雅思作文：考官范文中的啟示

    考官范文是一定要認真研習的。任何寫作技法都必須通過范文來體現(xiàn)。正是要通過研讀不同類型的文章，從而加深對寫作技法的理解?？忌梢詮难潘紝懽魉捻椩u分標準來研究考官范文，以此來加深自己對劍橋評判標準的認識，同時可以對照發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，有針對性地提高。
    下面的范文選自于劍橋雅思系類書籍的考官滿分范文，學員們在以后學習考官范文時可以參照以下模式。更多有關如何研讀考官范文的講解大家可以參考已出版的《考官推薦IELTS32篇必備范文》一書和即將出版的《雅思王寫作真題速成》一書。
    As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing.
    What factors contribute to job satisfaction?
    How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
    Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. So feelings about one’s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.
    Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways. Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work, so positive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect. A sense of fulfillment is also encouraged if a worker feels the job is worth doing because it contributes to the society or the economy as a whole. Secondly, when someone feels they are improving or developing their skills through training opportunities, for example, then there is a sense of progression and purpose that rewards a worker. The sense of belonging to a team or a working community also contributes to job satisfaction because colleagues help each other to enjoy their working lives. Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team.
    Of course not everyone enjoys their work. Hard economic realities mean that many people have little choice in the kind of job they can get. In some cases an employee is working in a job that suits neither their skills nor their personality. Some jobs are repetitive and boring, and labour relations may be poor and lead to resentment and insecurity rather than to job satisfaction.
    However, even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job. If the factors identified above are implemented, then any job can be improved and more workers can feel greater degrees of job satisfaction.
    范文分析：
    

思路	本文的第一段復述了文章的主題（job satisfaction）          第2nd 段回答了第一個問題（What factors contribute to job satisfaction?）          第3rd 段回答了第二個問題（How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?）          第4th 段是第3rd段的補充
	第一段主題句So feelings about one’s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.          第二段主題句Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways.          第三段主題句Of course not everyone enjoys their work.          第四段主題句However, even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.
結構	一般說來，在段落之間，沒有特別的連接詞，暗指后面一段在支持前面一段的主題句。          段落之間的關聯(lián)詞：          在3rd的段首，考官使用Of course, 表示切換話題。這個詞可以理解為“然而”。          在4th 段首，考官使用了However, 展示本段是上一段的轉折，即論證的補充。這個詞組可以理解為“盡管如此”
	一般說來，在一個段落內的句子之間，沒有特別的連接詞，暗指后面一句在支持主題句。          段落中的路標詞：在1st 段中，考官使用了So來突出主題句。這個詞可以理解為“總之”。
語法	這篇考官范文在句式上最經(jīng)典之處就是充分利用了英文的“狀語從句”，幾乎所有的狀語從句在這篇文章中都很好地體現(xiàn)出來了。          全文使用的長難句型如下：          If…, then…（條件狀語）          because（原因狀語）          … if … because ….（條件狀語+ 原因狀語）          When…,then…（時間狀語）          …, so… （結果狀語）          Even though…, …（讓步狀語）          I think it is not unrealistic to…（我覺得這件事并非不真實……雙重否定表示肯定）          …, and… （并列句）          neither…nor… （否定并列句）
詞匯	必備詞匯：（掌握核心動詞）注明：（）里的數(shù)字代表這個詞在文章中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)，因此在文章中使用同一個詞，只要把握好度，并不會帶來太大的影響。其他沒有標注（）的詞在原文中只出現(xiàn)過一次。          這次feel這個單詞創(chuàng)紀錄地使用了5次，另一個improve也使用了2次。這再一次告訴我們，考官也偶爾會用重復的詞，只是數(shù)量不要太多了。          Feel (5), improve(2), spend doing, reflect, contribute to（這個在之前的范文中，考官使用的是make contribution to）, belong to, reward, help, increase, identify, implement, enjoy, mean, suit, lead to
	亮點詞匯：          A sense of fulfillment充實感, a sense of progression進步感, a sense of responsibility and loyalty責任感和忠誠感, valued and valuable本身很有價值和能夠創(chuàng)造價值的, positive積極的, repetitive重復的, resentment不滿, insecurity不安全感, superior上級、高手