想要去美國的醫(yī)學院就讀，可想而知費用是極高的，那么有沒有哪些方式可以免費的學習、節(jié)約金錢或者獲得相應的獎學金呢?跟著出國留學網(wǎng)來一起了解一下如果免費就讀美國醫(yī)學院吧，歡迎閱讀。
It's not uncommon for medical school graduates to leave school with hundreds of thousands in student loan debt. Last year, among U.S. medical school graduates who borrowed, the median debt burden was $190,000, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges.While the idea of graduating medical school debt-free may seem impossible, a few medical students have the privilege of receiving a free medical education, either because they attend a tuition-free medical school or because they receive a hefty sum of scholarship money.
醫(yī)學院校畢業(yè)生離校的時候有數(shù)十萬學生貸款債務并不罕見。根據(jù)美國醫(yī)學院協(xié)會的數(shù)據(jù)，去年美國醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)生借入的債務中位數(shù)為19萬美元。盡管醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)債務似乎是不可能完全消除的，但是仍然有一些醫(yī)學學生有權獲得免費的醫(yī)學教育，原因是要么是因為他們?nèi)ゾ妥x了免費的醫(yī)學院，要么是因為他們獲得了大筆的獎學金。
第一部分：申請免費院校及盡量降低獎學金
Dr. Jennifer Haley, an Arizona-based dermatologist, knows from experience that attending medical school without acquiring debt can bring peace of mind.Haley earned her tuition-free medical degree at the F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, a federally funded medical school at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland.The university's medical school doesn't charge tuition; rather, its students are commissioned officers in the U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army or U.S. Navy, and they earn an annual salary. According to the school's website, its students earn more than $60,000 per year during their four years of medical school, and in return, they commit to at least seven years of active-duty service after graduation.Tuition-free medical schools are rare, but there are other options besides the Hébert School. For example, Case Western Reserve University's highly selective Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, a medical school that specializes in training physician scientists, provides a full-tuition scholarship to all students.
來自亞利桑那州的皮膚科醫(yī)生珍妮弗·海利博士說道，在沒有獲得債務的情況下就讀醫(yī)學院可以帶來內(nèi)心的平靜。Haley在馬里蘭州貝塞斯達的健康科學統(tǒng)一服務大學的聯(lián)邦資助的醫(yī)學院f . Edward Hebert醫(yī)學院獲得了無學費的醫(yī)學學位。的確有某些大學醫(yī)學院不收學費的，但是該類別的大學大多是要求它的學生是美國公共衛(wèi)生服務機構、美國空軍、美國陸軍或美國海軍的軍官，他們是拿年薪的。根據(jù)學校網(wǎng)站的數(shù)據(jù)，在四年的醫(yī)學院學習期間，該校學生每年的收入超過6萬美元，作為回報，他們在畢業(yè)后至少要從事7年的現(xiàn)役。免費的醫(yī)學院很少見，但除了赫伯特學校，還有其他的選擇。例如，凱斯西儲大學、克利夫蘭診所，這是一所專門培訓醫(yī)生科學家的醫(yī)學院，它為所有學生提供全額獎學金。
在2012年的醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)生中，86%的人有債務。美國醫(yī)學院協(xié)會2013年的一份報告顯示，負債畢業(yè)生的債務中值為17萬美元。報告指出:“負債的醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)生和醫(yī)學院學生的債務水平在過去20年里都比通貨膨脹增長更快?！睂τ谀切┫胍玫酱T士學位但又不想要學生貸款的潛在學生來說，希望是有的。有許多方法可以抵消在學校和放學后的醫(yī)學教育費用。
1. Plan to specialize in primary care: To lure prospective medical students into primary care – an area of medicine that often comes with long hours and a less-competitive salary – a number of schools offer scholarships for students who agree to go into the field, especially in certain regions.The University of California—Riverside welcomed its inaugural medical school class this school year and has a handsome reward for hopeful M.D.s with an interest in primary care.Students can receive a four-year scholarship that covers all tuition and fees if they agree to practice primary care in the Inland Empire region of California for five years after graduation.Ohio residents in medical school can take advantage of a similar opportunity. Funded through the Choose Ohio First Program, medical students can receive $30,000 per year for four years to decrease tuition if they agree to practice primary care in the state for at least three years and serve a high-need population.In Massachusetts, students who go on to specialize in primary care may be eligible to use the state’s loan repayment program to receive up to $50,000 for a two-year contract once they become practicing physicians in federally designated Health Professional Shortage Areas.
1.計劃去專注于初級護理:將潛在的醫(yī)學生吸引到初級護理中，這是一種通常伴隨長時間的醫(yī)療和低競爭力的薪水的醫(yī)學領域。許多學校為同意進入這個領域的學生提供獎學金，特別是在某些地區(qū)。加州大學河濱分校在這個學年開始教授醫(yī)學院課程，并對初級護理感興趣的學生給予了豐厚的回報。如果學生們同意在畢業(yè)后的五年內(nèi)在加州的內(nèi)陸地區(qū)進行初級護理，那么他們可以獲得為期四年的獎學金，這些獎學金包括所有的學費和費用。在醫(yī)學院的俄亥俄州居民可以利用類似的機會。通過選擇俄亥俄第一項目，醫(yī)學院學生如果同意在本州實行初級保健至少3年，并且服務于高需求人群，每年可以獲得3萬美元，為期4年，以此來減少學費。在馬薩諸塞州，從事初級保健專業(yè)的學生可能有資格使用本州的貸款償還計劃，一旦他們在聯(lián)邦指定的衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員短缺地區(qū)執(zhí)業(yè)，就可以獲得高達5萬美元的為期兩年的合同。
2. Volunteer with the Peace Corps: The volunteer service organization has multiple options for former medical students to decrease their debt – their Global Health Service Partnership is one of them. Launched in 2013 through a partnership with SEED Global Health, an organization that aims to improve health conditions globally, and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, this program awards doctors up to $30,000 to reduce educational debt and other kinds of debt.
"Volunteers primarily function as physician or nursing educators and also participate in direct clinical care as appropriate to their teaching roles," says the Peace Corps’ website.In 2013, about 30 physicians and nurses participated in the program, which sent participants to Tanzania, Malawi and Uganda. Doctors and nurses are required to serve for one year, but can apply for a second term.Students who volunteer with the Peace Corps outside of the Global Health Service Partnership may also slash much of their debt.Those who volunteer after medical school may be eligible to have some of their Perkins loan forgiven if they contribute service and don’t consolidate the loan with a non-Perkins loan. A graduate who volunteers for four years can be eligible to have as much as 70 percent of a Perkins loan forgiven.Students should know that the U.S. Department of Education sets the guidelines for partial Perkins loan cancellations, not the Peace Corps. Because this option is not exclusive to medical students, premed students may consider it for undergraduate debt.
2.做和平隊志愿者:志愿服務機構有多種選擇，可以讓以前的醫(yī)學院學生減少他們的債務——他們的全球衛(wèi)生服務伙伴關系就是其中之一。該計劃于2013年通過與種子全球健康組織的合作發(fā)起，該組織旨在改善全球的健康狀況以及總統(tǒng)防治艾滋病的緊急計劃，該計劃向醫(yī)生提供高達3萬美元的獎勵，以減少教育債務和其他類型的債務。
和平隊的網(wǎng)站上說:“志愿者主要是作為醫(yī)生或護理教育者同時也參與到與他們的教學角色相適應的直接臨床護理中?！?013年，約有30名醫(yī)生和護士參加了該項目，并將參與者送往坦桑尼亞、馬拉維和烏干達。醫(yī)生和護士需要服務一年，但可以申請第二學期。在全球衛(wèi)生服務伙伴關系之外志愿參與和平隊的學生也可能削減他們的大部分債務。那些在醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)的人可能有資格獲得他們的一些帕金斯貸款，如果他們提供服務，并沒有通過非珀金斯貸款來鞏固貸款。一名志愿服務四年的畢業(yè)生可以獲得高達70%的帕金斯貸款減免。學生們應該知道，美國教育部規(guī)定了部分Perkins貸款取消的準則。因為這個選項不是醫(yī)學院學生的專屬，醫(yī)學院預科生可能會把它看作是本科生的債務。
3. Seek out merit scholarships: In a few instances, medical students may find themselves eligible for a high-dollar scholarship while in the midst of their studies. At the Howard University College of Medicine, students can receive the Board of Trustees Scholarship, which is available to top performing medical students, says Rozanna Aitcheson, the college’s financial aid manager.“Approximately 10 students in each class receive Board of Trustees Scholarships,” she says – a sizable number at a school where medical school classes usually consist of 110 students. Of the 10 scholarship recipients, two students receive scholarships that cover the entire tuition.The school offers a number of other scholarships as well, Aitcheson says, to minimize the likelihood of cost preventing someone from pursuing their medical education. Howard also offers a number of workshops to inform students about the benefits of learning how to manage their finances during and after school.
3.尋求優(yōu)秀獎學金:在一些情況下，醫(yī)學院學生可能會在他們的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有資格獲得高獎學金。在霍華德大學醫(yī)學院，學生們可以獲得校董事會的獎學金，這是一種可以讓優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)學院學生獲得的獎學金，學院的財務援助經(jīng)理Rozanna Aitcheson說。她說:“每個班大約有10名學生獲得了董事會的獎學金，”她說，在醫(yī)學院通常由110名學生組成的一所學校，這一人數(shù)相當可觀。在10個獎學金獲得者中，有兩個學生獲得了覆蓋整個學費的獎學金。艾奇遜說，學校還提供了一些其他的獎學金，以最大限度地降低人們從事醫(yī)學教育的成本。Howard還提供了一些研討會，告訴學生學習如何在學校和放學后管理他們的財務。
第二部分：申請獎學金
Haley says she has no regrets about her military service commitment and the financial freedom she gained as a result of attending military medical school. But attending a tuition-free medical school is not the only route to a free medical education.Medical school applicants with excellent test scores, grades and extracurricular activities may be able to pay for their entire medical school education by winning scholarship money, experts say, though getting that financial windfall won't come easily.Here are three ways experts say prospective medical students can fund medical school through scholarships.
Haley 聲稱，她對自己的兵役承諾和上軍醫(yī)學校獲得的財政自由毫不后悔。但是，參加無學費的醫(yī)學院并不是實現(xiàn)免費醫(yī)學教育的唯一途徑。專家表示，擁有優(yōu)異考試成績、成績和課外活動的醫(yī)學院申請者，也許能夠通過獲得獎學金來支付整個醫(yī)學院的教育費用，盡管獲得這筆意外之財并不容易。專家表示，未來的醫(yī)學院學生可以通過獎學金來資助醫(yī)學院。
1. Look for local scholarship opportunities: Experts say medical school applicants often forget to apply for small, local scholarships, which is a big mistake, because those tend to be less competitive than national scholarships. If you combine multiple small scholarships, that can add up to a big payoff.“What I usually recommend to students when they’re looking for scholarships is start local," says John Gracey, assistant director of student financial services at the University of Central Florida College of Medicine. He says local rotary clubs, women's professional organizations, hospitals and nonprofits frequently offer medical school scholarships.
1.尋找當?shù)氐莫剬W金機會：專家說，醫(yī)學院的申請者經(jīng)常忘記申請小型的地方獎學金，這是一個很大的錯誤，因為這些獎學金的競爭力往往不如國家獎學金。如果你把多個小的獎學金結(jié)合起來，就會有很大的收獲?！拔彝ǔ＝ㄗh學生在尋找獎學金時，要先從當?shù)亻_始，”中部佛羅里達大學醫(yī)學院的學生金融服務助理主管約翰?格雷斯表示。他說，當?shù)氐姆鲚喩?、婦女專業(yè)團體、醫(yī)院和非營利組織經(jīng)常提供醫(yī)學院獎學金。
2. Consider federally funded scholarships: The U.S. federal government offers full scholarships to medical students who promise to become primary care doctors in areas of the country with a health care shortage or who commit to working as active-duty military physicians.Experts say these are exceptional opportunities for students who know for sure what kind of doctor they want to become but are inappropriate for those who lack a clear career path.Dr. Luis Padilla, director of the National Health Service Corps Program, says the NHSC's highly competitive full scholarship is designed for medical students who are passionate about providing primary care to underprivileged communities with doctor shortages.
2.考慮聯(lián)邦政府資助的獎學金:美國聯(lián)邦政府向醫(yī)學院學生提供全額獎學金，要求這些學生承諾在醫(yī)療保健短缺的地區(qū)成為初級保健醫(yī)生或承諾成為現(xiàn)役軍人醫(yī)生。專家們說，對于那些知道自己想要成為什么樣的醫(yī)生的學生來說，這些都是非常好的機會，但對于那些缺乏明確職業(yè)道路的人來說，這是不合適的。國家衛(wèi)生服務隊項目主任Luis Padilla說，NHSC高度競爭的全額獎學金是為那些熱衷于向貧困社區(qū)提供初級保健服務的醫(yī)學院學生設計的。該獎學金需要一年的工作，作為一名初級保健醫(yī)生在一個服務不足的地區(qū)每年獲得獎學金，至少兩年的服務?！笔欠浅０嘿F的這些網(wǎng)站來取代一個臨床醫(yī)生,因此聯(lián)邦政府投資了很多錢到這些學者,我們希望看到他們在服務水平低下的職業(yè)在初級保健和醫(yī)藥,”帕迪拉說,世衛(wèi)組織還在衛(wèi)生人力資源局的副署長在衛(wèi)生資源和服務管理局。同樣，專家們說，未來的醫(yī)學生應該評估軍事生涯是否適合他們。如果是這樣的話，他們可以申請一個專為軍方資助的健康職業(yè)獎學金項目的名額，該項目提供全額獎學金給醫(yī)學院，以換取作為一名軍事醫(yī)生的義務。獎學金獲得者必須每年執(zhí)行一年的活動義務服務，獲得獎學金，最少三年的服務。
3. Apply to medical schools with merit scholarships: A select group of medical schools offer full merit scholarships, including highly ranked schools, such as the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California—Los Angeles.But experts say these merit scholarships are rare opportunities reserved for the most promising medical school applicants.Dr. Clarence Braddock III, vice dean for education at UCLA's medical school, puts it this way: "What we’re looking for is not so much to reward prior achievement but to identify individuals who show the potential to make a big impact in the world.
3.申請獲得獎學金的醫(yī)學院:精選的醫(yī)學院提供全額獎學金，包括排名靠前的學校，如賓夕法尼亞大學的佩雷爾曼醫(yī)學院和加州大學洛杉磯分校的大衛(wèi)格芬醫(yī)學院。但專家表示，這些獎學金是為最有前途的醫(yī)學院申請者保留的難得機會。加州大學洛杉磯分校醫(yī)學院教育副院長克萊倫斯·布拉多克這樣解釋道:“我們想要的與其說是獎勵以前的成就，還不如說是為了找出那些有潛力在世界上產(chǎn)生巨大影響的人?！?BR> "If you dream of becoming a doctor, you already know that you’ll be spending a lot more time in school than most people. While four-year bachelor’s degrees are the ultimate goal for many college students, they’re just the first step on the road to a career in medicine.Your undergraduate education will be followed by an intensive four years in medical school. And after you earn your M.D. or D.O., you’ll spend three to five years in residency learning a specialty.It’s a long, difficult process, and costs can add up. While salaries for medical school graduates are among the highest for any profession, the median total debt for new doctors was $175,000 in 2013. Fortunately, there are scholarships for medical school students that can help you focus more on your studies and less on your tuition bills.
“如果你夢想成為一名醫(yī)生，你就一定已經(jīng)知道，你在學校的花費要比大多數(shù)人多得多。”雖然大學四年的學士學位是許多大學生的終極目標，但這只是邁向醫(yī)學事業(yè)的第一步。你的本科教育將會伴隨四年的醫(yī)學教育。在你獲得醫(yī)學博士或博士學位后你將花三到五年的時間來學習一門專業(yè)。這是一個漫長而艱難的過程，而且成本會增加。盡管醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)生的薪水是所有職業(yè)中最高的，但2013年新醫(yī)生的總債務中位數(shù)為17.5萬美元。幸運的是，有給醫(yī)學院學生的獎學金可以幫助你把更多的精力放在學習上，減少你的學費和大多數(shù)有競爭力的研究生項目一樣，你學校的助學金辦公室是你開始獎學金搜索的最好的地方。絕大多數(shù)基于需求和擇優(yōu)的醫(yī)學院學生獎學金直接來自學院和大學本身。舉個例子，看看布朗大學阿爾珀特醫(yī)學院提供的長期獎學金名單。當你在探索你的醫(yī)學院選擇時，一定要花一些時間和一個顧問討論你的財務援助方案，不要忘記完成你的FAFSA，就像你為你的本科教育所做的一樣。
Of course, even the most generous institutional aid is unlikely to cover your entire tuition, which can range up to an average of more than $55,000 per year. To help cover the gap, turn to private scholarships – many of which you can seek out based on your specialization, your ethnic background or where you live.The National Medical Fellowships are a group of scholarships awarded primarily to students who are underrepresented in the medical community, and to those who focus on underserved areas. NMF scholarships and fellowships go to everyone from first-year med school students to residents. Restrictions and deadlines vary, so explore the site to find a fit for you.
當然，即使是最慷慨的機構資助也不太可能覆蓋你的全部學費，每年的學費平均在55000美元以上。為了彌補這一差距，你可以求助于私人獎學金——你可以根據(jù)自己的專長、種族背景或居住地來尋求這些獎學金。國家醫(yī)療獎學金是一組獎學金，主要頒發(fā)給那些在醫(yī)療團體中表現(xiàn)不佳的學生，以及那些專注于服務不足地區(qū)的學生。NMF獎學金和獎學金由醫(yī)學院的一年級學生到當?shù)鼐用?。限制和期限各不相同，所以探索這個網(wǎng)站來找到適合你的。像華裔美國醫(yī)師協(xié)會和越南裔美國醫(yī)學協(xié)會這樣的社區(qū)團體也提供獎學金，不管你的背景如何，他們都值得你去調(diào)查。例如，CAPS獎學金并不要求申請人有中國血統(tǒng)。雖然普通的私人獎學金對醫(yī)學院學生來說并不像在本科階段那樣普遍，但也有一些機會對所有人開放。最有聲望和利潤豐厚的是美國醫(yī)學會明天的內(nèi)科醫(yī)師協(xié)會，該協(xié)會為其年度獲獎者提供1萬美元的獎金。優(yōu)秀的三年級醫(yī)學生可以通過醫(yī)學院院長辦公室申請的醫(yī)學類獎學金。雖然許多獎學金已經(jīng)關閉了他們的申請周期，但美國醫(yī)學協(xié)會將在5月29日接受申請。
Third-year students who intend to specialize in family medicine are eligible to apply for the Pisacano Scholars Leadership Program, which provides up to $28,000 each to up to five annual recipients. This unique award is paid over four years: The final year of medical school, and the three years of family medicine residency.Applications are typically due at the end of February or beginning of March, so if you’ll be a third-year student next year, bookmark this opportunity now.Finally, if you’ve found that your passion leads you toward medical or biomed research, look into Achievement Rewards for College Scientists, which provides financial support to scholars in science, engineering and medical research at 54 partner universities across the U.S.ARCS awards aren’t specific to medical school, but alumni of the program have gone on to do groundbreaking research on everything from musculoskeletal disease to Parkinson’s disease.
打算專攻家庭醫(yī)學的三年級學生有資格申請皮薩卡諾學者領導項目，該項目最多可為5名年度受助人提供最多2.8萬美元的資助。這個獨特的獎項是在四年的時間里支付的:醫(yī)學院的最后一年，以及三年的家庭醫(yī)學實習期。申請通常是在2月底或3月初到期，所以如果你明年是一名三年級學生，現(xiàn)在就把這個機會收藏起來。最后，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你的熱情引領你走向醫(yī)學或生物醫(yī)學的研究，那么你可以看看大學科學家的成就獎勵，美國54所大學的科學、工程和醫(yī)學研究提供了資金支持ARCS獎，但是，這并不是專門針對醫(yī)學院的，但該項目的校友們已經(jīng)開始對從肌肉骨骼疾病到帕金森氏癥等各種疾病進行開創(chuàng)性的研究。
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