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中考英語?？家谆煜闹R(shí)點(diǎn)(四)
151. I learned that her father ____ in 1950.A had died B died C dead D is dead
解析：該題正確答案為B。從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作雖然發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，但因從句中有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語in 1950, 所以不用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，而用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
152. The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents. A is looked B has looked forC is being looked for D has been looked解析：該題正確答案為C。在帶有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)句中，介詞不能省，否則就變成了不及物動(dòng)詞短語，而不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中。
153. We had hoped that he ____ longer.A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：該題正確答案為D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動(dòng)詞還有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虛擬語氣
154. "Mary wants to see you today"."I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today." A comes B came C should come D will come解析：該題正確答案為B。would rather后面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)表示。
155. It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.A put away B kept up C given away D laid up
解析：該題正確答案為A。意為"存";keep up意為"繼續(xù)";give away意為"分發(fā)";lay up"
156. She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you. A going B to go C for going D went
解析：該題正確答案為A。 feel like = want, 此處like 為介詞，后面要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語
157. _______ if he had any bad habit, she replied that he was a heavy smoker.A. Ask B. To ask C. Asked D. Asking解析：該題答案為C。主語she是被問。
158. They _______ to walk in the street at might. A. didn't dare B. not dared C. not dare D. dared not
解析，該題答案為A， 此空需選一動(dòng)詞作謂語，因?yàn)楹竺媸莟o walk, didn't dare是行為動(dòng)詞dare過去時(shí)態(tài)的否定形式。
159. When he was very old, Mr. Smith _______ sit for hours without saying a word. A. would B. should C. must D. used解析，該題答案為A, would此處表過去的傾向性，習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，意為"總是"如: When we were children, we would go swimming every summer.
160. Don't forget to post the letter, _______ ? A. will you B. do you C. won't you D. shall you
解析：該題答案為A， 在否定句、祈使句后只用"will you"?，但肯定的祈使句后可用如，Wait for me, will (won't, can, can't, could) you?
161.He hardly writes to you, _______ ?A. doesn't he B. does he C. do they D. has he
解析：該題答案為B，hardly否定副詞，反問部分要用肯定形式。
162. _______ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business. A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when解析：該題答案為B。whether可以和or連用，if不可以，此外if一般僅用于賓語從句。
163. The way _______ these comrades look at problems is wrong. A. where B. in that C.X D. with which解析：該題答案為C，先行詞是way，定語從句中用that或 in which來引導(dǎo)或不填。
164. ____a long time since I saw you last time.A.It was B. It is C. It had been D. It can be
解析：該題答案為B，It is +時(shí)間數(shù)+ since引導(dǎo)的從句是一個(gè)句型，意為"從…時(shí)候以來過了多久了。"
165. The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.
A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built 解析：該題答案為A。works形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意思上是單數(shù)，因此謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，類似的還有news, maths, politics, physics.
166.They each _______ a copy of the new physics. A. have B. has C. having D. gets
解析：該題答案為A。They each不等于each of …, each of 這個(gè)詞組作主語謂語用單數(shù)如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主語，謂語要隨each前面的詞來變化。
167.Not only ____ this machine but ____ it. A. can he run……can he repair B. can he run……h(huán)e can repair
C. he can run……h(huán)e can repair D. he can run……can he repair
解析：該題答案為B，在not only……but (also)句型中，只有but前面的部分倒裝，but后面仍是正常語序。
168.____ that he went to sleep.A It was until midnight B That was until midnight
C It was not until midnight D That was not until midnight解析：該題答案為C。強(qiáng)調(diào)until結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要將否定詞not移到until前。又如：He didn't leave until twelve 改為It was not until twelve that he left.
169. There are a lot of students ____ in the class room.A talk B talking C talked D to talk
解析：該題正確答案為B。 There be句型為倒裝句，可換為A lot of students are talking in the class room. 又如：There is a lot of noise heard out in the street.
170. While ____my homework, I heard a cry for help.A do B did C doing D having done
解析：該題答案為C。該空處省略了I'm,相當(dāng)于while I'm doing my home work.如：While playing guitar, he is singing.
171. The bus ____C__ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been
Are you __A___ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on
He __C______ foe 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up
You mustn't ___B_____ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left
172. —These farmers have been to the United States. —Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)容易混淆，就是因?yàn)樗鼈兯硎镜膭?dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但二者又有區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，它不與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(如yesterday ， last week ， a moment ago等)連用。故9的正確答案為B.
173. His father ______ the Party since 1978.A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來代替。故11的正確答案依次為：D.
174. You must make your new house clean and safe __C_____you move in. A.because B.when C.before D.until
I was_______tired_______I couldn't walk on.(A)A.so…that B.too…to C.very…that D.very…to
I thought he___D____to see his mother if he time.
A.will go…h(huán)as B.will go …will have C.would go …would have D.would go …h(huán)ad
175. Today the forests have almost gone. People must ___C____ down too many trees.
A. stop from cutting B. stop to cut C. be stopped from cutting D. be stopped to cut
176.It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.(B)
A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to
177. My mother was very glad __A____ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
"be +形容詞+ to do sth"結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。
178. . The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改為意思相同的句子)
The hole ______ ______ ______ ______ such a fat panda to go through.( is， too， small， for)
"too +形容詞/副詞(for sb)to do…"(太……而不能……)和"enough (for sb) to do…"(足以、足夠……做……)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語。
179. The new hospital ___ D ___ is near the factory. A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者(賓語)時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式，即：to be +過去分詞;如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，不定式用完成式，即：to have +過去分詞;如果不定式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，用不定式的進(jìn)行式，即：to be +現(xiàn)在分詞
180.________ China isn't rich now, ________we're working hard to make her richer and stronger(B)
A. Though; but B. Though; / C. Both; and D. Because; so
so(因此; 所以)為并列連詞，表示結(jié)果;because(因?yàn)?為從屬連詞，表示原因，但這對(duì)因果連詞在句中不可同時(shí)并用。but(可是)也為并列連詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，與之對(duì)應(yīng)的從屬連詞though/although (雖然)表示讓步，它們也不可在句中同時(shí)使用。
181. Be careful! The water is too hot. You'd better ___C___ it right now. A. do not drink B. not to drink C. not drink D. not drinking 【考點(diǎn)】 You'd better 為You had better的縮略式。sb had better (not) do sth為一常用句型，意為“某人最好(不)去做某事”，請(qǐng)大家務(wù)必關(guān)注其否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
182. We found ___A____ necessary to protect the environment. A. it B. this C. that D. what
【考點(diǎn)】 “主語+find+ it +adj. + to do sth”為一常用句型，意為“某人發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事……”，其中it為形式賓語(此時(shí)不可用this/that/one等代詞替換)，真實(shí)的賓語為后置的不定式短語。
183..中文：從戰(zhàn)爭開始時(shí)他就一直在那里工作。(誤)He has worked there since the war has begun.
(正)He has worked there since the war began.(since引導(dǎo)的從句表示過去的某時(shí)間點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。)
184. 中文：他去年離開家我就一直沒有見過他。(誤)He left home last year and I did not see him since.
(正)He left home last year and I haven\'t seen him since.(since后面省去的是he left home last year，前面的句子要用完成時(shí)。)
185. 中文：我去看他們的時(shí)候他們?cè)诔酝聿汀?誤)They had supper when I went to see them.
(正)They were having supper when I went to see them.(他們?cè)诔酝聿褪窃谶^去我去看他們的時(shí)間某一點(diǎn)上正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。)
中文：她兩個(gè)月前去澳洲了，她許多年前到過那里。(誤)She went to Australia two months ago. She has been there many years before.(正)She went to Australia two months ago. She had been there many years before.(many years before是從過去的某時(shí)之前算起的，表示過去的過去，要和過去完成時(shí)連用。)
186.Neither he nor you is good at English.(×)Neither he nor you are good at English.(√)
析：either... or...，neither... nor...，not only...，but also...等詞組連接句子的兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致原則”，即由靠近謂語的那個(gè)主語決定謂語的人稱和數(shù)用何種形式。
187. I can't help _____ the house this afternoon A. sweeping B. sweep C. swept D. with sweep
B。易錯(cuò)選A，學(xué)生誤用了短語can’t help v-ing。但此題不是“忍不住”之意，而是“不能幫……”之意。
188.The lift is used to ____ up and down every day.A. going B. went C. go D. gone
C.易錯(cuò)選A，學(xué)生是根據(jù)短語be used to v-ing(習(xí)慣于…)做出的選擇。但此題的be used to是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不是“習(xí)慣于…”而是“被用來做……”。
189. My pen ____ better than yours. I may lend it to you.A. is written B. wrote C. writes D. is writing
C。易錯(cuò)選A，學(xué)生認(rèn)為“物”作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但此句中并不是pen“被寫”，不能用被動(dòng)形式。
190.____ my visit to France, I arrived ____Paris the first. A. At, in B. On, at C. During, to D. In, on
B。易錯(cuò)選A，學(xué)生的根據(jù)是巴黎是大地方所以應(yīng)用介詞in。但根據(jù)此題之意，巴黎是“我”訪問法國的第一站而非目的地。在“我”的訪問的行程中，巴黎只是旅途中的一個(gè)“點(diǎn)”，故宜用at。
191.— Could you tell them____?— Of course, she lives in Shanghai Road. (昆明市)
A. where Lily livesB. where Lily livedC. where did Lily liveD. where to live in
A。易錯(cuò)選B，學(xué)生一看到could，就認(rèn)為應(yīng)該選過去時(shí)lived。但此題是表示委婉語氣，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
192. He hasn't heard from his friend ____ last month.
A. since B. by the end of C. for D. until
A。易錯(cuò)選B或D。not…until，和last month應(yīng)與過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，而不是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)連用。
193. I didn't buy the dictionary yesterday ____ my aunt would give me one. (河南)
A. until B. because C. if D. before
B。易錯(cuò)選A，學(xué)生只是根據(jù)固定搭配not…until來選擇，而沒有去理解該句的意思。句意為因?yàn)楣霉靡o我買一本，所以我不買了，是因果關(guān)系，不是時(shí)間關(guān)系。
194____ is your father?—The tall man with a pair of glasses under the tree. . A. Who B. Where C. What D. Which【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A或B或C。如果不看語境把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入句中意思都很通順。答語意為“樹底下那個(gè)戴著眼鏡的高個(gè)子男人”。由此可知問句的意思應(yīng)該為“哪一個(gè)是你父親”。因此正確答案為D。
195—What would you like to drink?—It doesn’t matter. _______ will do. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Something D. Anything【解析】如果不看語境把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入句中意思都很通。其實(shí)，這里的語境為“你想喝點(diǎn)什么?”“沒關(guān)系，任何東西都行”。正確答案為D。
196. —What is your favourite _______?—Summer. I can go swimming at that time.
A. festival B. season C. month D. weather【解析】如果不看語境，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入句中意思都很通順。由答語可知問句所問的是最喜愛哪個(gè)季節(jié)，因此正確答案為B。
197. It’s _______ hot _______ cold all the year round in Kunming. It’s called “Spring City. ”
A. either, or B. neither, nor C. both, and D. neither, or
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A或C。這是由于忽略語境造成的。如果不看下文中的It’s called “Spring City. ”那么從語法角度來看A、B、C三項(xiàng)都沒有錯(cuò)。但在這里只有B項(xiàng)才符合語境要表達(dá)的意思。正確答案為B。
198.Don’t throw waste paper on the ground. Please _______.
A. pick them up B. pick up them C. pick it up D. pick up it
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A。這是由于忽略語境造成的，如果不注意上文中的waste paper，就很可能誤選為A。由于waste paper是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該用it來代替，故正確答案為C。
199. 1. Mr Li said, “Don’t make such a mistake again, Tim.” (改為間接引語)
Mr Li told Jim ______ ______ ______ such a mistake again.
not to make。直接引語為否定祈使句時(shí)，若改為間接引語，用ask / tell sb not to do sth句型，注意其中的Don’t改成了not to。
200.Why didn’t she pass the exam? I want to know... (改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)
I want to know ______ ______ ______ pass the exam
why, she didn’t。注意賓語從句的詞序與陳述句的詞序相同，所以要說she didn’t。