挪威的奧斯陸大學(xué)始建于1811年，是挪威規(guī)模最大、國際聲譽(yù)最高、歷史最悠久的綜合性大學(xué)。那么跟著出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)一起來了解下挪威奧斯陸大學(xué)基本概況吧，歡迎閱讀。
一、關(guān)于奧斯陸大學(xué)
The University of Oslo was founded in 1811 as the first in Norway.Located mainly on Blindern Campus in the northern part of Oslo, UiO has eight faculties:,Faculty of Medicine,Faculty of Dentistry,Faculty of Law,Faculty of Theology,Faculty of Humanities,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,Faculty of Social Sciences,Faculty of Education Sciences.The capital university is also home to the Viking Ship Museum, the Historical Museum and the Natural History Museum, a Main Library with 3.6 million holdings and a wide range of associated units and centres.The University of Oslo has an operating annual budget of NOK 6.6 billion, and most of its funding comes from the Norwegian Government.Ranking:UiO is the highest ranked institution of education and research in Norway - and one of the World's Top 100 universities, according to the Shanghai World Ranking. With five Nobel Prize winners, UiO has a strong track record of pioneering research and scientific discovery.Research:As a classical university with a broad range of academic disciplines, UiO has top research communities in most areas. Moreover, UiO currently has 8 National Centres of Excellence and a strategic focus on interdisciplinary research in the field of energy and life sciences in particular. As a broadly based, non-profit research university, UiO has access to good public funding schemes. Lab and office facilities, libraries and technical support are at the high end.Education:UiO offers more than 800 courses in English at all levels, around 40 Master’s degree programmes taught entirely in English and several PhD programmes. UiO focuses on research-based education and attracts highly qualified students from all over the country.Internationalization:UiO attracts students and researchers from all over the world. As of 2015, 15 percent of the student population is from foreign countries. 22 percent of the academic staff and 31 percent of the PhD candidates are from abroad.
奧斯陸大學(xué)成立于1811年，是挪威的第一所大學(xué)。奧斯陸大學(xué)位于奧斯陸北部的Blindern校區(qū)，共擁有八個學(xué)院：醫(yī)學(xué)系、牙醫(yī)學(xué)院、法律系、神學(xué)院、人文學(xué)院、數(shù)學(xué)與自然科學(xué)學(xué)院、社會科學(xué)學(xué)院、教育科學(xué)學(xué)院。首都大學(xué)也是維京船博物館，歷史博物館和自然歷史博物館，擁有360萬套主要圖書館和各種相關(guān)單位和中心的主圖書館。奧斯陸大學(xué)的經(jīng)營年度預(yù)算為66億挪威克朗其大部分資金來自挪威政府。排行：根據(jù)上海世界排名，奧斯陸大學(xué)是挪威最高排名的教育和研究機(jī)構(gòu)也是世界百強(qiáng)大學(xué)之一。有五名諾貝爾獎獲得者，奧斯陸大學(xué)在開拓研究和科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)方面擁有良好的記錄。研究：作為具有廣泛學(xué)科的古典大學(xué)，奧斯陸大學(xué)在大多數(shù)領(lǐng)域擁有頂尖的研究團(tuán)體。此外，奧斯陸大學(xué)目前擁有8個國家卓越中心，特別是在能源和生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行跨學(xué)科研究的戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)。作為一個廣泛的非營利性研究型大學(xué)，奧斯陸大學(xué)可以獲得良好的公共資助計劃。實(shí)驗(yàn)室和辦公設(shè)施，圖書館和技術(shù)支持處于高端的位置。教育：奧斯陸大學(xué)在各級提供800多個英語課程，約40個碩士學(xué)位課程完全用英語完成。奧斯陸大學(xué)專注于研究型教育，吸引來自全國各地的高素質(zhì)學(xué)生。國際化：奧斯陸大學(xué)吸引了來自世界各地的學(xué)生和研究人員。截至2015年，15%的學(xué)生來自國外、22%的學(xué)術(shù)人員和31%的博士生來自國外。
二、歷史沿革
1811:King Frederick VI of Denmark had long been opposed to the idea of establishing any university in the province of Norway, fearing it might stir up separatist emotions. But in 1811, after a successful campaign, the Danish king is persuaded: Norway will have its first university, the Royal Frederick University, Universitas Regia Fredericiana.
1813:The university opens in Christiania (the former name of Oslo), counting 7 professors and 18 students. At this time, Christiania is still a provincial town in a country without a capital. A year later, however, things change dramatically: Norway declares its independence and adopts its own constitution in 1814.
1833:The University’s Astronomical Observatory in Christiania is built. Designed for cartographic, astronomic and other observational purposes, Christopher Hansteen’s observatory becomes an important symbol of national identity and a landmark of scientific progress.
1852:Two years after the completion of the King’s castle, the university moves into its stately new buildings at Karl Johans gate. The castle, the university and later the Parliament will form an architectural axis of power.
1882The University of Oslo enrolls its first female student, Ida Cecilie Thoresen.
1906:W.C. Br?gger is appointed the first rector (president) of the university.
1912:Kristine Bonnevie becomes the first female professor at the Royal Frederik University, one year before Norwegian women are given the right to vote.
1913:The University Library building opens in Henrik Ibsen’s gate (formerly Drammensveien), serving as Norway’s National Library until 1989.
1922:Fridtjof Nansen - explorer, scientist and national icon - is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work for refugees and victims of World War I.
1936:The first buildings at Blindern Campus officially open.
1939:The student welfare organization (SIO) is established.
1943:Nazi occupants take action against the university. 650 male students are deported.
1947:The Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund, L?nekassen, is established, granting financial support to students. This enables more young people to get a higher education.
1962:The extended Blindern Campus opens. Baby boomers flock to a modern university with spacious and functional buildings. Over the next decade, the number of UiO students will triple.
1969:Ragnar Frisch is awarded the first Nobel Prize in Economics and Odd Hassel gets the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
1970:The number of students reaches 16,800, three times that in 1960.
1973:Ivar Gi?ver is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
1982:Female students outnumber the male student population.
1989:Trygve Haavelmo is awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics.
1999:The New University Library building, Georg Sverdrup’s hus, opens at Blindern, replacing the old one from 1913.
2003:The University of Oslo implements the Quality Reform, program structures, grade systems, exams etc. are reshaped entirely.
2011:The University celebrates its bicentennial with a number of festive events.
丹麥國王弗雷德里克六世長期以來一直反對在挪威省建立任何大學(xué)的想法，擔(dān)心會引起分裂主義的情緒。但在1811年，成功的運(yùn)動后，丹麥國王被說服：挪威將擁有其第一所大學(xué)，皇家弗雷德里克大學(xué)，瑞士大學(xué) Fredericiana大學(xué)。
1813年：大學(xué)在克里斯蒂安(奧斯陸的前名)開設(shè)，當(dāng)時共有7名教授和18名學(xué)生。在這個時候，基督教仍然是一個沒有資本的國家的省級城鎮(zhèn)。一年后，事情發(fā)生了巨大變化：挪威宣布獨(dú)立，并于1814年通過自己的憲法。
1833年：大教堂的基督教天文臺建成。該建筑是用于制圖、天文和其他觀測目的，克里斯托弗·漢斯坦恩的觀測站成為國家認(rèn)同的重要標(biāo)志是科學(xué)進(jìn)步的里程碑。
1852年：國王城堡完成兩年后，大學(xué)搬到了Karl Johans大門的新建筑。大學(xué)后來的議會將形成一個建筑的權(quán)力軸。
1882年：奧斯陸大學(xué)招收了第一位女學(xué)生Ida Cecilie Thoresen。
1906年：WCBr?gger被任命為大學(xué)的第一任校長。
1912年：克里斯汀·邦內(nèi)維奇(Kristine Bonnevie)成為皇家弗雷德里克大學(xué)(Royal Frederik University)的第一位女教授，挪威婦女首次有權(quán)投票。
1913年：大學(xué)圖書館大樓在Henrik Ibsen的門口(以前稱為Drammensveien)開放，直到1989年為挪威國家圖書館。
1922年：Fridtjof Nansen - 探險家，科學(xué)家和國家圖標(biāo) - 獲得諾貝爾和平獎為難民和第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的受害者工作。
1936年：Blindern校區(qū)的第一座建筑正式開放。
1939年：學(xué)生福利機(jī)構(gòu)(SIO)成立。
1943年：納粹占領(lǐng)者對大學(xué)采取行動。650名男學(xué)生被驅(qū)逐出境。
1947年：成立挪威國家教育貸款基金會(L?nekassen)，為學(xué)生提供財政支持。這使更多的年輕人得到高等教育。
1962年：擴(kuò)大的Blindern校區(qū)開放。嬰兒潮一代涌入現(xiàn)代化的大學(xué)，寬敞而實(shí)用的建筑物。在接下來的十年中，UiO學(xué)生人數(shù)將增加三倍。
1969年：Ragnar Frisch獲得第一屆諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎，Odd Hassel獲得諾貝爾化學(xué)獎。
1970年：學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到16,800人，是1960年的三倍。
1973年：IvarGi?ver獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎。
1982年：女學(xué)生人數(shù)超過男生。
1989年：Trygve Haavelmo被授予諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎。
1999年：新大學(xué)圖書館大樓Georg Sverdrup的大佬在Blindern開幕，從1913年代替了舊的。
2003年：奧斯陸大學(xué)實(shí)施質(zhì)量改革，計劃結(jié)構(gòu)，成績體系，考試等全面重塑。
2011年：大學(xué)慶祝其二百周年與一些節(jié)日活動。
三、教研優(yōu)勢
1.研究精益求精
EU funding:UiO has participated in the EU framework programmes for research and development since 1991, and is the Norwegian university with the largest EU portfolio.
ERC grants:Researchers at UiO have received 39 grants from the European Research Council.European Research Council grants support individual researchers of any nationality and age who wish to pursue their frontier research.
World-leading research communities:The national budget for 2015 allocated NOK 31.2 million to the University of Oslo to develop more world-leading research communities. Five of these have now been selected.
Centres of Excellence:There are ten Centres of Excellence (SFF) at the University of Oslo (UiO). Our research groups have been given the SFF-title for a period of ten years.
Centres for Research-based Innovation:The University of Oslo hosts one Centre for Research Based Innovation
歐盟的資金：自1991年以來，奧斯陸大學(xué)參與了歐盟的研究和發(fā)展框架項(xiàng)目是擁有歐盟最大投資組合的挪威大學(xué)。
倫理委員會授予：來自歐洲研究委員會的研究人員已經(jīng)收到來自歐洲研究委員會的39項(xiàng)資助。歐洲研究委員會資助任何國籍和年齡的個體研究人員，他們希望從事前沿研究。
世界領(lǐng)先的研究社區(qū)：2015年的國家預(yù)算向奧斯陸大學(xué)撥款3120萬美元，以開發(fā)更多世界領(lǐng)先的研究社區(qū)。其中5個已經(jīng)被選中。
卓越中心：奧斯陸大學(xué)有10個卓越中心。我們的研究小組已經(jīng)被授予了10年的sff頭銜。
研究型創(chuàng)新中心：奧斯陸大學(xué)主辦了一個基于創(chuàng)新的研究中心
2.戰(zhàn)略研究領(lǐng)域
研究領(lǐng)域一：生命科學(xué)
UiO:Life Science is the largest priority area in the history of the University. UiO houses more than 1 000 persons working with life sciences. They acquire new insight into the nature of life, ageing and disease, and help to address societal challenges with regard to health and the environment. A planned building to house the life sciences, chemistry and pharmacy is a significant aspect of the priority area.
生命科學(xué)是大學(xué)歷史上最重要的領(lǐng)域。奧斯陸大學(xué)擁有超過1000人從事生命科學(xué)工作。他們對生命、老齡化和疾病的性質(zhì)有了新的認(rèn)識，并幫助解決了健康和環(huán)境方面的社會挑戰(zhàn)。生活科學(xué)，化學(xué)和藥學(xué)的計劃建筑是重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域的重要方面。
研究領(lǐng)域二：能源
UiO:Energy has defined four main research areas across the university. These are based on societal needs, solid research teams and external funding opportunities.Materials for Energy: We need new materials to make energy use more sustainable and efficient.Energy systems: We need a new energy system to balance the multitude of energy sources, such as wind and solar, and producers.Carbon Capture and Storage: Improving technologies that will reduce CO2-emissions from fossil fuels.Energy Transition and Sustainable Societies: New knowledge about societal, political and judicial aspects is needed to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon society.
能源已經(jīng)確定了整個大學(xué)的四個主要研究領(lǐng)域。這些都是基于社會需求，堅實(shí)的研究團(tuán)隊和外部籌資機(jī)會。能源材料：我們需要新材料使能源使用更加可持續(xù)和高效。能源系統(tǒng)：我們需要一個新的能源系統(tǒng)來平衡風(fēng)能和太陽能等能源以及生產(chǎn)者。碳捕獲和儲存：改進(jìn)減少化石燃料二氧化碳排放的技術(shù)。能源轉(zhuǎn)型和可持續(xù)社會：需要有關(guān)社會，政治和司法方面的新知識，以加速向低碳社會的轉(zhuǎn)型。
研究領(lǐng)域三：加強(qiáng)跨學(xué)科教育計劃
The main goals for UiO’s Nordic initiative are to:Generate new knowledge about Nordic characteristics in an international context.Use inter-disciplinary approaches as a means to achieve UiO’s strategic plan in the period until 2020.Increase the scope of external funding.Reinforce our collaboration with external social interests and users.Reinforce inter-disciplinary educational programmes, relevance and quality of studies.
北歐倡議的主要目標(biāo)是：在國際上形成關(guān)于北歐特色的新知識。使用跨學(xué)科方法作為在2020年之前實(shí)現(xiàn)奧斯陸大學(xué)戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃的手段。增加外部資金的范圍。加強(qiáng)與外部社會利益和用戶的合作。加強(qiáng)跨學(xué)科教育計劃，相關(guān)性和研究質(zhì)量。
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