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2021考研英語：必考核心詞匯練習五
Demonstrate
V.論證，證實;演示，說明
【例】Experimental data are used to illustrate the application techniques as well as to demonstrate the validity of the approach.試驗數(shù)據(jù)用來說明應(yīng)用技術(shù)，并驗證這個方法的有效性。
【構(gòu)詞】de-(加強)+monstr(表示)+-ate(做)→加強表示→演示，說明
【同義替換】prove, confirm
【派生】demonstration n.論證，證實;演示，說明
【真題】Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
Alvarez的經(jīng)歷表明，要在壓力威脅到你的健康和機能之前找到方法疏導(dǎo)它，這一點很重要。
Rival
N.競爭者，對手 v.競爭，對抗 a.競爭的
【例】This theoretical question is the subject of two rival doctrines.這一理論問題是兩個對立學派爭論的焦點。
【構(gòu)詞】riv(河)+-al →兩人隔河相望 →對手，競爭者
【同義替換】competitor, opponent, adversary, match
【派生】rivalry n.競爭
【真題】Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.
隨后，更多的老牌公司爭先恐后地將此類專利權(quán)收入自己的囊中，僅作為防范競爭對手的一種措施，以免被對手搶得先機。
Rigid
A.剛性的;刻板的;嚴厲的
【例】We fixed a rigid metal bar for hanging clothes.我們裝了一根堅硬的金屬桿來掛衣服。
【構(gòu)詞】rig(剛硬)+id →剛性的;刻板的
【同義替換】stiff, inflexible, mechanical; strict, stern, severe, rigorous, stringent
【派生】rigidly ad.堅硬地;嚴格地 rigidness n.堅硬;嚴格
【真題】The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of woman into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
戰(zhàn)后嬰兒出生高峰期的到來及婦女進入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場，限制了青少年的發(fā)展機遇，這些青少年已經(jīng)開始質(zhì)疑為了進好學校、找好工作、攀登日本等級森嚴的社會階梯，他們所做出的沉重的個人犧牲是否值得。