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2020考研英語：長難句翻譯剖析(六)
1、These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.
【譯文】互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已經(jīng)改變了購書和寄信這樣的日?；顒?，如今也正在改變多諾萬所從事的職業(yè)。
【分析】 句子的主干是 the Net…is reshaping Donovan's vocation，由 which 引導的非限定性定語從句(which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying booksand sending mail)用來補充說明 the Net。
2、The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.
【譯文】反快樂藝術的興起幾乎完全與大眾傳媒同步出現(xiàn)， 而隨之興起了一種商業(yè)文化， 在這種文化中，快樂不僅是一個理想，而且是一種意識形態(tài)。
【分析】 此句是一個簡單句，主干是 The riseof anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media…a commercial culture。with it 中的 it 是指 the emergence of mass media。另外，in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology 是一個定語從句，修飾 acommercial culture。
3、And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other sights.
【譯文】也有一些市鎮(zhèn)居民很大程度上依靠游客生活，這些游客不是來看戲劇的，而是游覽安娜.海瑟威的小屋、莎士比亞誕生地以及其他景點的。
【分析】 定語從句 (who largelylive off the tourists) 修飾 the townsfolk，而該定語從句的賓語 the tourists的后面又跟了另一個定語從句。注意，不能把 not to see the plays 的主語看作是 the townsfolk。
4、According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation.
【譯文】根據(jù)他們最近在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的文章，大型食肉的海洋生物(一種殺死和吃其它動物的生物)的捕獲量在不到15年的時間里已經(jīng)減少了80%。
【分析】 句子的結構比較簡單，但要注意數(shù)字的表述，而這正是考試的內(nèi)容。在新漁場開始捕魚的15年之內(nèi)，大型捕食動物的生物量平均減少80%，而在此之后又減少了一半，即剩下的 20%又減少了一半，因而應該只剩下10%了。
5、But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.
【譯文】但是情況并不總是如此;在法律要求所有兒童在一定年齡之前必須上學，人們普遍認為有些兒童天生就不適合接受這種教育。
【分析】 全句由兩個分句組成，前后用分號隔開。在第二個分句的主句中，it 是形式主語，真正的主語是 some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education。it was widely accepted 意為“人們普遍認為”。