在2014年6月29日的托福閱讀考試中有這樣一道題：19世紀歐洲人口增長和城市化關(guān)系。出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)(www.liuxue86.com)小編在此提醒大家：本文屬于因果型文章，側(cè)重點在原因，背景知識也是?？嫉臍v史發(fā)展類背景，理解時需要額外關(guān)注的是歷史類文章句子偏難，在定位到答案后要小心斷句，仔細理解，避免誤選。
托福閱讀真題再現(xiàn)：
版本一：是19世紀歐洲人口數(shù)量的增長和農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)系吧貌似。
版本二：食物供給變好了導(dǎo)致了工業(yè)革命歐洲人口的上升
版本三：19世紀歐洲人口變化的因素和城市化發(fā)展
解析：從話題來看重復(fù)的是2013年7月13日北美閱讀。本文屬于因果型文章，側(cè)重點在原因，背景知識也是常考的歷史發(fā)展類背景，理解時需要額外關(guān)注的是歷史類文章句子偏難，在定位到答案后要小心斷句，仔細理解，避免誤選。理解時的重點是提取給定的原因及原因發(fā)揮的作用。
相關(guān)背景：
After a century of virtually no population growth, the countries of Western Europe experienced dramatic population increases between 1750 and 1800. Many countries doubled in size. In some countries, the growth continued through the nineteenth century. The population of Great Britain, for instance, doubled between 1750 and 1800 and then tripled between 1800 and 1900.
There were several reasons for the sudden increase. Medical advances and improved hygiene limited the devastation caused by epidemic diseases and plagues. The introduction of new food crops, most notably the potato, provided a better diet for the poor and reduced the incidence of famine. The combination of greater public order and fewer civil wars meant that life was less hazardous. The net result was a lower death rate and soaring populations.
The growing population, with a rising proportion of children to raise and older people to care for, put increased pressure on every aspect of society. Many peasants were no longer able to provide land for their children, who were forced to look for other ways to make their living. Small artisans in the cities suffered similar problems, unable to provide places for their children in their own workshops.
The exact relationship between population growth and industrialization is unclear, though the two are clearly intertwined. (Even countries that were late to industrialize shared in the general population increase, and its related problems.) What is clear is that the growth in population increased the demand for both food and manufactured goods and provided an abundance of cheap labor to produce them.
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