荷蘭高等質(zhì)量高，很大程度得益于它有完善的學(xué)位制度。去荷蘭留學(xué)，不僅可以拿常見(jiàn)的本科、碩士和博士學(xué)位，還可以拿兩年制的本科專業(yè)文憑和相當(dāng)于博士水準(zhǔn)的專業(yè)工程博士學(xué)位。每種學(xué)位各有自己的課程設(shè)置和學(xué)分要求，了解它們，對(duì)留學(xué)準(zhǔn)備是很有幫助的。下面就和出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)一起來(lái)看看吧!
Holland has a wide variety of study programmes leading to various types of degrees.If you enrol in a higher education programme in Holland, you will obtain a bachelor’s degree after finishing the undergraduate phase, and a master’s degree after finishing the graduate phase.
荷蘭有諸多學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目，有各種類型的學(xué)位。
如果你注冊(cè)荷蘭的高等教育項(xiàng)目，在完成本科階段的學(xué)習(xí)之后你將拿到學(xué)士學(xué)位，完成研究所階段的學(xué)習(xí)之后你可以拿到碩士學(xué)位。
Research universities and universities of applied sciences award both bachelor's and master's degrees. Institutes for International Education offer master’s programmes, but no bachelor’s programmes.
If you want to continue after your master's to get a PhD degree, you have to go to a research university.
研究型大學(xué)和應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)都頒發(fā)學(xué)士學(xué)位和碩士學(xué)位。國(guó)際教育機(jī)構(gòu)提供碩士課程，但不提供學(xué)士課程。
完成碩士學(xué)習(xí)之后如果你還想繼續(xù)攻讀博士學(xué)位，你就需要讀研究型大學(xué)。
|
Type of institution |
Degrees and duration |
|
Research universities |
Bachelor of Science (BSc): 3 years |
|
|
Bachelor of Arts (BA): 3 years |
|
|
Master of Science (MSc): 1-2 years |
|
|
Master of Arts (MA): 1-2 years |
|
|
PDEng: 2 years |
|
|
PhD: 4 years |
|
Universities of applied sciences |
Associate (Ad): 2 years |
|
|
Bachelor (B): 4 years |
|
|
Master (M): 1-2 years |
|
Institutes for international education |
Master of Science (MSc): 1-2 years |
|
|
Master of Arts (MA): 1-2 years |
|
|
PhD (only possible at 1 institute): duration is flexible |
|
機(jī)構(gòu)類型 |
學(xué)位和時(shí)限 |
|
研究型大學(xué) |
理科學(xué)士: 3年 |
|
|
文科學(xué)士: 3年 |
|
|
理科碩士: 1-2年 |
|
|
文科碩士: 1-2年 |
|
|
專業(yè)工程博士: 2年 |
|
|
博士: 4年 |
|
應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué) |
專科學(xué)位: 2年 |
|
|
學(xué)士: 4年 |
|
|
碩士: 1-2年 |
|
國(guó)際教育機(jī)構(gòu) |
理科碩士: 1-2年 |
|
|
文科碩士: 1-2年 |
|
|
博士 (只可以在一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)): 時(shí)限不定 |
1.Associate
Universities of applied sciences provide short-cycle professional higher education leading to the associate degree. It is a relatively new type of higher education that is offered during the first two years of some bachelor’s programmes in higher professional education.
1.專科
應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)提供?？茖W(xué)位短期職業(yè)高等教育。這是一種相對(duì)新穎的高等教育類型，在高等教育的某些學(xué)士項(xiàng)目的前兩年中提供有。
Currently almost 60 associate degree programmes are available in the specialisations Behaviour and Society, Health care, Engineering, Economics, Agriculture and the Natural Environment and Language and Culture.
目前，行為與社會(huì)、醫(yī)療、工程、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、農(nóng)業(yè)與自然環(huán)境、語(yǔ)言與文化等專業(yè)方向開(kāi)設(shè)有近60個(gè)?？茖W(xué)位。
An associate degree in the applied arts and sciences requires 120 credits (two years), and students who complete the two-year programme can continue studying for a bachelor’s degree in the applied arts and sciences.
應(yīng)用藝術(shù)與學(xué)科的專科學(xué)位要求120個(gè)學(xué)分(兩年)，完成該兩年制課程的學(xué)生可以繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用技術(shù)與科學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
2 years |
120 |
Associate Degree (Ad) |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
2年 |
120 |
專科學(xué)位 |
2.Bachelor's
You can get a bachelor’s degree at a research university or at a university of applied sciences: there are plenty of options to find the programme that suits you best.
Bachelor’s at universities of applied sciences
2.學(xué)士
可以在研究型大學(xué)獲取學(xué)士學(xué)位，可以在應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)獲取：有很多選項(xiàng)供你選擇，供你找到最適合自己的課程。
At universities of applied sciences you can enrol in bachelor’s programmes in a broad range of disciplines, such as economics, health care, fine arts, agriculture and so on. Within each discipline there is a large variety of programmes, which can vary in content from one institution to the next.
在應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)，你可以注冊(cè)諸多學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的學(xué)士課程，比如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、醫(yī)療、美術(shù)、農(nóng)業(yè)等。每個(gè)學(xué)科內(nèi)部又有諸多課程，每個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的課程內(nèi)容不盡一樣。
Universities of applied sciences have a great deal of freedom in determining the content and structure of their programmes. This has led to the introduction of honours programmes for talented students, of majors and minors, and dual programmes, in which you study for a while and then work for a period of time. Most bachelor’s programmes are structured around a first year (propedeuse), followed by the main phase of three years.
應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)在課程內(nèi)容與課程結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)置方面有極大的自由。有為優(yōu)秀學(xué)生設(shè)置的榮譽(yù)課程，有主修和副修，還有雙重課程——在雙重課程里你可以先學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間，然后工作一段時(shí)間。大多數(shù)學(xué)士課程圍繞第一學(xué)年展開(kāi)，然后進(jìn)入三年的主要階段。
The focus of the programmes is on providing you with the necessary skills and competencies for a job in a specific field. This means that you will get practical, hands-on experience through internships, in addition to classroom instruction, working on projects and group assignments. After obtaining a bachelor's degree you can enroll in a master's programme or you can start working in your field of study.
課程的重點(diǎn)在于為你提供特定工作必需的技能和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。這意味著你將參與實(shí)習(xí)，親自獲取實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而不只是參與課程學(xué)習(xí)、完成小組作業(yè)。拿到學(xué)士學(xué)位之后嗎，你可以注冊(cè)碩士課程，也可以開(kāi)始從事專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的工作。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
4 years |
240 |
Bachelor of [field of study] for example Bachelor of Engineering, B Eng |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
4 年 |
240 |
專業(yè)學(xué)士，比如工程學(xué)士 |
Bachelor’s at research-oriented universities
At research universities you can enrol in bachelor’s programmes in a range of disciplines, such as economics, behavioural and social sciences, language and culture, engineering/technology, natural sciences, law or medical sciences. You can also choose an interdisciplinary programme in liberal arts: these programmes are offered by several university colleges around the country.
研究型大學(xué)學(xué)士
在研究型大學(xué)，你可以注冊(cè)諸多學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的課程，比如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、行為與社會(huì)科學(xué)、語(yǔ)言與文化、工程技術(shù)、自然科學(xué)、法律、醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)。你也可以選擇文科方面的跨學(xué)科課程：這些大學(xué)由荷蘭的少數(shù)幾所大學(xué)提供。
The purpose of research-oriented bachelor’s programmes is to prepare you for further study as well as employment and to teach you the academic and scientific skills associated with a traditional, academic university programme.
研究型學(xué)士課程的目的在于為你準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)和就業(yè)，教授傳統(tǒng)學(xué)術(shù)大學(xué)課程相關(guān)的專業(yè)技能和科學(xué)技能。
The content of the programmes can vary from broad to very specialised. At some institutions you need to complete both a major and a minor subject. At almost all bachelor’s programmes you need to do a course in research methodology and a bachelor’s thesis. After completing your bachelor's degree, you can continue studying for a master's degree, or you can start working in your field of study.
課程范圍可以很廣，也可以只涉及某個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容。某些大學(xué)要求你同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)主修和副修。幾乎所有學(xué)士項(xiàng)目都要求你學(xué)習(xí)方法論研究課程，要求寫學(xué)士論文。完成學(xué)士學(xué)位之后，你可以繼續(xù)攻讀碩士學(xué)位，也可以從事專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的工作。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
3 years |
180 |
Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science (BA/BSc), depending on the discipline. |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
3 年 |
180 |
文科學(xué)士或理科學(xué)士，取決于學(xué)科 |
3.Master's
Master’s at universities of applied sciences
The primary goal of master’s programmes offered by universities of applied sciences is to increase your knowledge and professional expertise at the graduate level. The focus is on further improving your professional competence, clinical and analytical skills and preparing you for managerial and leadership positions in a particular field.
碩士
應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)碩士
應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)碩士項(xiàng)目的主要目標(biāo)是增加你研究所階段的知識(shí)和專業(yè)技能。焦點(diǎn)在于進(jìn)一步提供你的專業(yè)能力、臨床技能和分析技能，為你在特定領(lǐng)域的管理職位和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位做準(zhǔn)備。
Some programmes are full-time, but the majority are given part-time, as you will usually need to be employed in the specific profession already. This allows you to apply classroom theory to daily practice, and to bring real-life experience back to the classroom, to discuss with your teachers and fellow students.
某些項(xiàng)目是全日制的，但大部分項(xiàng)目是兼職性質(zhì)的，因?yàn)槟阃ǔＰ枰谔囟殬I(yè)工作。這使得你有機(jī)會(huì)將課堂理論付諸實(shí)踐，又將實(shí)際生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶回課程，和你的老師和同學(xué)一起談?wù)摗?BR> In many programmes you also need to do some type of applied research, based on practical experience you gained at work.
Master’s programmes last at least one year (60 credits),but many are longer, ranging from 1,5 to four years (90—240 credits).
許多項(xiàng)目還要求你根據(jù)工作中獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，做某種類型的應(yīng)用研究。
碩士項(xiàng)目至少持續(xù)一年(60個(gè)學(xué)分)，不過(guò)許多碩士項(xiàng)目要持續(xù)更久，從一年半到四年(90—240個(gè)學(xué)分)不等。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
1-4 years |
60-240 |
Master of [field of study] for example Master of Architecture, M Arch |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
1-4 年 |
60-240 |
專業(yè)碩士，比如工程碩士 |
Master’s at research universities
The primary goal of research-oriented master’s programmes is to provide you with the necessary knowledge and analytical skills at the graduate level, so that you can carry out independent research either in a specific field or in a multidisciplinary field.
研究型大學(xué)碩士
研究型碩士項(xiàng)目的主要目標(biāo)是為學(xué)生提供研究生階段必要的知識(shí)和分析技能，以便學(xué)生可以獨(dú)立從事特定領(lǐng)域或跨領(lǐng)域研究。
There is a variety of master’s programmes to choose from:
1.academic master’s providing advanced training in preparation for employment;
2.research master’s in which you are engaged in scientific research;
3.teacher training master’s programmes, that prepare you to teach at all levels of secondary education.
有許多碩士項(xiàng)目可供選擇：
1.專業(yè)碩士——提供高級(jí)就業(yè)基礎(chǔ)培訓(xùn);
2.研究碩士——有機(jī)會(huì)從事科學(xué)研究;
3.教師培訓(xùn)碩士——為你在中學(xué)各階段的教學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備，
The minimum length of a master’s programme is one year (60 credits), but research master’s, teacher training master’s and programmes in engineering, mathematics, natural science and agriculture are two years (120 credits) in length.
Advanced professional programmes in the medical sciences, such as medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine and pharmacy take a total of three years (180 ects) of study.
碩士項(xiàng)目的最短時(shí)限為一年(60個(gè)學(xué)分)，不過(guò)研究碩士、教師培訓(xùn)碩士和工程、數(shù)學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、農(nóng)業(yè)方面的項(xiàng)目時(shí)限為兩年(120個(gè)學(xué)分)。
醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)高級(jí)職業(yè)項(xiàng)目(如醫(yī)學(xué)、牙醫(yī)學(xué)、獸醫(yī)學(xué)和藥劑學(xué))需要三年(180個(gè)學(xué)分)時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
1-3 years |
60-180 |
Master of Arts or Master of Science (MA/MSc) degree, depending on the discipline |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
1-3 年 |
60-180 |
文科碩士或理科碩士，取決于學(xué)科 |
4.PDEng
In addition to doctorate PhD programmes, the three universities of technology in the Holland also offer technological designer programmes known as PDEng (Professional Doctorate in Engineering).
This tailor-made programme is designed for MSc graduates who are able to create high level, technological and innovative designs for complex issues with a multidisciplinary character.
專業(yè)工程博士
除了博士項(xiàng)目，荷蘭的三所技術(shù)大學(xué)還提供技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目，即專業(yè)工程博士。
這個(gè)特設(shè)的項(xiàng)目適用于具有跨學(xué)科視野、有能力為復(fù)雜問(wèn)題提出高水準(zhǔn)創(chuàng)新性技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的碩士學(xué)生。
Additional dimension: interdisciplinary work
The goal of a PDEng programme is to provide an additional dimension to a full master’s programme by extending it and adding new elements to it. A PDEng student develops the competencies for synthesis and interdisciplinary work.
另一維：跨學(xué)科工作
專業(yè)工程博士的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)延長(zhǎng)和添加新元素，為完整碩士項(xiàng)目增加維度。專業(yè)工程博士生培養(yǎng)綜合和跨學(xué)科工作能力。
A PDEng graduate (a technological designer) has the competencies to create innovative technological solutions for products, processes, and systems. The solutions are based on functional requirements as well as on business and market requirements, within the context of society as a whole.
專業(yè)工程博士畢業(yè)生(技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)者)有能力為產(chǎn)品、程序和系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)新性的技術(shù)解決方案。解決方案基于社會(huì)整體語(yǔ)境下的功能需求和商業(yè)市場(chǎng)需求。
The technological designer programmes take two years to complete. During the first year extensive knowledge and experience of the latest design methods and their applications is gained. The second year of the programme is spent in industry, where the PDEng trainee works on an individual design assignment at a high–tech company.
技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)者項(xiàng)目需要兩年時(shí)間完成。第一年學(xué)習(xí)最新設(shè)計(jì)方法和應(yīng)用相關(guān)的拓展知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。項(xiàng)目的第二年在企業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生在高科技企業(yè)接受個(gè)人設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)實(shí)訓(xùn)。
|
Duration |
Credits |
Degree awarded |
|
2 years |
120 |
Professional Doctorate in Engineering (PDEng) |
|
時(shí)限 |
學(xué)分 |
授予學(xué)位 |
|
2 年 |
120 |
專業(yè)工程博士 |
5.PhD
Pursuing a PhD means spending a minimum of four years conducting original research and writing a dissertation. Throughout this time, PhD candidates work in close collaboration with their supervisor. A PhD is not regarded as study, but as serious research and PhD candidates in the Netherlands are often in paid employment.
博士
攻讀博士意味著至少要花四年時(shí)間從事原創(chuàng)性研究和論文寫作。在這期間，博士候選人和導(dǎo)師密切合作。博士研究不叫學(xué)習(xí)，而被視作嚴(yán)肅研究，荷蘭的博士候選人一般都是帶薪在崗。
Why choose Holland for your PhD?
Holland has:
excellent graduate schools;
a large variety of research fields and extensive interdisciplinary collaboration;
world-class research: twelve Dutch research universities are ranked in the top 200 of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2015;
mostly paid employment contracts for PhD candidates.
為什么選擇自愛(ài)荷蘭攻讀博士?
荷蘭有優(yōu)秀的研究生院;
有眾多領(lǐng)域研究和廣泛的跨學(xué)科合作;
有世界一流的研究：12所研究型大學(xué)排進(jìn)2015年《泰晤士高等教育世界大學(xué)排名》的前200名;
有博士候選人帶薪在崗協(xié)議。
Research schools and graduate schools
All PhD candidates are part of a graduate school or research school. Research schools are partnerships between multiple research universities and research institutes, while graduate schools are organised within universities. Both provide an inspiring research environment, offering tailor-made study programmes, master classes, seminars and conferences.
研究所和研究生院
所有的博士候選人都是研究生院或研究所的一部分。研究所與諸多研究型大學(xué)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)有合作關(guān)系，研究生院則在大學(xué)內(nèi)部展開(kāi)。兩者都提供有富于啟發(fā)的研究環(huán)，提供有特設(shè)的學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目、碩士班、研討會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議。
A Dutch PhD is highly regarded
Once your dissertation is approved for publication, you will attend the public defence of your research and will be awarded the PhD at a ceremony steeped in tradition. A PhD from a Dutch university is highly regarded because of the high academic standards. The Netherlands has an excellent international ranking for the number of publications per researcher (2nd) and for the impact of research publication (4th).
荷蘭博士被高度看好
一旦論文被批準(zhǔn)，可以發(fā)表之后，你將參加論文答辯，并在傳統(tǒng)儀式上被授予博士學(xué)位。荷蘭大學(xué)博士被高度看好，因?yàn)樗謱W(xué)術(shù)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在研究員出版物數(shù)量和學(xué)術(shù)出版物影響力方面，荷蘭有很好的國(guó)際排名：前者排名第二，后者排名第四。
Where are PhDs offered?
In Holland, research is carried out by research universities, research institutes and companies, but only research universities can award PhD degrees. Other research institutes that work in close collaboration with a research university may also offer PhD positions.
在哪里攻讀博士?
在赫蓮娜，研究型大學(xué)、研究機(jī)構(gòu)和企業(yè)都從事研究，但只有研究型大學(xué)有權(quán)力頒發(fā)博士學(xué)位。其他和研究型大學(xué)有密切合作的研究機(jī)構(gòu)可能也提供有博士職位。
Most PhD posts will often be advertised on job boards, such as AcademicTransfer, in scientific journals, or on notice boards at other institutions. If you see a PhD position that interests you, contact the institution directly about the application procedure.
大部分博士職位一般都會(huì)在職位公告板上刊登，比如在AcademicTransfer、科學(xué)期刊或其他機(jī)構(gòu)的布告牌上刊登。如果看到有感興趣的博士職位，你可以直接聯(lián)系機(jī)構(gòu)，了解申請(qǐng)?jiān)斍椤?BR> Your own research proposal
If you have a specific research proposal of your own and cannot find a vacancy to match it, you may pitch your idea to universities or research groups that conduct research in the relevant field and are able to provide funding.
個(gè)人研究計(jì)劃
如果你有特別的研究計(jì)劃，但找不到匹配的職位，你可以將你的想法告訴從事相關(guān)領(lǐng)域研究且有能力提供資金的大學(xué)和研究團(tuán)隊(duì)。