初一的同學們,英語學習在于時間的積累。所以一定不要停止對英語的學習,初一下冊英語知識點同學們總結(jié)過嗎?下面是由出國留學網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的“初一下冊英語知識點歸納總結(jié)”,僅供參考,歡迎大家閱讀。
初一下冊英語知識點歸納總結(jié)
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、詞組
be from= come form 來自... pen pal=pen friend 筆友 like and dislike 好惡;愛憎。
live in +地點 在...居住 speak +語言 講某種語言 play sports 做體育運動a little French 一些法語go to the movies 去看電影 write to sb 給某人寫信an action movie 一部動作片 on weekends 在周末tell sb about sth 告訴某人某事Excuse me 對不起,打擾 get to 到達、抵達。
二、句型
1、Where+be+主語+from? 主語+be+from+地點.
2、Where do/does+主語+live? 主語+live/lives in…
3、What language do/does +主語+speak? 主語+speak/speaks….
4、主語+like/likes+doing/to do…
5. What is your favorite subject/sport? My favorite subject/sport is…
6. It’s fun.
7. Is that your new pen pal? Yes, it is.
Unit 2 Where’s the post office
一、詞組
post office 郵局 pay phone 投幣式公用電話 next to 在...隔壁 across from 在...對面
in front of 在...前面 between…and… 在...和...之間 on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右邊/在左邊 behind…在…后面
on Green street 在格林街上 near…在…附近 go straight 一直走 welcome to… 歡迎
enjoy+名詞/doing喜歡做某事 have fun 過得愉快 play +the+樂器 彈奏樂器
on one’s right/left 在某人的右邊/左邊 turn right/left 向右/左轉(zhuǎn) take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得開心 the way to …去...的路 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事take a taxi 打的/乘出租車go down(along)…沿著...走 go through...穿過.. have a good trip 旅途愉快 arrive at(小地方) /in(大地方)到達 at the beginning of 在...開始的`時候 at the end of 在...結(jié)束的時候 hope to do sth/that/for sth
二、日常交際用語。
1、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is .It’s on Centre Street. /No, there isn’t.
2、Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library.
3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
4、I hope you have a good trip.
5.If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
6、Talk a walk though the park..
7. I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要來。
三、句型。
1、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. No.there isn’t
2、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please? -It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)-I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答)
3、Which is the way to +地點? 句型.例如: - Which is the way to the library.
4、How can I get to +地點?句型.例如: -How can I get to the restaurant?
5、Can you tell me the way to +地點?句型.例 - Can you tell me the way to the post office?
6、Let me tell you the way to my house. 7、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、詞組
want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 kind of 有幾分\種類 a kind of 一種…
…years old …年齡 like to do sth 喜歡做某事 like doing sth
play with … 與...一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night 在夜間
have a look at.. 看... one…the other 一個...另一個...
二、句型與日常交際用語。
1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because they’re very cure.
2. Why do you want to see the lions? Because they’re …
3、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa.
4、-What (other) animals do you like? -I like elephants.
other+ 名詞的復數(shù).表示沒有特定的數(shù)量范圍
the other+名詞的復數(shù)表示有特定的數(shù)量范圍.
5.-Do you like giraffes? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、詞組
want to be+a/an+職業(yè) 想要成為…shop assistant店員bank clerk銀行職員work with 與…一起工作 help sb (to) do sth/sb with sth 幫助某人做某事 as…作為…
work hard 努力工作work for 為。。。而工作work as 作為。。而工作get.. from…從..獲得…
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物給某人 in the day 在白天at night 在夜間talk to /with 與…講話
go out to dinners 外出吃飯in a hospital 在醫(yī)院newspaper reporter報社記者
movie actor 電影演員
二、句型
1.-What do/does+某人+do?例-What do you do?-I’m a student./-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
2-What do/does+某人+want to be?例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
3.-Where does your sister work? -She works in a hospital.
4.-Does he work in the hospital? Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t
5.-Does she work late? -Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t
6.-英語中詢問職業(yè)的幾種表達方式:
What do/does …do?/What is…? What is your father’s job? /What’s one’s job?
Unit 5 I’m watching TV.
一、詞組
do one’s homework 做家庭作業(yè)watch TV 看電視 eat dinner 吃飯;就餐clean the room 打掃房間 talk on the phone 電話聊天 sound +形容詞 聽起來… thanks for+n/doing為某事感謝某人 go shopping/swimming去購物/游泳 at the pool 在游泳池
read newspaper/a book 看報紙/看書go to the movies 看電影write a letter 寫信
wait for 等待;等候talk about 談論。。。。play basketball/soccer/ 打籃球/踢足球
take photos 拍照TV show 電視節(jié)目Some of…中的一些a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在學校be with 和。。。一起in the tree 在樹上 in the first/last photo在第一張/最后一張照片 with sb 和某人在一起
二、句型與日常交際用語
1.-What+be+主語+doing? ….正在做什么? -主語+be doing。。。 …正在做某事。
3.-Here are/is…例:Here are some of my photos. Here is a photo of my family.
1.-Do you want to go to the movies? –Sure.
2.-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven.
3.-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
4.-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus.
5.-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper.
6. You can see my family at home. Can +do(動詞原形) 可以…
四、語法:現(xiàn)在進行時
1)現(xiàn)在在進行時的形式是:
助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式(也叫現(xiàn)在分詞),表示現(xiàn)在(說話的瞬間)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。
2)現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句形式 主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 I’m watching TV.
3)現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句形式 主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句形式及回答 Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他?
Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn’t/aren’t/am not. Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問句形式:
特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他? 例:What is your brother doing?
拓展閱讀:小學五年級英語語法知識點總結(jié)大全
小學五年級英語語法知識點總結(jié)大全一
be動詞(am、is、are)+not、
情態(tài)動詞can+not、
助動詞(do、does)+not
如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句:
1、看句中有無be動詞,如有,直接在be動詞后+not。
2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞,如有,直接在情態(tài)動詞后+not。
3、如上述二者都沒有,就應用助動詞+not。分四個步驟:
(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動詞前。
(2)確定助動詞用do、does,根據(jù)句中動詞,動詞是原形的助動詞就用do,動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does。
(3)在助動詞后加not。
(4)原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。
小學五年級英語語法知識點總結(jié)大全二
1:“first”是序數(shù)詞,與“the”相連,解釋為第一。
2:像“first,term,world”作為詞組出現(xiàn)時前面要加“the”。
3:“all”所有;后面的可數(shù)名詞用復數(shù)形式,be動詞用“are”。
4:“any”一些;用在否定句和一般疑問句中,與“some”同義?!皊ome”用在肯定句中。
5:there be+數(shù)詞,采用“就近原則”。
6:a map of China 與 a map of the world 要牢記。
7:要用“on the wall”,不能用“in the wall”。門、窗在墻上才能用“in the wall”。
8:can 后+動詞原形。
9:play+the+樂器; play+球類;
10:like的用法
11:動詞變動名詞形式方法:
A--直接在動詞后面+ing形式(大多數(shù))。
B--以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的,要去掉e后再+ing,比如:dancing,making,riding。
C--重讀be音節(jié),末尾只有一個輔音,須雙寫末尾的字母后再+ing,如:running,swimming,sitting,putting。
12:現(xiàn)在進行時的構成:be動詞+動詞ing形式。標志:now、look、listen、it's time to。
13:現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句 /問--be動詞+人稱+時態(tài)(動詞ing)
答--Yes,he/She/it is/am/are. No,he/She/it isn't/aren't/am not.
14:用Are you...? Yes,I am/ we are. No,I'm not/We aren't.
15: 動詞后+人稱賓格形式.
16:一般現(xiàn)在時的構成:第三人稱單數(shù)(三單)。要注意:后面的動詞+s或es。
特例:have→has do→dose go→goes; 標志:often,usually。
17:有些名詞變動詞時要變形式,例如:teacher→teach;driver→drive.
小學五年級英語語法知識點總結(jié)大全三
一、注意名詞單復數(shù):
1、可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)用于:
①How many后面;②some/any/many/a lot of/ two, three…后面;③these/those后面
④all the后面; ⑤between后面跟一種物體時,這個物體用復數(shù) ⑥like 后面
⑦are前面的人稱和名詞用復數(shù): we/they/the children
2、名詞復數(shù)的變化規(guī)則:
1)一般直接+s:bears,students,
2)以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加es:bus-buses, box-boxes,
3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,把y變?yōu)閕, 再加ies:
library—libraries hobby---hobbies story---stories
4)不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, foot-feet, Child-children
3、不可數(shù)名詞: water, soup, milk, juice, tea, coffee, bread(面包), rice(米飯), hair等等。
二、注意一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的第三人稱單數(shù);(注:所有否定句、疑問句中,動詞都用原形。)
1、肯定句中哪些情況下用第三人稱單數(shù):
1) 人稱代詞he, she, it作主語時;
2) 單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語時;
3) 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或 "this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞" 作主語時;
4) 不可數(shù)名詞作主語時;
5) 當數(shù)字或字母作主語時,等等。
2、動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下:
1) 一般情況下,動詞后面直接加s. 如:works / plays/ reads
2) 以s. x. sh. ch 或o結(jié)尾的動詞,在后面加es.
例:teach-teaches, watch-watches, do-does, go-goes
3) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞, 把 y變?yōu)閕, 再加es.
例:study- studies fly-flies carry-carries
4)不規(guī)則動詞的第三人稱單數(shù):have—has;be—is
三、人稱代詞、名詞所有格及序數(shù)詞
1、主格用來作句中的主語,用于動詞前面。
例:They are doctors.
2、賓格用來作句中的賓語,放在動詞或介詞的后面。本冊書上出現(xiàn)的詞組:
in front of her show her around push me teach you What’s wrong with him? write him a letter
Here’s a Christmas card for you. Let me…. chat with them on the Internet give it a cake
3、形容詞性物主代詞+名詞
形容詞性物主代詞,之所以叫它們形容詞是因為他們必須放在名詞前面。
4、名詞所有格 作形容詞性,表示所屬關系;在人名或稱呼后加’s,以s結(jié)尾的,直接加’。如:mother’s,parents’
5、序數(shù)詞first---second---third---fourth 1) 序數(shù)詞一般要與the連用; 2)在某一層樓用介詞on。
四、選擇和用所給詞適當形式填空
1、哪些情況加動詞原形 (注:有to時,to跟后面的動詞原形放在同一空格)
1) want to +動詞原形 2)would like to +動詞原形 3)it’s time to +動詞原形
4)情態(tài)動詞can+動詞原形 5)助動詞(do, does , don’t, doesn’t)+動詞原形
6)let+動詞原形 7)祈使句中動詞用原形 (如Do your homework, please.)
8)否定句在句首加Don’t (如Don’t do your homework, please)+動詞原形
2、哪些情況加動詞ing
1)like 2)go 3)be good at 4)be 5)后面跟名詞,如swimming lesson
動詞+ing變化規(guī)則如下:
A、直接加上ing: draw-drawing play-playing read-reading
B、以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加上ing
skate-skating make-making dance-dancing
have-having come-coming write-writing
C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞要雙寫尾字母,再加上ing
從單詞的末尾開始往前數(shù)符合“輔音-元音-輔音”結(jié)構的。
(注:詞尾是w和y的除外,如:drawing, playing等除外);
run-running sit-sitting put-putting chat-chatting
get-getting swim-swimming stop-stopping shop-shopping
3.形容詞加名詞(形名) 如: a beautiful girl
4.動詞加副詞(動副) 如: swim well
5.Some和any用法:
“some”一般用于肯定句,“any”用于否定句和疑問句。但在一些表示委婉請求,想得到對方肯定回答時也用“some”。(小技巧:末尾是句號,句中是any,那這句型是否定句)
6.There be 結(jié)構就近原則, be動詞的選擇取決于緊跟在后面的名詞數(shù)量。
如:There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.
7.樂器前加the, 球類前不加the. 如:play the piano, play football
8. Who當作特殊的第三人稱單數(shù) (Who sings well? )
9. 一般現(xiàn)在時構成:1)主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。2)主語+行為動詞+其它。關鍵詞:
always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every…
(注:主語為第三人稱單數(shù),動詞加s, es或輔音+y時,把 y變?yōu)?i 再加es;其他時候動詞用原形 )
10. 現(xiàn)在進行時關鍵詞:look, listen, now (注:be動詞(is am are) +動詞ing, 兩者缺一不可)
11. and前后謂語動詞一致。
指當句子中有兩個或兩個以上的謂語動詞共用同一個主語時,一般謂語動詞的時態(tài)保持一致。
She often goes fishing and takes photos. Let’s go andhave some chicken.
12、相同意思不同用法的辨析:
1)有;there is/are和have/has
there is/are表示在某地有某物(或某人);表示存在;there be就近原則;
have/has表示某人有某物;表示所屬關系;前面必須有主語。
2)也;too-either-also
too用于肯定句和疑問句句末;either用于否定句句末;also用于句中。
3)都;both-all
both用于兩者都;all用于三者及以上都。
4)好;good-well
good+名詞; 動詞+well。
5) 和;with-and
with是介詞,意思是“和……一起”,后面跟名詞或代詞的賓格。
and 是連詞,意思是“和”, 用and連接兩個單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。
五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①同義句:
1. It’s time for sth= It’s time to do sth.該是…時間了(注:for后面跟名詞;to后面跟動詞原形)
It’s time for dinner.=It’s time to have dinner.
2. What time is it?=What’s the time? 幾點呢?
3. There is(are) no…(s)…=There isn’t / aren’t any… 沒有…
4. have no…= don’t have(any)沒有…
They have no legs or arms. =They don’t have any legs or arms.
5. has no = doesn’t have (any)沒有…
6. I like picnics. = I like having picnics. {注:like后面跟名詞復數(shù)或動名詞(動詞+ing)}
7. show sth (某物) to sb(某人) = show sb (某物) sth(某人) 向…展示…東西
8. give sth(某物) to sb(某人)=give sb (某物) sth(某人) 給…人…東西
9. What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻啊
10. That is Jan’s umbrella.= That umbrella is Jan’s. 那是杰的傘
11. What’s wrong with him? = What’s the matter with him? 他怎么了?
②否定句
1、有be動詞(am, is ,are),be后直接加not (am not/ is not=isn’t/ are not =aren’t);
2、有can,can后直接加not (can not=can’t);
3、只有動詞,在動詞原形前加don’t;三單動詞前加doesn’t, 動詞變回原形。
He does his homework. (改成否定句)He doesn’t do his homework.
③一般疑問句: 用Yes或No回答的句子
1、有be動詞,be動詞提前;
2、有can或would,can或would提前;
3、只有動詞,句首加Do/ Does, 動詞用原形;
注意:I’m 變Are you ; some變any; my變your; and變or .
④特殊疑問句:有特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
There be句型提問:
1、對數(shù)量提問:
1)How many +名詞復數(shù)+ are there +介詞短語?
(注:對there be后面可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問時,無論主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),都用復數(shù)形式提問)
例: There are 24 classrooms in our school? / There is only one classroom in our school? (對劃線部分提問)
How many classrooms are there in our school? (注:上面兩句提問,都是這句子)
2)How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +介詞短語?
例: There is some milk in the glass. (對劃線部分提問)
How much milk is there in the glass?
2、對主語提問
there be 針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構是:
What’s +介詞短語?
(注:對there be后面的主語提問時,無論主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),都用What’s提問)
例:There are six books on the desk. / There is a book on the desk. (對劃線部分提問)
What’s on the desk? (注:上面兩句提問,都是這句子)
⑤感嘆句的結(jié)構:感嘆句常用how或what來引導
(1)what引導的感嘆句,最終修飾的是名詞
(2)how引導的感嘆句,最終修飾的是形容詞/副詞
What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻啊!
對劃線提問,疑問詞:
What問什么;What colour 問顏色;What time 問具體時間(如幾點鐘);when 問范圍廣的時間;where 問在哪里;How old問年齡;how many 問數(shù)量(可數(shù)名詞) ;
how much 1)問數(shù)量(不可數(shù)名詞),2)問價錢;how about 問怎樣;
who 問誰(人 );whose問誰的東西(問主人);
同音詞:
B—be—bee, C—see—sea, R—are, T—tea, U—you, Y—why, I-eye, too-two-to, four—for, here—hear, there—their, right—write, sun—son, no—know, pair—pear, it’s—its, buy—by—bye, hi—high, wear—where, aren’t—aunt, who’s—whose,
近義詞(或同義詞):
Many—lots of—a lot of, desk—table, like—love, tall—high near—beside,
too—also, listen—hear, look—see, class—lesson, glass—cup, home—house, beautiful—pretty, usually —often, hi—hello, speak—say—talk, river—lake,
would like—want, go home —come home
反義詞(或?qū)~):
yes—no, this—that, these—those, here—there, go—come, open—close, big—small, fat—thin, tall—short, long—short, black—white, happy—sad, hot—cold, cool—warm, soft—hard, on—under, in front of—behind, in—out, boy—girl, man—woman, wrong—right, down—up, sit—stand, easy—difficult, take off(脫下) —put on(穿上)
完整形式:
I’m—I am, we’re—we are, you’re—you are, he’s—he is, it’s—it is,
there’s—there is, isn’t—is not who’s—who is, Let’s—let us, I’d—I would,
can’t—can not, don’t—do not, doesn’t—does not
特殊的名詞復數(shù):
man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen, child—children, foot—feet,
fish—fish, people—people, Chinese-Chinese
三單動詞變化:特殊的:do ---does;go--goes;have--has;teach—teaches;watch--watches;wash--washes; push--pushes;brush--brushes; catch--catches;study -- studies;fly--flies;
其余的直接加s.
動詞變名詞:
A. 一般情況下在動詞后面直接加er。
teach-teacher , work—worker, play —player, sing —singer, find —finder
B.以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加r。
write —writer, drive—driver, come —comer, dance—dancer
C. 符合重讀閉音節(jié)的動詞,先雙寫最后一個字母,再加er。
run—runner, begin—beginner, swim—swimmer
D. 部分單詞在詞尾加or。
visit —visitor, act—actor
E. 本身既是動詞又是名詞。
cook—cook, doctor—doctor
Culture板塊: U1, U2, U3, U5, U6, U7.
1). U1: Coffee is popular in Western countries. Tea is popular in China.
咖啡在西方國家受歡迎。 茶在中國受歡迎。
2). U2: In the UK, this is the ground floor. In the US, this is the first floor.
在英國,這是一樓。 在美國,這是一樓。
3). U3: You can see pandas in China. You can see bald eagles in the US.
你在中國可以看到熊貓。 你在美國能看到禿鷹。
You can see polar bears in Canada. You can see kangaroos in Australia.
你在加拿大能看到北極熊。 你在澳大利亞能看到袋鼠。
4). U5: In the US, we call a policeman a “cop”. In the UK, we call a firefighter a “fireman”.
在美國,我們稱呼警察為cop。 在英國,我們稱呼消防隊員為fireman。
5). U6: We write Chinese addresses like this. 我們這樣書寫中文地址。
(國名—地名—人名,由大到小)
We write English addresses like this. 我們這樣書寫英文地址。
( 人名—地名—國名,由小到大)
6). U7: Basketball is very popular in the US. Football is very popular in the UK.
籃球在美國很受歡迎。 足球在英國很受歡迎。
Table tennis is very popular in China.
乒乓球在中國很受歡迎。