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高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法查漏：形容詞和副詞
高考英語(yǔ)對(duì)于形容詞和副詞的考查主要集中在其語(yǔ)法功能、比較等級(jí)和重點(diǎn)詞的辨析三方面，直接考題形式一般是語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)。我們今天該練習(xí)形容詞與副詞語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題了，題目很經(jīng)典、解析很到位，好好做做吧!
1.I'm so __grateful__(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
解析：be grateful to...意為“對(duì)……感激/感謝”。
2.They gave money to the old people's home either __personally__(person) or through their companies.
解析：personally“私人地，個(gè)人地”。句意：他們以個(gè)人的名義或通過(guò)他們的公司給養(yǎng)老院捐錢(qián)。
3.Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was __formerly__(former) alive.
解析：formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我們了解甚至一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)有關(guān)食物是從哪兒來(lái)的，那么大多數(shù)人都懂得每一口放進(jìn)我們嘴里的食物之前都是活著的。
4.Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be__punctual__(punctuality).
解析：punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的。句意：盡管會(huì)議大廳就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)，他必須得快點(diǎn)。
5.I don't think what he said is __relevant__(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
解析：relevant相關(guān)的，切題的。句意：我認(rèn)為他所說(shuō)的話與我們正在討論的問(wèn)題不相關(guān)。他沒(méi)有抓住要點(diǎn)。
6.Little Tom sat __amazed__(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
解析：amazed意為“感到吃驚的”，常修飾人。句意：小湯姆吃驚地坐在那兒看著猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather，cold and hungry.這些士兵們又冷又餓，在嚴(yán)寒的天氣中過(guò)了三天。
7.It was __considerate__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
解析：considerate考慮周到的，體貼的，常用結(jié)構(gòu)It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：邁克爾告知我們他耽擱了一些時(shí)間，以防我們擔(dān)心真是太考慮周到了。
8.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and__comprehensive__(comprehension) review of the case.
解析：comprehensive“全面的，詳盡的”。句意：警官們決定對(duì)這個(gè)案件做一個(gè)徹底、詳盡的審查。
9.Just be __patient__(patience).
解析：句意為：要耐心。設(shè)空前為系動(dòng)詞be，因此要用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語(yǔ)，故填patient。
10.What was so __impressive__(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
解析：句意為：賈絲明·韋斯特蘭的勝利給人印象很深的是，她赤腳取得了馬拉松的第一名。設(shè)空處和前面的系動(dòng)詞was構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。impressive意為“給人印象深刻的”。
11.—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.
—__Really__(real)? I thought you'd met them before.
解析：句意為：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次見(jiàn)了女友的父母?！娴膯?我以為你以前就見(jiàn)過(guò)他們了呢。really意為“真的”，在此處表示驚奇。
12.Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he__deliberately__(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
解析：設(shè)空處修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞destroyed，用副詞形式。句意為：不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞花園的柵欄的，他甚至都不道歉。
13.Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it __otherwise__.
解析：句意為：多謝你把我們領(lǐng)到這所房子，否則，我們是不可能找到它的。otherwise意為“要不然，否則”符合語(yǔ)境。
14.This novel was once the __most_widely__(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.
解析：句意為：這部小說(shuō)曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)高中閱讀最廣泛的書(shū)。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，應(yīng)用最高級(jí)the most widely來(lái)修飾過(guò)去分詞read，故填most widely。
15.The __harder__ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!
解析：本句是固定句式：“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”，表示“越……就越……”。句意為：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能夠控制你!故答案為harder。
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of __1. wooden__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2. extremely__ (extreme) heavy. It __3. suddenly__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4. astonished__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5. woolen__ (wool) goods. He was __6. so__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding __7. silently__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8. uncomfortable__ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (關(guān)在)to the wooden box __9. secretly__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3,500 for the cost of the trip, which was __10. more__ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2,000.
1.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
答案與解析：seriously→serious 應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，不能用副詞。
2.That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
答案與解析：closely→close closely是副詞，副詞通常不能和系動(dòng)詞連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)改為形容詞close，本句how close the houses are中的close本應(yīng)該是在系動(dòng)詞are的后面，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)are close。
3.But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.
答案與解析：possible→possibly 修飾動(dòng)詞destroy，用副詞形式。
4.Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady.
答案與解析：steady→steadily 句意：相反，他希望他的生意能夠穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)。grow“增長(zhǎng)”是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故用副詞修飾。
5.They were also the best and worse years in my life.
答案與解析：worse→worst 句意：它們也是我生命中最好和最壞的那些年。此處用最高級(jí)，與上文的the best呼應(yīng)。
6.At one time, I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.
答案與解析：freely→free 句意：起初，我甚至感到我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能夠遠(yuǎn)離他們。be是連系動(dòng)詞，其后要跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。
7.The dishes that I cooked were Mom's favoritest.
答案與解析：favoritest→favorite 句意：我做的菜是媽媽最喜歡的。favorite“最喜歡的”，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式。
8.I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays.
答案與解析：most→mostly 副詞mostly表示“大部分地;主要地”，此處作“大多數(shù)”講，故將most改為mostly。most作副詞時(shí)，意為“最”。
9.Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.
答案與解析：large→largest 根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示最高級(jí)意義，largest前加序數(shù)詞表示“第幾大……”。
10.After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You are in a very good state of health for a woman of your age.
答案與解析：carefully→careful examination是名詞，要用形容詞來(lái)修飾。
11.The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
答案與解析：Therefore→However 句意為：狗或許是老年人的好朋友，然而帶著它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是關(guān)鍵詞，由此可知前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用however。
12.Mom was grateful and moving.
答案與解析：moving→moved moving“令人感動(dòng)的”，moved“感動(dòng)的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，媽媽感到非常感動(dòng)，故應(yīng)用moved。
13.He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.
答案與解析：comfortable→comfortably 修飾動(dòng)詞live，應(yīng)用副詞comfortably。
14.When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famous writer of his day.
答案與解析：late→later late作形容詞或副詞，意為“遲，晚”;later作副詞，意為“后來(lái)”。