考研英語備考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是該注意的，下面由出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為你精心準(zhǔn)備了“2021考研英語：閱讀理解的做題復(fù)習(xí)”，持續(xù)關(guān)注本站將可以持續(xù)獲取更多的考試資訊!
2021考研英語：閱讀理解的做題復(fù)習(xí)
一、分析閱讀文章
我們在獨(dú)立復(fù)習(xí)的過程中，首先要按照考試時(shí)間要求做完一篇文章，以培養(yǎng)正確的閱讀
習(xí)慣。然后就要對文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的分析學(xué)習(xí)，標(biāo)記生詞，深入分析理解長難句，可以借助譯文，對全篇文章內(nèi)容有一個(gè)清楚的把握?？傊龅?，文章中無生詞無難句。
二、規(guī)范做題思路
文章解析之后，還要規(guī)范做題思路，(即：依據(jù)題干定位，然后回原文做出判斷。)把自己的做題思路“代入”到文章中去，深入的思考，比如：出題人為什么會在這個(gè)地方出題目而不在其他地方出題目?一般出題的位置都是文章中較重要的位置，像是與主旨有關(guān)的地方，與觀點(diǎn)有關(guān)的句子，及轉(zhuǎn)折處等，都是經(jīng)常出題的點(diǎn)。
三、分析命題特點(diǎn)
在明確做題思路之后，還需要分析正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)及錯誤選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)。一般而言，正確選項(xiàng)無非是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，或總結(jié)概括，或正話反說。來看一道2000年真題：
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny—must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.
27.It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if________.
[A] its returns well compensate for the sacrifices
[B] it is rewarded with money, fame and power
[C] its goals are spiritual rather than material
[D] it is shared by the rich and the famous
題干問“在什么條件下，野心才能被正確看待?”，而原文給的是“野心要想被正確看待，就必須怎樣”，從而確定答案的出處就在后邊這句話中the rewards of ambition must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices. 而[A]選項(xiàng)即為原句的同意轉(zhuǎn)述。選出正確選項(xiàng)之后，還要對錯誤選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析，你會很驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)：原來每個(gè)錯誤選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置都是這么的相似!無外乎偷換概念，范圍不當(dāng)，比較錯誤，抑或無中生有。待以后再見到類似錯誤選項(xiàng)的時(shí)候你就能看出它的錯誤“本性”了。
2021考研英語：閱讀理解詞匯的分析
一、利用例子歸納
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
27. The word “gizmos” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means _______.
[A] programs [B] experts [C] devices [D] creatures
這篇文章讓我們猜測gizmos含義，通過后文2、3、4句的舉例內(nèi)容可以看出robot arms, automated teller terminals, robot-drivers這些全是機(jī)器裝置，所以推測gizmos應(yīng)該是“裝置，設(shè)備”的含義，選擇[C] devices。利用舉例內(nèi)容推測詞義是很重要的一個(gè)猜詞方法，表示舉例的短語有：for example、for instance、such as、as、like等。
二、利用同義詞
People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
37. The word “bummer” most probably means something ______.
[A] religious [B] unpleasant [C] entertaining [D] commercial
這篇文章讓我們猜測bummer的含義，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其后有一個(gè)信號詞too，說明前文出現(xiàn)過和bummer類似的詞。追溯前文可以看出前文主要是在講People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.核心概念為misery，所以bummer的含義即等于misery，所以選擇[B] unpleasant。很多時(shí)候，讓我們猜測的詞義會在前文或后文出現(xiàn)一個(gè)同類含義的詞，所以大家一定要注意句間關(guān)系。
三、利用反義信息
The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally”, the author implies that_____.
[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects
[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties
[C] the town is not really short of money
[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid
文章讓我們猜測Stratford cries poor traditionally這個(gè)短句的含義，根據(jù)后文連接詞Nevertheless推出前文與后文之間是一種反義關(guān)系，而后文一直在講各種新設(shè)施的增加，and will be very expensive，由此可以斷定后文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“昂貴”，所以前文的poor應(yīng)該是[C] the town is not really short of money。有時(shí)候，讓我們猜測的詞義或句意會與前文或后文構(gòu)成一定的邏輯關(guān)系，我們根據(jù)這個(gè)邏輯關(guān)系的正反向就可以推出詞句的含義。
2021考研英語：如何準(zhǔn)確分析閱讀原文?
一、打好詞匯基礎(chǔ)
詞匯的重要性相信已經(jīng)不言而喻了，在我們做閱讀的過程中如果詞匯出現(xiàn)了問題，那無疑對于我們整篇文章的理解都會產(chǎn)生巨大的障礙，所以我們在處理閱讀文章的時(shí)候首先要做的就是解決所有的單詞，要注意查出單詞的基本意思以及熟詞僻意，一定要對單詞在文章中的常用詞義了如指掌。
二、長難句打基礎(chǔ)
考研英語閱讀題型難就難在句子。其中，有的閱讀段落就是由一整句話組成，因此稱它為“長難句”。要想學(xué)好長難句，首先是靠詞匯的累積，其次是要把逐漸被遺忘的語法好好學(xué)習(xí)，你可以到市面上買一本專門講解長難句的輔導(dǎo)書，讓自己從入門學(xué)起;第三點(diǎn)就是要養(yǎng)成每天練習(xí)的習(xí)慣，每天一句長難句，自己試著翻譯，日積月累的練習(xí)就不會在看閱讀的時(shí)候一頭霧水。
三、一個(gè)“切”字定乾坤
考研閱讀的一大特點(diǎn)就是句子長、段落也長。因此我們要把它切分變短。所謂一個(gè)“切”字定乾坤。切分句子要根據(jù)語法的規(guī)律來，主謂、主謂賓、主謂雙賓、主謂賓賓補(bǔ)、主系表，如果我，如果我們能做到每天練習(xí)，這樣的切分馬上就畫出來，不會耽誤做題時(shí)間;其次，段落的切分我們可以根據(jù)題干來主導(dǎo)，題干中有時(shí)會直接標(biāo)出第幾段，我們就可以將之和原文對應(yīng)起來，這樣就會做到有條不紊，得心應(yīng)手。
四、放慢速度
考研中有的同學(xué)是個(gè)急性子，生怕做題時(shí)間不夠用，因此做起題來總是不能靜下心來好好研讀。這樣的結(jié)果就是做著做著就又回到了“幻覺狀態(tài)”，因?yàn)樗静辉敢饣〞r(shí)間去原文尋找答案。其實(shí)考研英語的時(shí)間是很充裕的，平均到每篇閱讀能有20分鐘的時(shí)間，因此同學(xué)們在做題中一定要重質(zhì)量輕速度。