jīng)濟學、計算機科學、數(shù)學和物理學學士學位項目構成理科學士學位;其他的學士學位項目則構成文科學士學位。“science”這個術語適用于科學學科，而“arts”一詞 適用于中世紀傳統(tǒng)中的“人文學科”。如今，arts基本囊括了所有人文學科和社會科學學科。
Combination bachelor’s degree programs
The structure of a bachelor’s or master’s degree program varies according to subject (or subject combination) and by institution. About half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universität are combination bachelor’s degree programs, which comprise a core subject (typically 90 credits) and one or two separate modules (one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules). The only exception is Judaistik with 120-LP + 30-LP. Students can choose their modules from a broad range of subjects unless a specific combination is required. Candidates are admitted separately to the core subject and module or modules (for modules: 80% depending on the quality of the average grade, 20% according to wait time), but students can only enroll for all of the components of the program together at the same time.
組合學士學位項目
學士或碩士學位項目的結構因?qū)W科(學科組合)和機構而異。在柏林自由大學，大約一半的學士學位項目屬于組合學士學位項目，包括一門核心科目(一般占90個學分)和一到二個獨立模塊(一個60學分模塊或兩個30學分模塊)。唯一的例外的猶太研究(120-LP + 30-LP)。除非有特定組合要求，學生可以從諸多學科中選擇模塊。候選人分次入選核心科目和模塊(對于模塊的申請，80%取決于平均成績的高低，20%取決于等待時間)，但可以同時注冊核心科目和模塊。
“Mono” (single-subject) bachelor’s degree programs
The other half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universität are “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree programs. In addition to the core subject applied for, students also study related areas or related modules, which, unlike the separate modules included in the combination bachelor’s degree programs, do not require additional admission. Students also take 30 credits of general professional skills courses in every combination and mono bachelor’s degree program; no application or request is required for this area.
單一科目學士學位項目
柏林自由大學另一半的學士學位項目是單一科目學士學位項目。除了學習所申請的核心科目，學生也學習相關領域或相關模塊。但不同于組合學士學位項目中的獨立孤立模塊。這些相關模塊不要求另外入學。組合學位項目和單一學位項目的學生都要學習30個學分的一般專業(yè)技能課程，一般專業(yè)技能課程不需申請，也沒有特別的要求。
二、Academic program structure
Bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universität typically last six semesters (exceptions: Italian Studies, French Studies, both of which last seven semesters and Japan Studies, Korean Studies wich last eight semesters). Almost all programs begin in the winter semester only.
學術項目結構
柏林自由大學的學士學位項目通常有六個學期：意大利研究和法國研究例外，它們都持續(xù)七個學期;日本研究和韓國研究也例外，有八個學期。幾乎所有項目只在冬季學期開課。
All academic courses are combined into modules, which are generally completed when a student takes a graded module exam (which may consist of several sections). There is no single large final examination; instead, the module exams are automatically considered part of the bachelor’s degree examination (Bachelor-Prüfung), and all module exam grades are counted toward the overall grade on the bachelor’s degree exam. As a result, most courses in the bachelor’s degree programs are required courses that demand regular, active participation.
所有專業(yè)課程由兩個模塊組成，學生參加分級模塊考試(由七個部分組成)之后就算完成。沒有單一的期末考試;相反，模塊考試自動算作學士學位考試的一部分，并且所有模塊考試成績會計入學士學位考試的總成績中。這樣一來，大部分學士學位項目課程都是必修課，要求學生定期積極參與。
Credits are awarded for the efforts a student has invested toward a module after the exam in that module is passed: One credit under the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) is equivalent to 30 hours of work on that subject by the student (class attendance, self-study, preparing for module exams, time spent taking exams, required professional internships, etc.).
模塊考試結束之后，根據(jù)學生在模塊中投入的努力給予學分。歐洲學分轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng)下的一個學分相當于學生在相關科目上的30個學時。包括出勤、自學、模塊考試準備、考試用時、必修專業(yè)實習等。
A six-semester program always comprises 180 credits, which means students should plan on earning an average of 30 credits each semester. In this system, the amount of time a student needs is 30 x 30 = 900 hours over six months (no teaching activity, or vorlesungsfreie Zeit, is not the same as a semester break (Semesterferien), but instead is time set aside for exams, block courses, internships, etc.).
六個學期的項目占180個學分，也就是說學生平均每個學期應該計劃拿30個學分。在這一體制中，學生在半年里總共花的時間是900個小時。(沒有教學活動不等于放假，相反，這段時間用于考試、短期課程和實習。)
The sequence of classes (Studienverlaufsplan) is shown in the appendix to the study regulations for each discipline. This chart shows which modules should be completed during which semesters (many course sequences start only in the winter semester and are taken over two consecutive semesters).
課程順序附于每門學科的學習規(guī)章中。附錄對哪個學期要上哪個模塊有說明(大部分課程只在冬季學期開課，并且連上兩個學期)。
In the core subject, the student writes a bachelor’s degree thesis, which is typically about 25 pages long and must be prepared within eight weeks; sometimes there is also a thirty-minute oral examination on the content of the student’s paper.
在核心科目中，學生需要寫學士學位論文。論文長度一般為25頁，必須在八周之內(nèi)準備好;有時會有關于學生論文內(nèi)容的30分鐘口語考試。
三、Separate modules, modules, related areas – what’s the difference?
Not all bachelor’s degree programs involve separate modules like in the combination type, but every program does involve modules of some kind.
獨立模塊、模塊和相關領域有什么區(qū)別
不是所有學士學位項目都想組合學位項目那樣有獨立模塊，但每個項目都涉及一定形式的模塊。
Bachelor’s degree programs follow a modular structure, which means that the individual courses are bundled together into modules, each of which is completed with a module exam.
學士學位項目采用模塊結構，也就是說，單門課程結合在一起組成模塊，單門課程通過模塊考試完成。
Separate modules, called Modulangebote, are components of the combination bachelor’s degree program. The core subject is combined with either one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules.
獨立模塊也叫Modulangebote，是組合學士學位項目的組成要素。核心科目與占60學分的單個模塊或占30學分的兩個模塊結合。
Related areas or related modules (affine Bereiche, affine Module) can be components of a “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree program. The content studied in these areas should generally have some relation to the core subject and should supplement the subject-specific profile of the program in which the student is enrolled. If the study regulations allot 30 credits to related modules, the student may also be able to select a 30-credit separate module (Modulangebot); in this case, however, there must be space left for mono bachelor’s students who wish to enroll in the module after all combination bachelor’s students have been admitted. Mono bachelor’s students are also required to have met any necessary prerequisites (such as prior language skills).
相關領域或相關模塊可以是單一科目學士學位項目的構成要素。相關模塊的學習內(nèi)容一般與核心科目有關，并作為學生注冊的特定學科項目的補充。如果學習規(guī)章規(guī)定相關模塊占30個學分，學生還可以選修一個占30學分的獨立模塊。不過，在這種情況下，需要在所有組合學士學生入學之后，為有意注冊獨立模塊的單一學士學生留有名額。單一學士學生同時還需要滿足任何要求的前提條件，比如先前語言技能。
Students apply to the appropriate department administration for admission to related modules; this should take place in coordination with the academic advising service for the core subject. Students are not generally permitted to attend individual courses without a written notice from the department regarding admission to the module.
學生需要向相關系級管理申請，才能入學相關模塊;這應該和核心科目的專業(yè)指導服務同步。持有模塊入學管理部門開具的書面通知，才能上單門課程。
四、General professional skills studies
All bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universität include a mandatory 30 credits of general professional skills studies, which are available in two different types:
1.General professional skills courses (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) and
2.Teaching-related professional courses (Lehramtsbezogene Berufswissenschaft, abbreviated LBW).
Both types are subject to their own study and examination regulations.
一般專業(yè)技能學習
柏林自由大學的所有學士學位項目都包含占30個必修學分的一般專業(yè)技能學習。一般專業(yè)技能學習分為兩個不同的類型：
1.一般專業(yè)技能課程
2.教學相關專業(yè)課程。
兩種類型各有自己的學習和考試制度。
Students who are enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs in combinations that permit them to keep the option of becomming a teacher and wish to do so are required to take teaching-related professional courses (LBW courses). In all other cases, students enroll in general professional skills courses (ABV courses).
注冊組合學士學位項目且有意當教師的學生，需要上教學相關專業(yè)課程。所有其它情況的學生，上一般專業(yè)技能課程。
Please note: Students are not eligible for the option to become a teacher if they take ABV courses rather than LBW courses in a combination of subjects that would be relevant for a teaching option. It is possible to switch from LBW to ABV courses by arrangement with the board of examiners for the core subject, since LBW modules are eligible for ABV credit. By contrast, it is not possible to switch from ABV to LBW, since the general professional skills profile of the teaching-related modules has no equivalent among the ABV courses.
請注意：在與教學相關的組合學科中選一般專業(yè)技能課程而不選教學相關專業(yè)課程的學生，沒有資格選擇教師選擇。由于教學相關專業(yè)課程模塊學分可以轉(zhuǎn)為一般專業(yè)技能課程學分，學生可以和核心科目考試團協(xié)商，從教學相關專業(yè)課程轉(zhuǎn)入一般專業(yè)課程。相反，不可以從一般專業(yè)課程轉(zhuǎn)入教學相關專業(yè)課程，因為一般專業(yè)技能教學相關模塊在教學相關專業(yè)課程中沒有同等課程。
Since students do not enroll separately for ABV and LBW courses, students must be careful to choose the right area and register on time for the appropriate modules.
由于教學相關專業(yè)課程和一般專業(yè)課程不需要分別注冊，學生必須謹慎選擇，以便選到正確的領域，及時注冊適當?shù)哪K。
General professional skills (ABV) courses
General professional skills (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) courses include a mandatory professional internship and modules that can be chosen from the following skill areas or, if permitted under the study regulations, from additional qualifications related to the subject.
一般專業(yè)技能課程
一般專業(yè)技能課程包括必修專業(yè)實習和可以從以下技能領域選擇的模塊(如果學習規(guī)章允許，可以從學科相關其他證書中選)：
ABV skill areas:
Foreign languages
Information and media skills
Gender and diversity awareness
Organizational and management skills
Communications skills
Subject-related additional qualifications
Professional internship
一般專業(yè)技能課程技能領域包括：外國語言，信息和媒體技術，性別和多元意識，組織管理技能，溝通技能，學科相關其他證書，專業(yè)實習。
Teaching-related professional (LBW) courses
LBW courses introduce students to the fundamental issues of education, teaching, and schooling. Students enrolled in these courses should explore the school setting as a future career field and learn to reflect on their practical experiences with the guidance of theory. Students also learn the basics of how to teach and learn the specific content of the subject-specific academic modules.
教學相關專業(yè)課程
教學相關專業(yè)課程向?qū)W生介紹教育、教學和學校教育中的基本問題。作為未來職業(yè)方向，注冊這些課程的學生需要探索學校設置，學會在理論的指導下反思自己的實踐經(jīng)驗。此外，學生需要學習基本的教學法，學習特定科目專業(yè)模塊的特定內(nèi)容。