雅思寫(xiě)作中的動(dòng)詞用法

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    在雅思寫(xiě)作中,動(dòng)詞是很重要的,時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),還有一些動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)或者非謂語(yǔ),是比較復(fù)雜的用法,雖然從初中開(kāi)始我們就一直在說(shuō),但是出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)雅思頻道小編還是要在此提醒大家《雅思寫(xiě)作中的動(dòng)詞用法》,希望對(duì)大家的雅思寫(xiě)作有所幫助。
    動(dòng)詞方面的問(wèn)題
    動(dòng)詞是寫(xiě)作中最令考生糾結(jié)、最擰巴的一類(lèi)詞匯,在寫(xiě)作中,不僅要顧及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)(過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、將來(lái))和體(一般、進(jìn)行、完成、完成進(jìn)行),還要關(guān)注它們的語(yǔ)態(tài)(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))和語(yǔ)氣(真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣、非真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣/虛擬語(yǔ)氣),在句子中作謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞受主語(yǔ)單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)的影響,且動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志)或者非謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞不受主語(yǔ)單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)的影響,也沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志)的特性。
    一、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)
    (1)The graph shows that skateboarding or rollerblading was less popular among children.
    改正:was——is
    譯文:圖表表明滑板或輪滑在孩子中不那么受歡迎。
    解析:本句所在的圖表中沒(méi)有提及時(shí)間,不必使用過(guò)去時(shí)。
    (2)For another, web games are really prevalent among students, which made them neglect their studies.
    改正:made——makes
    譯文:另一方面,網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲深受學(xué)生歡迎,這會(huì)使得他們忽視自己的學(xué)習(xí)。
    解析:網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的盛行,是一種現(xiàn)狀,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表述即可。
    (3)For instance, if colleges wanted to own a favorable academic environment and introduce talents, great sum of money is required.
    改正:wanted——want
    譯文:例如:如果大學(xué)要引進(jìn)人才并創(chuàng)造良好的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍,就需要大量的資金。
    解析:本句假設(shè)是基于現(xiàn)狀做出的,動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
    另:本句改為For instance, if colleges wanted to introduce talents and create a favorable academic environment, great sum of money is required.更符合邏輯。
    二、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣/語(yǔ)態(tài)
    (1)If the government is encouraged to cover the complete fees, higher education would develop more equally.
    改正:is encouraged——were encouraged/should be encouraged
    譯文:如果鼓勵(lì)政府承擔(dān)所有的學(xué)費(fèi),高等教育發(fā)展將會(huì)更公平。
    解析:本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。If從句的動(dòng)詞與將來(lái)相反,be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用were;或動(dòng)詞改成should+動(dòng)詞原形。
    (2)In spite of the society now is fully advocated that a equal between the men and women, the ratio of the works is still unable to make it realized.
    改正:In spite of——Although;advocated——advocating;that a equal——an equality;the works——jobs
    譯文:盡管現(xiàn)代社會(huì)完全提倡男女平等,但是工作的比例問(wèn)題仍舊不能夠確保這種平等實(shí)現(xiàn)。
    解析:in spite of+名詞性短語(yǔ),although后面接讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;the society與advocate之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);advocate后面跟的是名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ),不是賓語(yǔ)從句,that沒(méi)有必要,且在名詞短語(yǔ)中,equal是形容詞,需要改成名詞;works表示泛指,且是不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)該去掉the,改成jobs或者work。
    (3)If the government could be responsible for that(學(xué)費(fèi))would be more considerate of the students who will contribute more to society, even the nation.
    改正:would be——, it would be
    譯文:如果政府能夠承擔(dān)學(xué)費(fèi),學(xué)生會(huì)更加體諒政府,也因此會(huì)給社會(huì)甚至國(guó)家做更多的貢獻(xiàn)。
    解析:本句是含有if的虛擬主從復(fù)合句,if置于句首,從句與主句之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),且主句缺少主語(yǔ),用it表示,替代這種狀況。
    (4)Therefore, the issue who should take care of this problem is continued being taken about.
    改正:the issue who——the issue about who;taken about——talked about
    譯文:因此,人們都在繼續(xù)討論誰(shuí)應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)此事這一問(wèn)題。
    解析:the issue就是關(guān)于who從句的,中間加about即可;或者把the issue去掉,做成who引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。taken about屬于詞匯使用錯(cuò)誤。
    (5)If I was an employer, I would obviously choose the employees who have been trained in this field.
    改正:was改成were
    譯文:顯而易見(jiàn),如果我是老板,我也會(huì)優(yōu)先選擇在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域接受過(guò)培訓(xùn)的員工。
    解析:這是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用were。
    三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式
    非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是眾多考上的弱項(xiàng),包括語(yǔ)言能力在雅思6分以上的考生也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似的錯(cuò)誤。它主要分為三個(gè)方面:動(dòng)詞不定式(to+V.原形和V.原形)、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞V.-ing和過(guò)去分詞V.-ed)、動(dòng)名詞(V.-ing)。
    (1)Take all these factors into consideration, the Internet has its drawbacks.
    改正:Take——Taking
    譯文:考慮到所有這些因素,網(wǎng)絡(luò)還是存在弊端。
    解析:這是一個(gè)斷句現(xiàn)象,兩個(gè)短句之間不存在任何的并列連詞。可以考慮把前者做成現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)。
    (2)There is a general discussion about the issue of children doing paid work is completely wrong.
    改正:the issue of children——whether children’s
    譯文:人們都在討論,孩子做有償勞動(dòng)是否完全錯(cuò)誤。
    解析:about 后面在沒(méi)有任何從屬連詞的前提下,存在一個(gè)句子,是不合理的。根據(jù)意思表述,做如上修改.
    (3)Those who object to it argue that who is the valuable work experience, important for their learning.
    改正:that who is the——the it is
    譯文:那些反對(duì)的人認(rèn)為,這是有價(jià)值的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)于學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)很重要。
    解析:argue that后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,句子的主語(yǔ)不應(yīng)該是who,而是一種行為。
    (4)Though sometimes children feel tired and hard to finish their work, they must be face with many difficulties and challenges if they choose to work.
    改正:children feel tired——they feel tired;they must——children must
    譯文:盡管有時(shí)候會(huì)感到很累,很難完成工作,但是如果選擇做有償勞動(dòng),孩子們就必須得面對(duì)許多困難和挑戰(zhàn)。
    解析:在主從復(fù)合句中,人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)通常置于從句中,而名詞做主語(yǔ)置于主句之中。
    (5)In addition, the government can make economic reforms to colleges is that schools pay students for doing community services around colleges.
    改正:to colleges is that——to colleges, which is that
    譯文:此外,政府可以針對(duì)大學(xué)進(jìn)行改革,即學(xué)校付錢(qián)給學(xué)生在學(xué)校附近進(jìn)行社區(qū)服務(wù)。
    解析:that從句是解釋說(shuō)明的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的內(nèi)容,可以采用非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的方式修改。
    以上就是出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)雅思頻道小編這次為備考雅思口語(yǔ)的同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)備的《雅思寫(xiě)作中的動(dòng)詞用法》,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
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