瑞士的蘇黎世大學(xué)創(chuàng)立于1883年，經(jīng)過(guò)幾代人的拼搏和努力，已經(jīng)成為瑞士最頂級(jí)的綜合性大學(xué)，跟著出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)一起來(lái)了解下瑞士蘇黎世大學(xué)基本概況吧，歡迎閱讀。
一、關(guān)于蘇黎世大學(xué)
With its 26,000 enrolled students, the University of Zurich (UZH) is Switzerland's largest university. Founded in the year 1833, UZH was Europe's first university to be established by a democratic political system; today, UZH is one of the foremost universities in the German-speaking world. Made up of seven faculties covering some 100 different subject areas, the University offers a wide variety of Bachelor's, Master's and PhD programs. In addition, UZH's continuing education programs offer excellent learning opportunities.As a member of the "League of European Research Universities" (LERU), the University of Zurich belongs to Europe's most prestigious research institutions. Numerous distinctions highlight the University's international renown in the fields of medicine, immunology, genetics, neuroscience and structural biology as well as in economics. To date, the Nobel Prize has been conferred on twelve UZH scholars.The academic excellence of the University of Zurich brings benefits to both the public and the private sectors not only in the Canton of Zurich, but throughout Switzerland. Knowledge is shared in a variety of ways: in addition to granting the general public access to its twelve museums and many of its libraries, the University makes findings from cutting-edge research available to the public in accessible and engaging lecture series and panel discussions.
蘇黎世大學(xué)(UZH)擁有26,000名入學(xué)學(xué)生，是瑞士最大的大學(xué)。蘇黎世大學(xué)成立于1833年是歐洲第一所由民主政治制度建立的大學(xué)。如今，蘇黎世大學(xué)是德語(yǔ)世界中最重要的大學(xué)之一。該大學(xué)由涵蓋約100個(gè)不同學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的七個(gè)學(xué)院組成，擁有各種各樣的學(xué)士，碩士和博士課程。此外，蘇黎世大學(xué)的繼續(xù)教育課程提供了極好的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。作為“歐洲研究大學(xué)聯(lián)盟”(LERU)的成員，蘇黎世大學(xué)屬于歐洲最負(fù)盛名的研究機(jī)構(gòu)。許多區(qū)別突顯了大學(xué)在醫(yī)學(xué)，免疫學(xué)，遺傳學(xué)，神經(jīng)科學(xué)和結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的國(guó)際知名度。迄今為止，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)已被授予十二位蘇黎世大學(xué)的學(xué)者。蘇黎世大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)卓越不僅在蘇黎世州，而且在瑞士也為公共和私營(yíng)部門(mén)帶來(lái)了好處。知識(shí)以各種方式分享：除了讓一般公眾獲得十二個(gè)博物館和許多圖書(shū)館使用權(quán)外，大學(xué)還通過(guò)無(wú)障礙和有吸引力的講座系列和小組討論向公眾提供前沿研究的調(diào)查結(jié)果
二、歷史沿革
1833："Universitas Turicensis" founded. The Canton of Zurich combined its existing colleges of theology, jurisprudence, and medicine into the "Universitas Turicensis" and supplemented these three areas of study with a faculty of arts. It was the first university in Europe to be founded by a democratic state rather than by a monarchy or the Church.
161 students, 55 instructors. In the first year, 16 theology students, 26 law students, 98 medicine students, and 21 arts students enrolled. The course catalogue was published in German and Latin. Great hopes for the future. The founders hoped to turn the cantonal university into a national Swiss university. In a letter to a friend, the spiritual father of the Zurich University, Johann Caspar von Orelli, wrote: "We founded the Zurich institution as a first step. But it can, it must become the university for the whole of Switzerland." The dream never came true.
1855：Polytechnical School as renter. The newly created Federal Polytechnical School was temporarily accepted as a guest of the University in the "Hinteramt" in Zurich's Augustinergasse.
1867：A Russian is first woman student. The Russian Nadeshda Suslowa, who was admitted to medical studies as an audit student in1865, was retrospectively enrolled for the winter semester 1866/67 and, at the end of the year, became the first woman in the German-speaking world to be awarded a doctorate.
1901：Second-oldest school of veterinary medicine. The Zurich "Thierarzneyschule" (School of Veterinary Medicine), which was founded in 1820, became affiliated to the University as an autonomous Faculty Veterinary Medicine. Although Zurich began to provide academic training for veterinarians relatively late compared with other veterinary schools, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is the second oldest faculty in the world, after the faculty in Berne founded a year earlier.
1912：From "Institute of Higher Education" to "University of Zurich." The education authority decided to officially rename the Zurich Institute of Higher Education as University of Zurich, thus clearly marking the distinction between the newly designated Federal Institute of Technology (the former Federal Polytechnical School) and the University.
1914：Official opening of University premises. The University's main building on R?mistrasse officially opened on the occasion of the Zurich Sechsel?uten. Thanks to the commitment of the Aargau architect Karl Moser, who oversaw the project from the drawing board down to the last destails of interior design, an enduring work of art was created.
1962：First thoughts of expansion. The University of Zurich began running out of room. The first proposal for expansion came from the Faculty of Science, with a motion to move part of the University to the "Strickhofareal" in Zurich Irchel.Balzan Prize awarded to Paul Hindemith. Paul Hindemith, Professor of Music Theory, Composition and Music Education at the University of Zurich from 1951 to 1956, received the Balzan Prize.
1968：Students take to the streets. Ongoing student riots erupt following controversy about educational policy and broader social issues. The protests culminate in the famous Globus riots. Not even the invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact troops can stir up deep feelings at the University: Student politics dominate.University Act rejected. A University Act is proposed that is rejected by theParliament of the Canton of Zurich in 1975.
1975：Dual professorships with ETH Zurich. The University and ETH Zurich began conducting research in the same buildings, the first of which is the Institute of Toxicology in Schwerzenbach. In addition, the University and ETHZ established dual professorships.Audiovision has arrived. In response to the rising number of students, new means of communication became necessary: A booth with slideshow, soundtrack, and headphones was set up in the foyer of the main building.
1980：Criticism of Cantonal Government Councillor Gilgen. The Opera House riot shook Zurich. In the summer of youth riots, the protests also extended to the University due to a ban on a video screening of the Opera House riots, filmed by the Institute of Social Anthropology. The events exposed shortcomings in the University's governing bodies and the administrative procedures between the Cantonal Education Department, the Department of Health, the President's Office, faculties, and institutes.
1984：Strengthening the Office of the Vice President. The University's new management structure was introduced: The Office of the President as a full-time department, a Vice President for Teaching and Research, and a Vice President for Planning, Finance and Real Estate Management. A year later, the administrative director would be appointed. Over the following years, the scope of responsibility of the Offices of the Vice Presidents would undergo frequent revision."Dies" at Irchel Campus. The Dies academicus was held in the auditorium at Irchel Campus for the first time. Previously, the foundation ceremony was held in the University's main building, except for 1983, when, on the occasion of UZH's 150th anniversary, it was held in Grossmunster.University at "Ph?nomena." From May to October the University took part in the popular science exhibition "Ph?nomena" at Zurichhorn.
1987："No" to new student body. The Government Council of the Canton of Zurich rejected a proposal to once again create a student body constituted according to public law.Nobel Prize awarded to K. Alex Müller. K. Alex Müller, Professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Zurich, received the Nobel Prize for his discovery of high-temperature superconductivity.President in rickshaw. As part of the exhibitions surrounding the large-scale Swiss event "India in Switzerland" at the Ethnographic Museum of the University of Zurich the President, Konrad Akert, went for a ride in a rickshaw.
1992：Law and economics split. The Faculty of Law and Political Science was divided into two faculties: The Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Business, Economics and Informatics. The increasing importance of economics already prompted the creation of a department of law and a department of economics in the 19th century.Relations with Eastern Europe. The University of Zurich participated in the European mobility program for students, as participation in European research programs was gaining significance. Special partnerships were developed with East European universities and a week-long event initiated.
Larger role for the federal government. The Swiss federal government began assuming more responsibility for the development and coordination of higher education institutions. The University of Zurich and the Paul Scherrer Institute jointly created the Institute of Medical Radiobiology. The ETH Zurich and the University agreed to found an Institute of Neuroinformatics. A less positive development: The growing gulf between expectations and available funds available, with the University set to receive less federal funding. Priority is given to research priorities and specific programs.Decrease in student numbers. A drop in student numbers as the baby boom generation of the 1980s completed their studies. Over the coming years the number of students would continue to drop. The main reasons: Higher semester fees and the abolition of reduced health insurance premiums for students.
1998：The University of Zurich gains political autonomy. On 15 March 1998, the voters of the Canton of Zurich approved the new University Law and gave the University the status of an autonomous legal entity. As a result, the University is able to manage its finances independently within a global budget and to organize itself as it sees fit. The new governing body of the University is the Board of the University, which is made up of leading figures from academia, culture, business, and politics.Joint centers of competence. The University of Zurich iniated steps to further develop its collaboration with other universities and ETH Zurich: Centers of competence for neuroscience, plant science, and international studies were created. Research focusing on banking and finance - a project in cooperation with five Zurich banks and insurance companies - commences.Clear stand on genetic engineering. The University of Zurich and its representatives, in particular Director of Education Ernst Buschor, UZH President Hans Heinrich Schmid, and Nobel Prize laureate Rolf Zinkernagel, took a public stance against the so-called "genetic protection initiative." The initiative was rejected by the Swiss voters on 7 July.
2006:Recognition of research excellence. In recognition of its standing as one of Europe's leading research universities, the University of Zurich became a member of the internationally renowned League of European Research Universities (LERU).New management structures. The University introduced its reorganized management structures. The Office of the President's is now responsible for strategic planning, and the three Offices of the Vice President are in charge of medicine and science, arts and social sciences, and law and economics, respectively, as well as the areas of research, educational development, and academic services. The administrative director is responsible for finances, human resources, and infrastructure.
Oerlikon Campus – interim location. After City Campus and Irchel Campus, the University opened its new premises on the new, but provisional Oerlikon Campus.Zurich, Basel, Aarau. The University of Zurich entered into a cooperation agreement with the University of Basel and, in collaboration with the city of Aarau and the canton of Aargau, the new Center for Democracy was founded in Aarau.
2011：Scientifica. The research fair of UZH and ETH Zurich was held for the first time in 2011. The event quickly became established in the city and now takes place every two years.University Medicine Zurich. This ambitious undertaking is spearheaded by UZH, ETH Zurich, and the University's five hospitals. The overarching aim is to establish a foundational link between medical care and basic research. As such, University Medicine Zurich unites research and education in the natural sciences, medicine, and technological disciplines.
2013：University of Zurich Student Association (VSUZH). 35 years after the last student association was dissolved, and two years after the formation of a new group was approved by the Cantonal Parliament, UZH students had reason to celebrate: With the foundation of the VSUZH, the student body now has a legally and financially independent organization. This enhances their ability to represent the interests and ideas of the students at the operative level.Bio-Technopark in Schlieren. The UZH campus in Schlieren was opened – the University's fourth campus after City, Irchel, and Oerlikon. UZH's Life Sciences departments are now located in the direct vicinity of numerous important biotech companies.
2015：Licentiate degree programs phased out. In the spring of 2015, UZH students were given a final opportunity to finish their degree under the former university system. As such, this date marks the official status of the Bologna System, which was introduced in the winter semester 2004/2005.UZH as an architect. On 14 September 2015, the Parliament of the Canton of Zurich approved an amendment to the University Act with a 168 to 0 vote. The University now has greater decision-making powers regarding real estate management and can act independently in university-related building projects.Wyss Zurich. On 7 December 2015, the Wyss Translational Center Zurich was officially opened in the presence of donor Hansj?rg Wyss. The research center is run jointly by UZH and ETH Zurich and seeks to quickly and efficiently translate innovative ideas from basic research in regenerative medicine and robotics into practical applications.
1833年：“Universitas Turicensis”(引號(hào)內(nèi)為蘇黎世大學(xué)的拉丁文校名)成立。蘇黎世州將現(xiàn)有的神學(xué)院，法學(xué)院和醫(yī)學(xué)院校結(jié)合到“大學(xué)聯(lián)合大學(xué)”，并將這三個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域與藝術(shù)系相輔相成。這是歐洲第一所由民主國(guó)家而不是君主制或教會(huì)創(chuàng)立的大學(xué)。161名學(xué)生，55名教練。第一年，16名神學(xué)生，26名法學(xué)生，98名醫(yī)學(xué)生和21名藝術(shù)學(xué)生入學(xué)。課程目錄以德文和拉丁文出版。對(duì)未來(lái)寄予厚望。創(chuàng)始人希望將州立大學(xué)變成瑞士國(guó)立大學(xué)。在給一個(gè)朋友的信中，蘇黎世大學(xué)的精神父親約翰·卡斯波·奧·奧雷利(Johann Caspar von Orelli)寫(xiě)道：“我們建立了蘇黎世機(jī)構(gòu)是第一步，但它必須成為整個(gè)瑞士的大學(xué)?！?夢(mèng)想終于成真。
1855年：理工學(xué)院作為承租人。新設(shè)立的聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院被臨時(shí)接受為蘇黎世奧古斯丁加斯加的“Hinteramt”大學(xué)客人。
1867年：大學(xué)的第一位女學(xué)生是一名俄羅斯籍學(xué)生。1865年俄羅斯Nadeshda Suslowa被錄取為審核學(xué)生，在1866/67學(xué)年的冬季學(xué)期被追溯入學(xué)，并于年底成為德語(yǔ)世界第一名被授予“博士學(xué)位。
1901年：第二大獸醫(yī)學(xué)院。蘇黎世“Thierarzneyschule”(獸醫(yī)學(xué)院)成立于1820年，成為大學(xué)自治學(xué)院獸醫(yī)學(xué)系。雖然蘇黎世與其他獸醫(yī)學(xué)院相比，開(kāi)始為獸醫(yī)提供學(xué)術(shù)培訓(xùn)相對(duì)較晚，但是在伯爾尼的教師在一年前成立之前，獸醫(yī)學(xué)院是世界第二大教學(xué)基地。
1912年：從“高等教育學(xué)院”到“蘇黎世大學(xué)”。教育部門(mén)決定將蘇黎世高等教育研究所正式重新命名為蘇黎世大學(xué)，從而明確標(biāo)明了新任命的聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院(前聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院)與大學(xué)之間的區(qū)別。
1914年：大學(xué)校園開(kāi)放。大學(xué)的主要建筑R?mistrasse在蘇黎世Sechsel?uten正式開(kāi)幕。由于Aargau建筑師卡爾·莫澤(Karl Moser)的承諾，負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督項(xiàng)目從繪圖板到室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的最后一切，造就了一種持久的藝術(shù)作品。
1962年：第一個(gè)想法繼續(xù)擴(kuò)張。蘇黎世大學(xué)開(kāi)始投入很多的房間。第一個(gè)擴(kuò)展計(jì)劃來(lái)自科學(xué)院，并將大學(xué)的一部分移動(dòng)到蘇黎世伊爾切爾的“Strickhofareal”。Balzan獎(jiǎng)授予Paul Hindemith。1951年至1956年蘇黎世大學(xué)音樂(lè)理論，組成與音樂(lè)教育學(xué)教授Paul Hindemith獲得了Balzan獎(jiǎng)。
1968年：學(xué)生走上街頭。正在進(jìn)行的學(xué)生騷亂在關(guān)于教育政策和更廣泛的社會(huì)問(wèn)題的爭(zhēng)議中爆發(fā)?？棺h活動(dòng)最終導(dǎo)致了著名的格羅布斯暴動(dòng)。即使是華沙條約部隊(duì)對(duì)捷克斯洛伐克的入侵，也可以激發(fā)大學(xué)的深厚感觸：學(xué)生政治占主導(dǎo)地位。大學(xué)法案被拒絕。提出的一項(xiàng)大學(xué)法案在1975年被蘇黎世州議會(huì)拒絕。
1975年：與蘇黎世聯(lián)合舉辦雙學(xué)位教育。大學(xué)和蘇黎世大學(xué)開(kāi)始在同一建筑物進(jìn)行研究，其中第一個(gè)是Schwerzenbach的毒理學(xué)研究所。此外，大學(xué)和ETHZ建立了雙學(xué)位教授。Audiovision已經(jīng)到來(lái)。為了回應(yīng)學(xué)生人數(shù)的增加，新的通信手段成為必要：在主樓的門(mén)廳設(shè)有幻燈片，配樂(lè)和耳機(jī)的攤位。
1980年：對(duì)政府委員吉爾根的批評(píng)。歌劇院騷亂震動(dòng)了蘇黎世。在青年騷亂的夏天，由于社會(huì)人類(lèi)學(xué)研究所拍攝的歌劇院騷亂的視頻錄像，禁止向大學(xué)提供抗議活動(dòng)。這些事件暴露了大學(xué)理事機(jī)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)，以及州教育廳，衛(wèi)生署，總統(tǒng)辦公室，院系和研究所之間的行政程序。
1984年：副總統(tǒng)辦公室進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。大學(xué)新的管理架構(gòu)介紹：總統(tǒng)辦公室作為全職部門(mén)，教學(xué)與研究副總裁，規(guī)劃，財(cái)務(wù)和房地產(chǎn)管理副總裁。一年后，行政主任將被任命。在接下來(lái)的幾年中，副總統(tǒng)辦公室的責(zé)任范圍將經(jīng)常修改。Irchel校園的“死”。Dies學(xué)院首次在Irchel校園的禮堂舉行。此前，在大學(xué)的主樓舉行了基礎(chǔ)儀式，1983年除了在UZH成立150周年之際，它在Grossmunster舉行?！癙h?nomena”大學(xué)。5月至10月，大學(xué)參加了蘇黎世峰會(huì)的“Ph?nomena”科普展覽。
1987年：“不”!新學(xué)生團(tuán)體遭到拒絕。蘇黎世州政府委員會(huì)拒絕再次創(chuàng)建依照公法組建的學(xué)生團(tuán)體的建議。諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)授予K. AlexMüller。蘇黎世大學(xué)固體物理學(xué)教授AlexMüller獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)了高溫超導(dǎo)性。作為在蘇黎世大學(xué)民族志博物館舉行的大型瑞士活動(dòng)“瑞士印度”，總統(tǒng)康拉德·阿克特(Konrad Akert)乘坐人力車(chē)正是展覽的一部分。
1992年：法律與經(jīng)濟(jì)分裂。法律和政治學(xué)系分為法學(xué)院和商業(yè)，經(jīng)濟(jì)與信息學(xué)院兩個(gè)學(xué)院。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)越來(lái)越重要，已經(jīng)促使在19世紀(jì)建立了法律系和經(jīng)濟(jì)系。與東歐的關(guān)系。蘇黎世大學(xué)參加了歐洲流動(dòng)課程，因?yàn)閰⒓託W洲研究計(jì)劃正在變得越來(lái)越重要。與東歐大學(xué)開(kāi)展了特殊的合作關(guān)系，并開(kāi)展了為期一周的活動(dòng)。
聯(lián)邦政府的角色較大。瑞士聯(lián)邦政府開(kāi)始承擔(dān)起高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展與協(xié)調(diào)的責(zé)任。蘇黎世大學(xué)和保羅·謝勒研究所聯(lián)合創(chuàng)建了醫(yī)學(xué)放射生物學(xué)研究所。蘇黎世大學(xué)和大學(xué)同意找到一個(gè)神經(jīng)信息學(xué)研究所。較不積極的發(fā)展：預(yù)期與現(xiàn)有資金之間的差距日益擴(kuò)大，大學(xué)將獲得較少的聯(lián)邦資助。優(yōu)先考慮研究重點(diǎn)和具體方案。減少學(xué)生人數(shù)。20世紀(jì)80年代的嬰兒潮一代的學(xué)生人數(shù)下降完成了學(xué)業(yè)。在未來(lái)幾年，學(xué)生人數(shù)將繼續(xù)下降。主要原因：學(xué)期學(xué)費(fèi)較高，學(xué)生醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)減免。
1998年：蘇黎世大學(xué)取得政治自治權(quán)。1998年3月15日，蘇黎世州的選民批準(zhǔn)了新的“大學(xué)法”，并賦予大學(xué)自治法人實(shí)體的地位。因此，大學(xué)能夠在全球預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)獨(dú)立管理其財(cái)務(wù)，并組織自己認(rèn)為合適。大學(xué)新的理事機(jī)構(gòu)是大學(xué)董事會(huì)，由學(xué)術(shù)界、文化界、企業(yè)界和政界的領(lǐng)軍人物組成。聯(lián)合能力中心。蘇黎世大學(xué)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展與其他大學(xué)和蘇黎世聯(lián)盟的合作步驟：創(chuàng)建了神經(jīng)科學(xué)，植物科學(xué)和國(guó)際研究中心。研究重點(diǎn)是銀行和金融 - 與蘇黎世五家銀行和保險(xiǎn)公司合作開(kāi)展的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。明確立場(chǎng)基因工程。蘇黎世大學(xué)及其代表，特別是教育總監(jiān)恩斯特·布施，安格爾總統(tǒng)漢斯·海因里?！な┟芴睾椭Z貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者羅爾夫·津克內(nèi)格爾(Rolf Zinkernagel)對(duì)所謂的“遺傳保護(hù)倡議”采取公開(kāi)態(tài)度。7月7日瑞士選民拒絕了這一舉措。
2006年：認(rèn)識(shí)研究卓越。蘇黎世大學(xué)被認(rèn)為是歐洲領(lǐng)先的研究型大學(xué)之一，成為國(guó)際知名的歐洲研究大學(xué)聯(lián)盟(LERU)的成員。新的管理結(jié)構(gòu)。大學(xué)引入了重組的管理結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)辦公室負(fù)責(zé)戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃，副主任三個(gè)辦事處分別負(fù)責(zé)醫(yī)藥科技，社會(huì)科學(xué)和法律經(jīng)濟(jì)，以及研究，教育發(fā)展領(lǐng)域和學(xué)術(shù)服務(wù)。行政主管負(fù)責(zé)財(cái)務(wù)，人力資源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。歐瑞康校區(qū) - 臨時(shí)位置。在城市校園和伊爾切爾校區(qū)之后，大學(xué)在新的但臨時(shí)的歐瑞康校區(qū)開(kāi)設(shè)了新的校址。蘇黎世、巴塞爾、阿勞。蘇黎世大學(xué)與巴塞爾大學(xué)達(dá)成合作協(xié)議，與阿勞市和阿爾高州合作，新的民主中心于阿勞成立。
2011年：Scientifica。蘇黎世大學(xué)和蘇黎世研究會(huì)于2011年首次舉辦。事件很快在城市成立，現(xiàn)在每?jī)赡昱e行一次。
大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院蘇黎世。這個(gè)雄心勃勃的事業(yè)由蘇黎世大學(xué)，蘇黎世大學(xué)和大學(xué)五所醫(yī)院帶頭?？傮w目標(biāo)是建立醫(yī)療保健與基礎(chǔ)研究之間的基礎(chǔ)聯(lián)系。因此，蘇黎世大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)聯(lián)合自然科學(xué)，醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)學(xué)科的研究和教育。
2015年：執(zhí)照學(xué)位課程逐步淘汰。2015年春季，蘇黎世大學(xué)學(xué)生獲得了前大學(xué)制度完成學(xué)位的最后機(jī)會(huì)。因此，這個(gè)日期標(biāo)志著在2004/2005冬季學(xué)期引進(jìn)的博洛尼亞系統(tǒng)的官方地位。蘇黎世大學(xué)作為建筑師。2015年9月14日，蘇黎世州議會(huì)通過(guò)了對(duì)大學(xué)法案的修正案，以168票對(duì)0票。大學(xué)現(xiàn)在對(duì)房地產(chǎn)管理有更大的決策權(quán)，可以在大學(xué)相關(guān)的建筑項(xiàng)目中獨(dú)立行事。2015年12月7日，蘇維埃Wyss轉(zhuǎn)換中心在捐贈(zèng)人Hansj?rgWyss的面前正式開(kāi)幕。研究中心由蘇黎世大學(xué)和蘇黎世聯(lián)合開(kāi)展，力求將創(chuàng)新思想從再生醫(yī)學(xué)和機(jī)器人學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)研究轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際應(yīng)用。
三、教研優(yōu)勢(shì)
1.概況
Starting in 2001, the Swiss National Science Foundation has had a federal mandate to promote National Centers of Competence in Research (NCCRs). NCCRs are long-term research projects of outstanding quality which have special emphasis on both interdisciplinary and innovative approaches within the disciplines involved.The objective of the NCCR program is the sustained strengthening of Swiss research in fields that are highly relevant for the development of the society and economy. NCCRs are supposed to achieve internationally recognised research, to support talented doctoral and postdoc students and to engage in fostering the transfer of knowledge and technology.The management office of each NCCR is situated at a university or another research institution. In addition to the research groups based at the home institution, or leading house, each NCCR serves as a network in which other teams working throughout Switzerland are directly involved.
從2001年開(kāi)始，瑞士國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)就聯(lián)邦授權(quán)推動(dòng)國(guó)家研究中心(NCCRs)。NCCR是具有卓越品質(zhì)的長(zhǎng)期研究項(xiàng)目，特別強(qiáng)調(diào)涉及的學(xué)科中的跨學(xué)科和創(chuàng)新方法。NCCR計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是持續(xù)加強(qiáng)對(duì)與社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展高度相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域的瑞士研究。NCCR應(yīng)該實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際公認(rèn)的研究，支持有才華的博士和博士后學(xué)生，并促進(jìn)知識(shí)和技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移。每個(gè)NCCR的管理辦公室位于大學(xué)或另一個(gè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)。除了在家庭機(jī)構(gòu)或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)的研究團(tuán)體之外，每個(gè)NCCR都是一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，其中在瑞士境內(nèi)工作的其他團(tuán)隊(duì)直接參與其中。
2.部分研究成果展示
Asia and Europe
The URPP Asia and Europe was established to promote understanding of the complex interrelationships between Asia and Europe in culture, law, religion and society. Building on the expertise from four faculties and fourteen disciplines, the URPP’s interdisciplinary structure fosters contemporary and innovative research. Research at the URPP Asia and Europe focuses on three thematically and methodologically diverse fields: Concepts and Taxonomies, Entangled Histories and Norms, and Social Order(s). Since 2009, the URPP Asia and Europe has also offered an interdisciplinary doctoral program, providing a vibrant academic environment for highly qualified young academics.
研究成果一：亞洲和歐洲
大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃亞洲和歐洲成立的目的是促進(jìn)對(duì)文化、法律、宗教和社會(huì)中亞歐之間復(fù)雜相互關(guān)系的了解?；谒膫€(gè)學(xué)院和十四個(gè)學(xué)科的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃的跨學(xué)科結(jié)構(gòu)促進(jìn)了當(dāng)代和創(chuàng)新的研究。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃亞洲和歐洲的研究側(cè)重于三個(gè)主題和方法上不同的領(lǐng)域：概念和分類(lèi)，糾纏的歷史和規(guī)范以及社會(huì)秩序。自2009年以來(lái)，大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃亞洲和歐洲也提供了一個(gè)跨學(xué)科的博士課程，為高素質(zhì)的青年學(xué)者提供了充滿(mǎn)活力的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境
Dynamics of Healthy Aging
Exploring the potential of an aging society will prove vitally important in the coming years. Taking neurophysiological, neuroanatomical, psychological and medical foundations for the maintenance of health and quality of life into consideration, the URPP Dynamics of Healthy Aging examines how psychological health and the quality of life can be stabilized at low, intermediate and high levels of functioning from middle adulthood to advanced old age. The goal of the URPP is to gain better understanding of the dynamic processes that contribute to the maintenance and promotion of vital longevity through application-oriented, participatory and translational research.
研究成果二：健康老齡化的動(dòng)力學(xué)
在未來(lái)幾年，探索老齡化社會(huì)的潛力將至關(guān)重要?？紤]到維持健康和生活質(zhì)量的神經(jīng)生理學(xué)，神經(jīng)解剖學(xué)，心理和醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃健康老齡化動(dòng)態(tài)研究如何將心理健康和生活質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定在低，中，高水平的功能中成年到高齡。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)面向應(yīng)用，參與式和翻譯研究來(lái)更好地了解有助于維護(hù)和促進(jìn)重要壽命的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程。
Evolution in Action: From Genomes to Ecosystems
Today’s technology enables scientists to directly study the diversity, expression and regulation of complete genomes, and the resulting “genomic revolution” is changing evolutionary research at a dramatic pace. New tools for retrieving and analyzing data have developed so rapidly that they often exceed the capacities of individual laboratories, creating the need for innovative collaboration. The URPP Evolution in Action aims to integrate diverse research groups by focusing on a common research topic – diversification and adaptation – and by applying the novel technologies of the genomic revolution in both model and non-model systems. The URPP carries out projects on fundamental questions concerning the origin of new diversity as well as on applied aspects of evolutionary biology, such as the diversification of pathogens and the evolution of genes relevant to human diseases.
研究成果三：行動(dòng)演變：從基因組到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)
今天的技術(shù)使科學(xué)家們能夠直接研究完整基因組的多樣性，表達(dá)和調(diào)控，最終的“基因組革命”正在以戲劇性的速度改變進(jìn)化研究。用于檢索和分析數(shù)據(jù)的新工具發(fā)展得非常迅速，以至于它們經(jīng)常超過(guò)個(gè)別實(shí)驗(yàn)室的能力，從而創(chuàng)造出創(chuàng)新合作的需要。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃“行動(dòng)進(jìn)化”旨在通過(guò)集中在共同的研究課題 - 多樣化和適應(yīng) - 以及在模型和非模型系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用基因組革命的新技術(shù)來(lái)整合不同的研究組。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃執(zhí)行關(guān)于新多樣性起源以及進(jìn)化生物學(xué)應(yīng)用方面的基本問(wèn)題的項(xiàng)目。
Financial Market Regulation
The global financial crisis has triggered a political debate on the need for stricter regulation of financial markets – a topic of great economic significance for Switzerland in general, and for Zurich as a financial center in particular. The URPP Financial Market Regulation examines existing regulatory concepts and analyzes them in terms of their historical development, but also in regard to international policies. The URPP also analyzes national and international calls for regulations as well as regulatory proposals.
研究成果四：金融市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管
全球金融危機(jī)引發(fā)了政治辯論，要求對(duì)金融市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行更嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管 - 對(duì)瑞士而言，特別是蘇黎世作為一個(gè)金融中心，具有重大經(jīng)濟(jì)意義的話題。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃金融市場(chǎng)法規(guī)審查了現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)管概念，并對(duì)其歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)行了分析，并對(duì)國(guó)際政策進(jìn)行了分析。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃還分析國(guó)家和國(guó)際呼吁的規(guī)定和監(jiān)管建議。
Global Change and Biodiversity
Understanding the loss of biodiversity associated with global change is one of today’s major research challenges, especially as the impact of this loss on the environment and human well-being is poorly understood. Researchers at the URPP Global Change and Biodiversity investigate and predict feedback mechanisms in coupled systems of human actors and ecosystems over different space and time scales. Large-scale observations, field and laboratory experiments as well as models and simulations are combined in comprehensive projects to achieve these aims.
研究成果五：全球變化與生物多樣性
了解與全球變化相關(guān)的生物多樣性的喪失是今天的主要研究挑戰(zhàn)之一，特別是因?yàn)檫@種損失對(duì)環(huán)境和人類(lèi)福祉的影響了解甚少。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃全球變化和生物多樣性研究人員研究并預(yù)測(cè)不同空間和時(shí)間尺度的人類(lèi)行為體和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的耦合系統(tǒng)的反饋機(jī)制。大型觀測(cè)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)和實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)以及模型和模擬結(jié)合在綜合項(xiàng)目中以實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。
Social Networks
Social networks have created a vast array of new opportunities – and an equally vast array of challenges for individuals, enterprises and societies. These developments possibly represent the most significant of all changes brought to societies and economies by the development and expansion of information technology, especially because social networks exercise a great influence on how individuals and businesses interact in society. At the URPP Social Networks, researchers look beyond a particular or individual behavior and focus on complex, networked systems to gain a better understanding of the relationships between social structures and economic behavior.
研究成果六：社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)
社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)為個(gè)人、企業(yè)和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造了大量的新機(jī)遇，同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了同樣巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。這些發(fā)展可能是信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展和擴(kuò)張所帶來(lái)的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)變革中最重要的變化，特別是因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)個(gè)人和企業(yè)在社會(huì)中的相互作用產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。在URPP的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，研究人員關(guān)注的是一個(gè)特定的或個(gè)人的行為，并關(guān)注于復(fù)雜的、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的系統(tǒng)，以更好地理解社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)濟(jì)行為之間的關(guān)系。
Language and Space
Communication is inherently linked to physical and social space. This holds true for dialect and language contact situations (Language Areas) as well as for everyday interactions (Interactional Spaces). By choosing a particular language or regional variety, we identify with and/or distinguish ourselves from others. Modeling these choices is, however, far from a straightforward process. In addition, defining interactional spaces poses a challenge to linguistic research at the micro-level of face-to-face communication, with its complex interplay involving perceptions, movements and actions. The URPP Language and Space approaches the relationships between language and space with cutting-edge technology, combining insights from dialectology with language typology and interactional linguistics.
研究成果七：語(yǔ)言與空間
溝通本質(zhì)上與物質(zhì)和社會(huì)空間有關(guān)。這適用于方言和語(yǔ)言聯(lián)系情況(語(yǔ)言區(qū)域)以及日常交互(交互空間)。通過(guò)選擇特定的語(yǔ)言或區(qū)域品種，我們識(shí)別和/或區(qū)分自己與他人。然而，建模這些選擇遠(yuǎn)非一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的過(guò)程。此外，定義交互空間對(duì)面對(duì)面溝通的微觀層面的語(yǔ)言研究構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)，其涉及感知，動(dòng)作和行動(dòng)的復(fù)雜相互作用。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃語(yǔ)言和空間通過(guò)尖端技術(shù)，將語(yǔ)言與空間之間的關(guān)系融入到語(yǔ)言學(xué)與語(yǔ)言類(lèi)型學(xué)和交互語(yǔ)言學(xué)中。
Translational Cancer Research
Cancer is caused by genetic and epigenetic changes that occur randomly, or that are caused by environmental factors. These changes generate cancer cells, which are characterized by uncontrolled growth, increased ability to survive and the capacity to metastasize. In addition to cancer cell-intrinsic properties, the immune response of a patient significantly influences the survival of tumor cells. Because of the complexity and variability of human tumors, an efficient cancer therapy requires a multimodal approach. To develop new therapies and improve existing treatments, it is crucial to take a multi-disciplinary approach when investigating the interactions between the tumor with its micro-environment and the immune system. The URPP Translational Cancer Research builds a bridge between fundamental and clinical research, and fosters communication and collaboration between research groups investigating different aspects of cancer.
研究成果八：癌癥的轉(zhuǎn)化研究
癌癥是由隨機(jī)發(fā)生的或由環(huán)境因素引起的遺傳和表觀遺傳變化引起的。這些變化產(chǎn)生癌細(xì)胞，其特征在于不受控制的生長(zhǎng)，增加的生存能力和轉(zhuǎn)移能力。除癌細(xì)胞固有性質(zhì)外，患者的免疫反應(yīng)顯著影響腫瘤細(xì)胞的存活。由于人類(lèi)腫瘤的復(fù)雜性和變異性，有效的癌癥治療需要多模態(tài)方法。為了開(kāi)發(fā)新的治療方法和改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有的治療方法，在調(diào)查腫瘤與微環(huán)境與免疫系統(tǒng)之間的相互作用時(shí)，采取多學(xué)科的方法至關(guān)重要。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)化癌癥研究建立了基礎(chǔ)與臨床研究之間的橋梁，
Solar Light to Chemical Energy Conversion
The main objectives of the URPP Solar Light to Chemical Energy Conversion are to discover and develop new molecules, materials and processes for the direct storage of solar light energy in chemical bonds. Artificial photosynthesis is the working principle: water is split directly into oxygen and hydrogen, the latter representing a highly efficient carrier for energy storage and conversion into common liquid fuels such as methanol and gasoline. Researchers at the URPP create an architecture of catalysts and antennas to mimic the natural photosynthesis model. The individual steps – light harvesting, oxidation and reduction of water – are combined into one single functional system. The URPP Solar Light to Chemical Energy Conversion contributes to meeting the 21st century's demands for sustainable energy resources.
研究成果九：太陽(yáng)能光化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化
大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃太陽(yáng)能到化學(xué)能源轉(zhuǎn)換的主要目標(biāo)是發(fā)現(xiàn)和開(kāi)發(fā)用于將太陽(yáng)能光能直接存儲(chǔ)在化學(xué)鍵中的新分子，材料和工藝。人工光合作用是工作原理：水被直接分為氧氣和氫氣，后者代表著能量?jī)?chǔ)存和轉(zhuǎn)化為常見(jiàn)液體燃料如甲醇和汽油的高效載體。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃的研究人員創(chuàng)建了一種催化劑和天線的結(jié)構(gòu)，以模擬自然光合作用模型。各個(gè)步驟 - 輕收割、氧化和還原水 - 被組合成一個(gè)單一的功能系統(tǒng)。大學(xué)研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃太陽(yáng)能光化學(xué)能源轉(zhuǎn)化有助于滿(mǎn)足21世紀(jì)對(duì)可持續(xù)能源的需求。
Former URPP：Ethics,Foundations of Human Social Behavior,Altruism and Egoism,Finance and Financial Markets,Integrative Human Physiology,Systems Biology / Functional Genomics.
大學(xué)之前的研究領(lǐng)先計(jì)劃:倫理、人類(lèi)社會(huì)行為的基礎(chǔ)、利他主義和自我主義、金融與金融市場(chǎng)、綜合人體生理學(xué)系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)、功能基因組學(xué)。
四、校園環(huán)境
1.校園周邊環(huán)境
Zurich offers a very high quality of life thanks to its excellent public transportation, first-rate museums and theaters, and colorful neighborhoods. For a smooth start in your new environment, it is helpful to know where to find practical information and tips regarding everyday life (cf. menu to the left).
Canton of Zurich：You may have noticed that “Zurich” may either refer to the city or a larger area called the “canton”. The city of Zurich is just one of many municipalities within the Canton of Zurich. The city of Zurich is the largest city in the canton, followed by Winterthur in the northeast. There are currently 169 different municipalities in the Canton of Zurich that differ greatly in size and in character.
City of Zurich：Zurich is Switzerland’s largest city and the capital of the Canton of Zurich. It is situated at Lake Zurich and extends along the Limmat river. The Alps, cities such as Basel or Lucerne, and other interesting destinations can be reached in about an hour.Zurich has a wide variety of cultural institutions and leisure activities. The city regularly earns top marks in quality-of-life rankings and is overall a safe place to live. About 31 percent of the 400,000 inhabitants do not hold a Swiss passport, lending the city its cultural diversity.
Switzerland’s multilingualism is anchored in its constitution. The official language in Zurich is German. The language spoken in daily life is the local dialect of Swiss German.
由于其優(yōu)良的公共交通，一流的博物館和劇院以及色彩繽紛的社區(qū)，蘇黎世提供了非常高的生活品質(zhì)。為了在新的環(huán)境中順利開(kāi)始，知道在哪里可以找到關(guān)于日常生活的實(shí)用信息和技巧，事實(shí)證明這是有幫助的。
蘇黎世州：您可能已經(jīng)注意到，“蘇黎世”可能是指城市或稱(chēng)為“州”的較大地區(qū)。蘇黎世市只是蘇黎世州內(nèi)許多城市之一。蘇黎世市是該州最大的城市，其次是東北部的溫特圖。蘇黎世州目前有169個(gè)不同的城市，其規(guī)模和性質(zhì)差異很大。
蘇黎世市：蘇黎世是瑞士最大的城市，也是蘇黎世州的首府。它位于蘇黎世湖，沿著Limmat河延伸。阿爾卑斯山、巴塞爾或盧塞恩等城市以及其他有趣的景點(diǎn)可在約一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)到達(dá)。蘇黎世擁有各種各樣的文化機(jī)構(gòu)和休閑活動(dòng)。該市定期在生活質(zhì)量排名中獲得最高分，是一個(gè)安全的住所。40萬(wàn)居民中約有31%沒(méi)有持有瑞士護(hù)照，為城市提供了文化多樣性。瑞士的多語(yǔ)言是憲法的基礎(chǔ)。蘇黎世的官方語(yǔ)言是德語(yǔ)。日常生活中使用的語(yǔ)言是瑞士德語(yǔ)的當(dāng)?shù)胤窖浴?BR> 2.校區(qū)
Irchel Campus，Oerlikon Campus，Schlieren Campus
伊爾切爾校區(qū)、歐瑞康校區(qū)、施利倫校區(qū)
3.博物館
Museums and CollectionsThe University of Zurich’s museums house valuable cultural and natural artefacts ? and showcase findings from research conducted at UZH.Anatomical Collection,Archeological CollectionBotanical Garden,Botanical Museum,Ethnographic Museum,Ethnomusicology Archive,Medical Museum,Museum of AnthropologyMuseum of Wax Moulages,Museum of Veterinary HistoryPaleontological Museum,Veterinary Anatomy CollectionZoological Museum,Zurich Herbaria.
博物館和館藏蘇黎世大學(xué)的博物館藏有寶貴的文化和自然文物，并展示了蘇黎世大學(xué)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。包括以下博物館：解剖學(xué)收藏博物館、考古收藏博物館、植物園博物館、植物博物館、民族志博物館、民族音樂(lè)學(xué)檔案、醫(yī)學(xué)館、人類(lèi)學(xué)博物館、蠟制品博物館、獸醫(yī)史博物館、古生物博物館、獸醫(yī)解剖學(xué)系列、動(dòng)物博物館、蘇黎世赫巴利亞博物館。
4.圖書(shū)館
LibrariesThe Main Library of the University of Zurich and the numerous public libraries at UZH's institutes and departments hold over two million volumes.Main Library UZH (HBZ)：Libraries at the Institutes and Faculties
圖書(shū)館蘇黎世大學(xué)圖書(shū)館和烏茲別克斯坦共和國(guó)各機(jī)構(gòu)和部門(mén)的眾多公共圖書(shū)館共有200多萬(wàn)冊(cè)圖書(shū)。主館：蘇黎世大學(xué)(HBZ)研究所和學(xué)院的圖書(shū)館。
五、知名校友(因篇幅限制無(wú)法逐一列出，請(qǐng)見(jiàn)諒，排名不分先后)
諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者
Peter Debye,Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936,Peter Debye was often described as the “Leonardo da Vinci” of the 20th century. Many methods and laws in physics bear his name, for instance the “Debye temperature” for his theory on the specific heat of solid bodies, which he developed at the University of Zurich.
Peter Debye:1936年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者，彼得·德比經(jīng)常被描述為二十世紀(jì)的“達(dá)芬奇”。他在物理學(xué)中的許多方法和法律都以他的名字為名，例如他在蘇黎世大學(xué)制定的關(guān)于固體的比熱的理論的“德拜溫度”。
Albert Einstein,Nobel Prize in Physics 1921,A Quantum of Light.1905 was Albert Einstein’s annus mirabilis: he published no less than five groundbreaking papers. Among these was his Light Quanta Hypothesis, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize.
愛(ài)因斯坦：1921年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。量子光：1905年是愛(ài)因斯坦愛(ài)因斯坦的奇跡：他發(fā)表了不少于五篇開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的論文。其中包括他的輕量假設(shè)，他被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。
Walter Rudolf Hess,Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine 1949,The Mechanism of the Interbrain.Walter Rudolf Hess created a cartography of the interbrain and explored its functions – in the interest of better understanding the phenomenon of sleep.
沃爾特·魯?shù)婪颉ず账怪Z斯:1949年諾貝爾生理學(xué)/醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。人際機(jī)制：瓦爾特·魯?shù)婪颉ず账?Walter Rudolf Hess)創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)關(guān)于腦間的繪圖，并探索了其功能 - 為了更好地了解睡眠現(xiàn)象。
Paul Karrerm,Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937.The Nature of Vitamins:Paul Karrer unraveled the chemical structure of plant dyes and vitamins, and showed how beta carotene is used by the body to produce vitamin A.
Paul Karrer:1937年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。維生素的性質(zhì)：Paul Karrer解開(kāi)了植物染料和維生素的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)，并展示了人體使用β-胡蘿卜素來(lái)生產(chǎn)維生素A.
Theodor Mommsen,Nobel Prize in Literature 1902.A Paean to Caesar:Theodor Mommsen wrote his monumental History of Rome during his time as Professor at the University of Zurich. The brilliant historian felt at home in the world of Classical Antiquity, but never quite grew roots in Zurich.
Theodor Mommsen:1902年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者，西奧多·莫姆森(Sirodor Mommsen)在他擔(dān)任蘇黎世大學(xué)教授期間寫(xiě)下了他偉大的羅馬歷史。輝煌的歷史學(xué)家在古典古代世界感受到家鄉(xiāng)，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有根深蒂固地在蘇黎世。
K. Alex Müller,Nobel Prize in Physics 1987.New Direction in Sicily:A flash of inspiration while in Sicily put K. Alex Müller on the right track: Soon afterwards, he and J. Georg Bednorz discovered the first high-temperature superconductor.
K. AlexMüller：1987年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。西西里島的新方向：西西里島的激情閃閃發(fā)光，將K AlexMüller放在正確的軌道上：不久之后，他和J. Georg Bednorz發(fā)現(xiàn)了第一臺(tái)高溫超導(dǎo)體。
Wilhelm Conrad R?ntgen,Nobel Prize in Physics 1901.The Transparent Body:Wilhelm Conrad R?ntgen developed his passion for physics in Zurich. A quarter of a century later, he discovered the rays that rendered humans transparent.
威廉·康拉德·羅恩根:1901年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。透明體：威廉·康拉德·羅恩(Wilhelm ConradR?ntgen)在蘇黎世發(fā)現(xiàn)了他對(duì)物理學(xué)的熱情。四分之一世紀(jì)后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了使人們透明的光線。
Leopold Ruzicka,Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939.Musk and Testosterone:Leopold Ruzicka’s research on odorous substances and sex hormones revealed chemical compounds that scientists did not believe could exist.
利奧波德·魯齊奇:1939年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。麝香和睪酮：利奧波德·魯齊奇(Leopold Ruzicka)對(duì)氣味物質(zhì)和性激素的研究表明，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為不可能存在化學(xué)化合物。
Erwin Schr?dinger,Nobel Prize in Physics 1933,Quantum Leap in Physics.Edwin Schr?dinger proved that electrons could have the properties of either waves or particles, but are neither the one nor the other – a discovery that revolutionized physics.
諾爾斯·薛定:1933年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。物理學(xué)中的量子飛躍：EdwinSchr?dinger證明，電子可以具有波或粒子的性質(zhì)，但既不是一個(gè)也不是另一個(gè) - 這是使物理學(xué)變革的一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Max von Laue,Nobel Prize in Physics 1914,Atomic Fingerprints.Max von Laue solved two longstanding problems with a single experiment: He clarified the nature of x-rays and laid the cornerstone for a procedure that reveals the atomic structure of matter.
Max von Laue:1914年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。原子指紋：Max von Laue通過(guò)一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)解決了兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的問(wèn)題：他澄清了X射線的性質(zhì)，為揭示物質(zhì)原子結(jié)構(gòu)的程序奠定了基石。
Alfred Werner,Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913.The Impertinence of Genius:Alfred Werner revolutionized inorganic chemistry one night with a stroke of genius – and without conducting a single experiment.
阿爾弗雷德·維納：1913年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。天才的無(wú)禮：阿爾弗雷德·維納(Alfred Werner)一天晚上徹底革新了無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)，天才的中風(fēng)，而不進(jìn)行一次實(shí)驗(yàn)。
Rolf Zinkernagel,Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine 1996.Unmasked Viruses:Rolf Zinkernagel and Peter Doherty discovered how the immune system recognizes cells infected with viruses – and entered new scientific territory.Rolf Zinkernagel, from Basel, first came to the University of Zurich in 1970 for a Rolf Zinkernagel.
Rolf Zinkernagel：1996年諾貝爾生理學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。未屏蔽的病毒：Rolf Zinkernagel和Peter Doherty發(fā)現(xiàn)免疫系統(tǒng)如何識(shí)別感染病毒的細(xì)胞，并進(jìn)入了新的科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。
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