現(xiàn)如今，很多學(xué)生選擇去美國(guó)讀大學(xué)，那么文書(shū)材料的準(zhǔn)備也很關(guān)鍵，其中有一項(xiàng)留學(xué)申請(qǐng)essay，想必大家還不是很了解。下面隨出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編一起來(lái)看看以下的內(nèi)容。
首先來(lái)看看essay的書(shū)寫(xiě)步驟。
1. 早作準(zhǔn)備
這不是一般的家庭作業(yè)或?qū)W校項(xiàng)目，而有可能是你人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。一份得體的essay能幫你進(jìn)入著名學(xué)府并改變你的生活。
早做準(zhǔn)備指的是，你需要在學(xué)校申請(qǐng)截止日前至少三個(gè)月開(kāi)始寫(xiě)essay。只有這樣你才有機(jī)會(huì)更改主題，修改essay，反復(fù)閱讀，讓別人進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)和精心選擇每一個(gè)單詞。
對(duì)于那些申請(qǐng)了多家大學(xué)的學(xué)生，有些大學(xué)可能需要補(bǔ)充essay，這需要你花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間。此外，全世界很多高中高年級(jí)學(xué)生都會(huì)被各種壓力所壓垮，包括畢業(yè)考試，所以早早準(zhǔn)備essay會(huì)讓你具備優(yōu)勢(shì)。
2.多打幾次草稿，多嘗試幾個(gè)主題
大多數(shù)成功的申請(qǐng)人都是打好幾個(gè)草稿然后選出最喜歡的那份。這個(gè)道理相當(dāng)于在從事一件工作時(shí)，例如一項(xiàng)新的體育項(xiàng)目，要求你投入大量練習(xí)時(shí)間，直到你進(jìn)步到足以開(kāi)始比賽。
寫(xiě)essay同樣如此。對(duì)于大多數(shù)外國(guó)學(xué)生，這是他們第一次嚴(yán)肅地寫(xiě)一篇文章，更別說(shuō)用外語(yǔ)寫(xiě)了。開(kāi)頭幾個(gè)草稿將非常困難，你要堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)下去，直到你的essay完美無(wú)瑕。
記住，每份草稿不一定都要圍繞同一個(gè)主題。如果某個(gè)主題比較好的話，你可以圍繞它準(zhǔn)備兩三份essay，或者必要時(shí)更換主題。
3.尋找一個(gè)你信賴的人校對(duì)每一份essay
這能讓你發(fā)現(xiàn)你的essay里可能的錯(cuò)誤。強(qiáng)烈建議你找一個(gè)在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作方面非常有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人來(lái)幫你完成這項(xiàng)工作，并且—最重要的是—真心愿意幫你的人。
校對(duì)者必須是對(duì)于申請(qǐng)過(guò)程了解十分深入的人，例如美國(guó)大學(xué)學(xué)生或者現(xiàn)役或前任大學(xué)招生官，或者是有多年英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教育工作者。
一旦他們指出有些東西你需要修改，無(wú)論是關(guān)于essay的內(nèi)容還是主題的，你需要立即修改或重寫(xiě)。如果得到了他們的肯定，那么你就可以提交了。
4. 閱讀成功的essay范例
這并不是鼓勵(lì)你直接把別人的點(diǎn)子拿過(guò)來(lái)。但是，閱讀成功申請(qǐng)人的essay可以讓你了解大學(xué)招生官需要的信息是什么。
小A在開(kāi)始她的個(gè)人陳述之前，為找不到能給招生官留下深刻印象的東西感動(dòng)非常苦惱。當(dāng)她通過(guò)谷歌讀到一些成功進(jìn)入常春藤大學(xué)的學(xué)生寫(xiě)的essay時(shí)–她了解到這些學(xué)生主要是基于非常簡(jiǎn)單的個(gè)人趣事展示出了自己獨(dú)特的性格。
之后小A選擇了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單而又意義的主題：照顧她臥病在床的父親。小A的essay非常感人，幾位招生負(fù)責(zé)人甚至手寫(xiě)了回信表?yè)P(yáng)她并邀請(qǐng)她進(jìn)入華盛頓與李大學(xué)。
5. 遵從故事的結(jié)構(gòu)
作為作者，你要記住，高質(zhì)量的essay建立在一般性的故事結(jié)構(gòu)上，諸如情節(jié)的發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局。
大學(xué)申請(qǐng)essay當(dāng)然不需要像動(dòng)作電影那樣，但也必須使讀者經(jīng)歷好奇、驚嘆和滿足三個(gè)階段。此外，還需要保證讀者被牢牢吸引而不被一些不重要的細(xì)節(jié)或繁冗內(nèi)容分心。
最好的辦法是，把可能讓整個(gè)故事顯得混沌的句子或場(chǎng)景去掉。記住，每個(gè)招生官都要看海量的essay，所以你的故事如果引人入勝，那你就能脫穎而出。
接著來(lái)看看書(shū)寫(xiě)技巧都有哪些。
言簡(jiǎn)意賅，避免啰啰嗦嗦。
每一個(gè)句子都應(yīng)該精簡(jiǎn)到只保留它的基本部分。任何冗余或者不能增加新意的詞語(yǔ)都應(yīng)該刪除。當(dāng)你把文章精簡(jiǎn)并刪掉不必要的詞和短語(yǔ)時(shí)，文章的質(zhì)量就得到了提高。要知道，招生委員會(huì)在審核期間，要短時(shí)間內(nèi)面對(duì)那么多essay，他是沒(méi)有時(shí)間來(lái)看啰啰嗦嗦，沒(méi)有主次的文章的。
表述要精確。
任何時(shí)候都要盡可能詳盡而又具體。細(xì)節(jié)能讓你的作品更具真實(shí)性。對(duì)于要表述的內(nèi)容，想要表達(dá)的思想要精確的表達(dá)出來(lái)，感染到讀者，讓讀者信服，從而體現(xiàn)文章的真實(shí)性。
主題要明確。
申請(qǐng)的時(shí)候，學(xué)校給出的essay題目都是有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性的，所以，在撰寫(xiě)essay之前一定要想清楚這個(gè)題目的隱含意義，了解學(xué)校想通過(guò)這篇文章考察你什么。然后在動(dòng)筆，這樣寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章才有針對(duì)性，而不會(huì)偏離目標(biāo)。有的時(shí)候題目顯得很簡(jiǎn)單，但是事實(shí)上這類(lèi)題目是最不好寫(xiě)的，因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)單的一句話讓人很難摸清楚他們的出題思路和意圖，對(duì)這類(lèi)的題目反而要更加注意。
各篇essay之間要相輔相成。
一般來(lái)講，每所學(xué)校會(huì)要求3-5篇essay，每篇essay考察的目的是不同的，因此，在動(dòng)筆之前要想好寫(xiě)作的思路和結(jié)構(gòu)。在一篇文章中已體現(xiàn)的重點(diǎn)就不要在另一篇文章中出現(xiàn)，否則幾篇文章寫(xiě)下來(lái)卻只反映了一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，很多優(yōu)勢(shì)沒(méi)有展示出來(lái)，這樣，錄取委員會(huì)就不會(huì)看到一個(gè)完整優(yōu)異的你，從而不能決定是否錄取你。
保持同一風(fēng)格和語(yǔ)調(diào)。
在開(kāi)始動(dòng)筆之前，你就要決定好采用怎樣的風(fēng)格和語(yǔ)調(diào)，并在整篇短文中一以貫之。如果你在短文開(kāi)頭部分的語(yǔ)調(diào)是輕松和幽默的，就不要突然在短文中間轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閼n郁或者嚴(yán)厲的語(yǔ)調(diào)。如果你打算把自己的短文寫(xiě)成是個(gè)人日記風(fēng)格的，就不要突然開(kāi)始向局外的讀者吹噓自己。
多修改。
無(wú)論是本科還是商學(xué)院對(duì)essay一般都有字?jǐn)?shù)上的限制，如此多的內(nèi)容要?dú)w納到那么少的文字中，如何能把每句話都說(shuō)到點(diǎn)子上，讓每個(gè)字都發(fā)揮其作用還是有一定難度的。當(dāng)一篇文章寫(xiě)好之后，一定要回頭仔細(xì)閱讀，認(rèn)真推敲每個(gè)句子，同時(shí)也可以給自己的朋友和家人看，讓他們也多提提意見(jiàn)。一篇好的文章是需要反復(fù)多次修改才能“完美”呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。
最后給大家?guī)?lái)一篇范文賞析。
Cornell—Pose a question that you wish that we had asked you and answer it. Heather posed the question： Tell about an activity that is particularly meaningful to you.
Yale—Please write an essay about an activity or interest that has been particularly meaningful to you.
Early on a June afternoon， I stood in the arena at Willows Farm. I was about to take my very first horse-riding lesson. I was excited， yet incredibly fearful at the same time. I&apos&aposd never actually ridden a horse by myself. Being led around on one of ponies at the fair didn&apos&apost count. I tried talking to myself. ＂What did/have to fear？ After all， it certainly looked easy.＂ I waited white one of the older girls finished in the arena. I&apos&aposd never seen such a big horse， and each time as they went around， the horse looked bigger and bigger.
When my lesson was finally ready to start， Aggie， my teacher， brought out a small pony named Kissy. She was so cute and little， I breathed a sigh of reli. I was convinced that I could handle the situation. ＂No problem，＂ I thought， ＂I&apos&aposll be off to the races in no time.＂
That lesson began with the basics. First I had to learn to put on the bridle and saddle. Then I had to learn to get on and off. That proved to be a challenge， but by the time the lesson finished， I was allowed to ＂ride＂ Kissy by walking around in a circle a few times. Sitting there looking down， I knew I was As John Irving once said， ＂There is something in bestriding a fine horse that makes a man （or woman） feel more than mortal＂.
Little did my parents know that one lesson would turn into an obsession. I spent all day out at the bam. I&apos&aposd probably have stayed the night if my parents had allowed it. I did everything that I could do to learn - I cleaned stalls， walked horses， brushed horses， and fed some twice just to spend a few extra minutes out there. Over the next two years I attended local horse camps and watched others to see if they knew something that I could apply to my riding.
Eventually，I outgrew Kissy and my first trainer. The next step was to move up with the more advanced riders and to Sherry， the next trainer at the barn. Most of the more advanced
：rs owned their own horses. Switching trainers was the easy part. Convincing my parents buy me a horse proved to be slightly more difficult.
Aggie talked to them and told them how much I wanted a horse. Sherry talked to them， and told them how much I needed a horse. Nothing seemed to work. Over the dinner table， the conversation kept coming back to how much money was involved in buying and keeping a horse， but I didn&apos&apost give up. I kept asking. ＂A horse＂ was first on my Christmas list， first on my birthday list， and everything in between.
In the spring， a cute little quarter horse named Cat came into the barn. He was there to be sold， hopully to someone in the barn. He was a good mover and seemed to have a sweet personality. The first time I saw him. I bonded. I had to have this horse. There was just one small problem， my parents were still saying no. Aggie seemed to want me to have a horse as much as I wanted it. She even offered to cut my parents a deal on the board. Every time my mother came to pick me up. I was brushing， walking， or doing something for Cal. I&apos&aposd ask her to hold and talk to him for a few minutes while I got ＂something ready＂ bore I put him away. I could feel my mother melting. Finally one evening I heard the wonderful words. My parents agreed to purchase Cal. I had my very own horse. I was thrilled， and went to work with a brush and comb to make him look as good as he made me feel.
As much as I thought differently， I wasn&apos&apost quite prepared for the enormous responsibility of actually owning a horse. There was feeding， grooming， daily exercise， and stall cleaning to worry about. Becoming a good hunter-jumper meant spending long hours out at the barn. Getting good grades in school meant putting in long hours for homework. I had to learn to balance both. To get it all done， it was mandatory that I become organized and learn to focus on what I was doing in order to make the most of my time spent.
Riding has also presented a means of learning other valuable lessons. Foremost has been accepting responsibility. Owning Cal has meant that I&apos&aposve had the care of a living， breathing animal that depended on me. I couldn&apos&apost take a day off， even if I felt that I had something better to do. Dedication to the sport of riding has also been a learned skill. After the hardest fall or a bad day when nothing seemed to go right， I sometimes wanted to quit right on the spot. That was when I had to get myself back on track and do it again until I got it right. Those same lessons have carried over to school. If I&apos&aposve gotten less than u perfect grade on something or have found something difficult to understand. I&apos&aposve learned that I can&apos&apost just throw in the towel or blame it on the teacher. My education has become my responsibility， and I have had to go back and try twice as hard to prove to myself that I can do if.
In my ten years of riding and competing， I have never grown tired of it. I still have my little horse. We have competed and won at many horse shows， and we&apos&aposve grown to love and trust each other. My trainer often rerred to him as my best friend， and I&apos&aposve come to think of him that way too. Sometimes it is fun to lie in bed at night and look at the ribbons hanging on my wall. I know that every day that passes now brings me closer to the ＂someday＂ when it will come to an end. When it does，I will have the memories of the great times I&apos&aposve had and the lessons that I&apos&aposve learned， but most of all. I will have the memory of a little horse with a big heart named Cal.