京都大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦于1897年，是日本第二古老的大學(xué)，目前在QS世界大學(xué)排名中和韓國(guó)首爾國(guó)立大學(xué)并列第36位。下面請(qǐng)看出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)為大家整理并翻譯的京都大學(xué)基本概況信息。
一、關(guān)于京都大學(xué)
Founded in 1897, Kyoto University is the second-oldest university in Japan. The 15th best university in Asia according to the QS Asian University Rankings, Kyoto has produced at least nine Nobel Prize laureates, including physicist Makoto Kobayashi. About 22,000 students are enrolled at the university across its undergraduate and postgraduate programs, and they are based across three campuses: Yoshida, Uji and Katsura. Of these, Uji is home to research centers and laboratories related to natural sciences, while Katsura was conceived as a “techno-science hill”. Yoshida is the largest campus and is divided into seven different sub-campuses.
Kyoto University offers undergraduate programs in the following faculties:
Integrated Human Studies,Letters,Education,Law,Economics,Science,Medicine,Pharmaceutical Sciences,Engineering,and Agriculture.
Kyoto University has over a dozen graduate schools, which cover a range of subject areas, including:
Education,Law, Economics, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Management,and Public Health.
京都大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦于1897年，是日本第二古老的大學(xué)，在QS亞洲大學(xué)排名中位列第15位。迄今為止，京都大學(xué)已培養(yǎng)出了至少九位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主，包括物理學(xué)家小林誠(chéng)(2008年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者，獲獎(jiǎng)原因：發(fā)現(xiàn)亞原子物理學(xué)的自發(fā)對(duì)稱性破缺機(jī)制)。大約有2萬(wàn)2千名學(xué)生注冊(cè)京都大學(xué)的本科生課程和研究生課程。這些學(xué)生分布在三個(gè)校區(qū)：吉田校區(qū)、宇治校區(qū)和桂離宮校區(qū)。宇治校區(qū)是自然科學(xué)相關(guān)的研究中心和實(shí)驗(yàn)室所在地，桂離宮校區(qū)被認(rèn)為是“科技之山”。吉田校區(qū)則是最大的校區(qū)，分為七個(gè)不同的小校區(qū)。
京都大學(xué)的本科生課程由以下學(xué)部提供：綜合人知學(xué)部、文學(xué)部、教育學(xué)部、法學(xué)部、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)部、理學(xué)部、醫(yī)學(xué)部、藥學(xué)部、工學(xué)部和農(nóng)學(xué)部。
京都大學(xué)有超過(guò)12個(gè)研究生院，涵蓋諸多學(xué)科領(lǐng)域，包括教育、法律、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、科學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、工程、管理和公共衛(wèi)生。
排名情況
| 在QS世界大學(xué)排名中的位置 | 2016 | 第38 |
| 2017 | 第37 | |
| 2018 | 第36 | |
| 在QS世界大學(xué)專業(yè)排名中的位置 | 工程專業(yè)世界第6 | |
| 在QS畢業(yè)生就業(yè)力排名中的位置 | 第53 | |
| 在亞洲大學(xué)中的排名 | 第15 | |
師生人數(shù)
| 學(xué)術(shù)教員人數(shù) | 學(xué)生人數(shù) | 國(guó)際學(xué)生人數(shù) | |||
| 總共 | 4060 | 總共 | 22974 | 總共 | 1990 |
| 國(guó)際教員 | 293 | 研究生占比 | 42% | 研究生占比 | 89% |
| 本科生占比 | 58% | 本科生占比 | 11% | ||
二、京都大學(xué)的歷史
1897：Kyoto Imperial University was founded by Imperial Ordinance No. 209. It was composed of Colleges of Law, Medicine, Letters, and Science and Engineering.
1899：Colleges of Law and Medicine opened. The University Library and the University Hospital opened.
1903：The Fukuoka College of Medicine was established. (In April 1911 it was separated from Kyoto Imperial University and attached to Kyushu Imperial University.)
1906：The College of Letters opened.
1914：The College of Science and Engineering was divided into the College of Engineering and the College of Science.
1919：The Imperial University Law was enacted and the Colleges were renamed Faculties.The Faculty of Economics was established
1923：The Faculty of Agriculture was established.
1924：The Experimental Farm and the University Forest attached to the Faculty of Agriculture were established.
1926：The Institute for Chemical Research was established.
1939：The Institute for Research in Humanities was established.
1897：京都帝國(guó)大學(xué)得到敕令成立。分為法學(xué)院、醫(yī)學(xué)院、文學(xué)院、科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院。
1899：法學(xué)院和醫(yī)學(xué)院開(kāi)放。大學(xué)圖書(shū)館和大學(xué)醫(yī)院開(kāi)放。
1903：福岡醫(yī)學(xué)院成立。1911年四月，神岡醫(yī)學(xué)院同京都帝國(guó)大學(xué)分離，并入加州帝國(guó)大學(xué)。
1906：文學(xué)院開(kāi)放。
1914：科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院分離，形成工學(xué)院和理學(xué)院。
1919：帝國(guó)大學(xué)法律頒布，學(xué)院重新命名為學(xué)部。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)部成立。
1923：農(nóng)學(xué)部成立。
1924：農(nóng)學(xué)部下屬實(shí)驗(yàn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)和林業(yè)大學(xué)成立。
1926：化學(xué)研究所成立。
1939：人問(wèn)研究所成立。
1941：The Tuberculosis Research Institute was established. (In June 1967 it was renamed the Chest Disease Research Institute and renamed the Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences.) The Engineering Research Institute was established. (In April 1971 it was renamed the Institute of Atomic Energy, and again in May 1996 as the Institute of Advanced Energy.)
1944：The Wood Research Institute was established. In April 2004, it was reorganized and renamed the Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere.
1946：The Research institute for Food Science was established. In April 2001 it was closed to merge with the Graduate School of Agriculture.
1947：Kyoto Imperial University was renamed Kyoto University.
1949：The National School Establishment Law was enacted. Kyoto University was reorganized under the new educational system and the former Third High School (Dai San Kou) was annexed to the university. The Faculty of Education was established.The Branch School of Kyoto University (Bunko) was opened on the campus of the former Third High School to provide education in the liberal arts.
1951：The Disaster Prevention Research Institute was established.
1953：The Graduate School under the new educational system was established.The Research Institute for Fundamental Physics was established. In June 1990 it was renamed the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics.
2006：The School of Government was established.The Graduate School of Management was established. The Center for Integrated Area Studies was established. The Nano Medicine Merger Education Unit was established. The Institute of Sustainability Science was established.The Kyoto University Pioneering Research Unit for Next Generation was established. The Center for Women Researchers was established.
2007：The Kokoro Research Center was established. The Advanced Medical Engineering Research Unit was established. The Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Science was established. The College of Medical Technology was closed. The International Innovation Organization was reorganized and renamed the Kyoto University Office of Society-Academia Collaboration for Innovation.The International Innovation Center was reorganized and renamed the Innovative Collaboration Center.The Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences was established.
2008：The Wildlife Research Center was established.The Center for Archaeological Operations was reorganized and renamed The Center for Cultural Heritage Studies.The Unit of Synergetic Studies for Space was established.
1941：肺結(jié)核研究所成立。(1967年重命名為胸腔研究所，再命名為前沿醫(yī)學(xué)研究所。)同年，工程研究所成立。(1971年工程研究所重命名為原子能研究所，1996名再命名為高級(jí)能源研究所。)
1944：木材研究所成立。(2004年4月重命名為可持續(xù)生存圈研究所。)
1946：食品科學(xué)研究所成立。(2001年4月合并，形成農(nóng)學(xué)研究生部。)
1947：京都帝國(guó)大學(xué)重命名為京都大學(xué)。
1949：國(guó)家學(xué)校建立法頒布。京都大學(xué)被新的教育體系認(rèn)可，先前的第三高中被并入京都大學(xué)。教育學(xué)部成立。京都大學(xué)分校在先前的第三高中校址上成立，提供文科教育。
1951：疾病預(yù)防研究所成立。
1953：新教育體系下的研究生部成立?；A(chǔ)物理學(xué)研究所成立。在1990年6月重命名為湯川理論物理學(xué)研究所。
2006：政府學(xué)院成立。管理學(xué)研究生部成立。綜合亞洲研究中心成立。納米醫(yī)學(xué)合并教育單位成立。可持續(xù)科學(xué)研究所成立。京都大學(xué)新一代先鋒研究單位成立。婦女研究員中心成立。
2007：科科羅研究所成立。高級(jí)醫(yī)學(xué)工程研究單位成立。青年生命科學(xué)事業(yè)發(fā)展單位成立。醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)部關(guān)閉。國(guó)際創(chuàng)新組織重組，重命名為京都大學(xué)社會(huì)-學(xué)術(shù)協(xié)作創(chuàng)新辦公室。同年，國(guó)際創(chuàng)新中心重組，重命名為創(chuàng)新合作中心。綜合成孔材料科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)成立。
2008：野生生物研究中心成立?？脊艑W(xué)運(yùn)營(yíng)中心重組，重命名為文化遺產(chǎn)研究中心?？臻g協(xié)同研究單位關(guān)閉。
三、京都大學(xué)的教研情況
1.Faculty of Letters/Graduate School of Letters
The Faculty of Letters originated as the College of Letters in 1906, and has been a pre-eminent academic center in the fields of arts and humanities since its foundation.The Faculty Library holds approximately 910,000 catalogued books in numerous languages and is home to many rare books and valuable historical manuscripts.The latest apparatuses and devices for scientific experiments are available at the Psychology Department.
We currently consist of six divisions: Philosophy, Eastern Culture, Western Culture, History, Behavioral Studies, and Contemporary Culture, which are further divided into 34 departments.Undergraduates spend their first two years attending Liberal Arts and General Education Courses (classes which are open to students of all faculties).At the end of the second year, they are required to decide which department they wish to be affiliated to, and then spend a minimum of two years majoring in the field of their choice, on which they are required to write a B.A. thesis.
At the M.A. degree level, students also spend two years or more in study and write a thesis in order to graduate.A minimum of three years is spent before submitting a doctoral dissertation.Departments devoted to studies of eastern cultures have attracted an extremely talented pool of scholars and students from abroad.
The graduate school has always worked closely with the Institute for Research in Humanities, and other components of the university, especially the Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, for both education and research.Also, the graduate school has as an attached institution, The Center for Eurasian Cultural Studies.
With the exception of those led by non-Japanese lecturers, most lectures are conducted in Japanese, although texts are invariably studied in their original languages, and proficiency in foreign languages is a requirement of students in all areas.
1.文學(xué)部/文學(xué)研究生院
文學(xué)部的前身是文學(xué)學(xué)院，成立于1906年。自那以后，在藝術(shù)和人文領(lǐng)域一直是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)術(shù)中心。文學(xué)部圖書(shū)館91萬(wàn)冊(cè)多語(yǔ)種藏書(shū)，有許多珍貴的書(shū)籍和歷史手稿。最新的裝置和科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備可以心理學(xué)部看到。
文學(xué)部目前分為六個(gè)部門，分別是哲學(xué)、東方文化、西方文化、歷史、行為研究和當(dāng)代文化。六個(gè)部門由可細(xì)分為34個(gè)部門。本科生前兩年學(xué)習(xí)文科和通識(shí)教育課程(這些課程向所有學(xué)部的學(xué)生開(kāi)放)。第二年結(jié)束的時(shí)候，學(xué)生需要明確想附屬于哪個(gè)部門，然后后兩年用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)所選的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域，并被要求寫作文學(xué)士論文。
在文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位階段，學(xué)生也需要花至少兩年時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)或?qū)懽髡撐牟拍墚厴I(yè)。至少有三年學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間才能遞交博士論文。從以往情況來(lái)看，東方文化部已經(jīng)吸引了極其優(yōu)秀的國(guó)外學(xué)生和學(xué)者。
文學(xué)研究生院經(jīng)常在教學(xué)和研究方面同人文研究所和京都大學(xué)其他部門密切合作，尤其是和綜合人知學(xué)部合作。此外，研究生院有其他附屬機(jī)構(gòu)——?dú)W亞文化研究中心。
除了母語(yǔ)非日語(yǔ)講師的課程以外，京都大學(xué)的大部分講座課都用日語(yǔ)教授。當(dāng)然，文本學(xué)習(xí)按照原本原語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行。所有學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的學(xué)生都需要具備外語(yǔ)能力。
2.Faculty of Education/Graduate School of Education
The Graduate School of Education aims to provide students with the professional methodologies, broad perspective, critical thinking tools and research competencies required to address the educational issues of our society. The graduate school seeks to cultivate professionals in the field of education who will contribute to the establishment of a harmonious global society, and who have insight and understanding regarding people of diverse backgrounds. To accomplish these goals, the graduate school offers varied programs to stimulate and support students’ research activities, and provides an environment which emphasizes field experiences and tangible theories with a bearing on daily practices. An emphasis is also placed on a crossdisciplinary and international approach.
The Graduate School of Education consists of two divisions; the Division of Educational Studies and the Division of Clinical Studies of Education. The former is committed to conducting research in fields such as the philosophy and history of education, human lifelong development and learning, and the social and global environment surrounding education. It aims to produce experts with broad geographical and historical perspectives who can improve our understanding of human nature and enhance human education and learning. The Division of Clinical Studies of Education aims to train clinical psychologists with the knowledge required to effectively address the psychological issues faced by many individuals in contemporary society and educators with a deep knowledge of human beings and their relationships, who have the skills to reconstruct educational environments to meet the needs of various situations and conditions. The division covers the fields of pedagogy and psychology, and offers programs focusing on clinical issues of the human mind and mentality.
2.教育學(xué)部/教育學(xué)研究生院
教育學(xué)研究生院旨在為學(xué)生提供專業(yè)的方法論、廣闊的視野、批判性思考的工具和研究能力，以此解決我們社會(huì)中面臨的教育問(wèn)題。教育學(xué)研究生院努力培養(yǎng)教育領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)人才，讓他們貢獻(xiàn)于建立全球性的和諧社會(huì)，洞察和理解不同背景的人們。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)，教育學(xué)研究生院提供各種課程，激勵(lì)和支持學(xué)生參加研究活動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造注重野外經(jīng)歷和切實(shí)理論的環(huán)境。同時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)跨學(xué)科和國(guó)際方法。
教育學(xué)研究生院分為兩個(gè)部門：教育研究部和教學(xué)臨床研究部。教育研究部專注于從事哲學(xué)、教育史、人類終身發(fā)展與學(xué)習(xí)以及社會(huì)與全球環(huán)境等領(lǐng)域的研究。教育研究部的目標(biāo)是將學(xué)生培養(yǎng)為具備廣闊地理和歷史視野的專家，能夠增加我們對(duì)人性的理解，改善人們的受教育和學(xué)習(xí)。教育臨床研究部的目標(biāo)是將學(xué)生培養(yǎng)為臨床心理學(xué)家，具備解決當(dāng)代社會(huì)許許多多的人面臨的心理問(wèn)題所需的知識(shí);培養(yǎng)為教育家，深刻理解人類和人與人之間的關(guān)系，具備重建教育環(huán)境、滿足不同處境和條件需求所需的技能。教育臨床研究部涵蓋教學(xué)法和心理學(xué)，課程重點(diǎn)在人腦和精神的臨床問(wèn)題。
3.Faculty of Law/Graduate School of Law
For over a century, the Faculty and Graduate School of Law have played a central role in the teaching and research of law and political science in Japan. Through their education and research programs, the faculty and graduate school are committed to cultivating students’ knowledge, opinion, wisdom and logical thinking, and nurturing their intellectual autonomy. The research undertaken is devoted to searching for truth through open discussion, and has consistently made valuable contributions to society by actively tackling current key issues.
Recent years have seen a number of significant changes in both the graduate school and faculty. In April 2004, the Law School was added as a new professional graduate school offering a systematic legal education program. The Legal and Political Studies Programs (LL.M. and LL.D. Programs) at the Graduate School of Law are designed for those interested in an academic career. Through the two graduate programs and the Law School Program, students are provided with the opportunity to attain both advanced research skills and practical legal training.
3.法學(xué)部/法學(xué)研究生院
在過(guò)去一百多年時(shí)間里，法學(xué)部和法學(xué)研究生院在日本法學(xué)和政治學(xué)教學(xué)研究中扮演了主要的角色。通過(guò)提供的教學(xué)和研究項(xiàng)目，法學(xué)部和法學(xué)研究生院專注于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的知識(shí)、見(jiàn)解、智慧和邏輯思考，培養(yǎng)他們?cè)趯W(xué)術(shù)上獨(dú)立。這里的從事的研究目的是通過(guò)公開(kāi)討論尋求真理。這里的研究通過(guò)積極解決當(dāng)前社會(huì)面臨的核心問(wèn)題，已經(jīng)為社會(huì)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
近些年來(lái)，法學(xué)部和法學(xué)研究生院都有了許多變化。2004年四月，法學(xué)院增加了新的職業(yè)研究生院，以提供系統(tǒng)的法學(xué)教育課程。法學(xué)研究生院的法律和政治研究課程(法學(xué)碩士和法學(xué)博士課程)針對(duì)有意向從事學(xué)術(shù)研究的學(xué)生。通過(guò)兩個(gè)研究生學(xué)習(xí)急哈和法學(xué)院課程，學(xué)院為學(xué)生提供了獲得高級(jí)研究技能和法學(xué)實(shí)踐培訓(xùn)的機(jī)會(huì)。
四、京都大學(xué)著名校友
| 政界 | 近衛(wèi)文麿:第34、38、39任日本首相 |
| 清瀬一郎:前眾議院議長(zhǎng) | |
| 林譲治:前眾議院議長(zhǎng)，副總理 | |
| 宇田耕一:前經(jīng)濟(jì)企劃廳長(zhǎng)官 | |
| 大村清一:前內(nèi)務(wù)大臣，防衛(wèi)廳長(zhǎng)官 | |
| 法律界 | 園部逸夫: 前最高法院法官 |
| 奧田昌道: 前最高法院法官 | |
| 堀田力: 前法務(wù)大臣官房長(zhǎng)官 | |
| 泉德治: 前最高法院法官 | |
| 田原睦夫: 前最高法院法官 | |
| 經(jīng)濟(jì)界 | 巖永裕吉:前同盟通訊社社長(zhǎng) |
| 鈴木剛:前住友銀行行長(zhǎng) | |
| 代田稔:養(yǎng)樂(lè)多創(chuàng)始人 | |
| 樋口廣太郎:前朝日啤酒社長(zhǎng) | |
| 森薫:前阪急電鐵社長(zhǎng) |