《中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表3》由英語編輯整理,更多請訪問:https://www.liuxue86.com/english/。本內(nèi)容整理時間為05月12日，如有任何問題請聯(lián)系我們。
中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表3
C
call ?
[誤] I'll call at Mr Brown.?
[正] I'll call on Mr Brown.?
[誤] I'll call on Mr Brown's home.?
[正] I'll call at Mr Brown's home.?
[析] 作"拜訪"講時,at后面接訪問地點,而on后面接訪問的人。
? call on drop in visit ?
call on比較正式的為公務的訪問,如:We were called on by the old students. 而drop in則是比較隨便的走走,順便拜訪,如:If you're free, drop in. 而visit則是更正式的外交訪問或友好往來,如:My school's headmaster will visit America next week.?
can ?
[誤] A blind man can not judge colours.?
[正] A blind man cannot judge colours.?
[誤] I cann't call for you at ten.?
[正] I can't call for you at ten.?
[析] can的否定形式應為cannot或can't.?
[誤] It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman.?
[正] It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman.?
[析] must用來表示一種肯定的推斷,如:She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中則要用can't, 要表示對過去的推測則要用"must+have+過去分詞"的表達法,如:The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而對過去的否定推測則多用"?can't?+have+過去分詞",如:I don't think he can have heard you. Call again.?
[誤] We could not help to laugh at once.?
[正] We could not help laughing at once.?
[正] We could not help but laugh at once.?
[析] "couldn't help+動名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but后面要加不帶to的不定式,意思都是不得不去做某事.如:You could not (help) but respect him.?
can be able to ?
can與be able to都可以用來表示能力,但can只有現(xiàn)在時與過去時,be able to則可用任何時態(tài),如:He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過努力而達到的一次性動作則只能用be able to,如:He finally was able to jump over 2?10 meters. 或:The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是這兩個詞都沒有進行時態(tài),而be able to后面不接不定式的被動態(tài)。?
can could ?
can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時的口語中,只是用could更為禮貌,語氣更委婉。如:Could you tell us a story?
care ?
[誤] I don't care coffee.?
[正] I don't care for coffee.?
[誤] Take care for your steps.?
[正] Take care of your steps.?
[析] care for是"對某物感興趣",而care of是"關(guān)心,要當心某事",如:She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing.?
[誤] I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.?
[正] I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.?
[析] 在it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, 及in case引出的狀語從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如:I've got a football in case we have time for a game.?
change ?
[誤] I want to change my camera with that one.?
[正] I want to change my camera for that one.?
[析] change for為"以某物為交換物"。而change with則是"隨……而變",如:The wood's colour changed with the season.?
cheap ?
[誤] A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.?
[正] A teacher's salary is generally very low.?
[析] 工資的高低要用low,cheap是指價格便宜,如果要講物美價廉則要用not expensive, 如:This car is not expensive.?
choose ?
[誤] We each had to have a choose of A or B.?
[正] We each had to have a choice of A or B.?
[析] choice是名詞,而choose是動詞。?
class ?
[誤] The class is watching TV.?
[正] The class are watching TV.?
[析] class作主語時,如果作為整體講則應用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞,如:The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個成員時則應用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞,如:The class are, in general, very bright.?
clean ?
[誤] Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.?
[正] Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.?
[析] clean可以作為副詞講,其意為"完全",而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地",如:The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時意為"清潔的"、"干凈的",如:Her face is not clean now.?
clever ?
[誤] I'm not clever in English.?
[正] I'm not clever at English.?
[析] clever at是固定搭配,表示在某方面有特長。?
close ?
[誤] It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.?
[正] It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.?
[析] 這里的close是動詞,意為"關(guān)閉",而keep后要加形容詞,所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。?
[誤] Come closely so that I can see you.?
[正] Come close so that I can see you.?
[誤] Good teaching and good testing are close related.?
[正] Good teaching and good testing are closely related.?
[析] close,closely同樣可以作副詞用,但其意義不同,close是"靠近"、"接近"之意,而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴密"、"密切"之意。?
[誤] My school was quite close from my home.?
[正] My school was quite close to my home.?
[析] "與……接近"是close to…,例如:?
He was close to fifty.?
There is a bus?stop close to the station.?
close shut turn ?
shut與close是同義詞,如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關(guān)在門外時則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close,因shut語氣較強,并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類,有切斷之意。?
cloth ?
[誤] The children wear very good cloth to go to school.?
[正] The children wear very good clothes to go to school.?
[誤] I need a lot of clothing.?
I'm going to make a new cloth. ?
[正] I need a lot of cloth.?
I'm going to make a new dress. ?
[析] cloth是"布"、"布料",沒有復數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服,是復數(shù)名詞,"一套衣服"要講a suit of clothes, 如果是"一件件衣服"應講shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱,是不可數(shù)名詞。例如:This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.?英語中的dress是指比較正式的服裝,如a school dress(校服),a student dress(學生套裝),a working dress(工作服)。?
coffee ?
[誤] Please give me two waters.?
[正] Please give me two coffees.?
[正] Please give me two cups of water.?
[析] 雖然coffee, water, tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞,但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的卻不行,其前要加a cup of或a glass of.?
colour(color) ?
[誤] Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.?
[正] Flowers are red, yellow and white.?
[析] 中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色",若譯為英文Colours of flowers are…,就顯得重復了。?
[誤] I like green colour.?
[正] I like green.?
[正] I like colour green.?
[析] colour green中的colour是green的同位語,所以這種說話方式英語是可以接受的。?
come ?
[誤] I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.?
[正] I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.?
[析] come across是"偶然碰見、遇見",要直接加賓語,如:I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.?
[誤] Where do you come from??
I come from the station. ?
[正] Where did you come from??
I came from the station. ?
[正] Where do you come from??
I come from China. ?
[析] Where do you come from?意為"你是什么地方的人?"?而Where did you come from?則是"你從何處來?" ?
[誤] The stars are coming out from the cloud.?
[正] The stars are coming out of the cloud.?
[析] come out of意為"從……地方出來"。?
come in come into enter ?
come in與come into的意義相同,但come into后面要加賓語,而come in后面不用賓語。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.?
enter常作為及物動詞使用,如:The bus entered the English tunnel.?
congratulate ?
[誤] I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.?
[正] I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.?
[析] 動詞congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時一般要用復數(shù),如:I offered him my congratulations on his success.
又如:Congratulations!?
cook ?
[誤] My father is a good cooker.?
[正] My father is a good cook.?
[析] 很多動詞加上?er則變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動作的一種人,如work?worker,teach?teacher. 但cook即是動詞"做飯",同時名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如:I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高壓鍋)。?
corner ?
[誤] There is a post office in the corner of the street.?
[正] There is a post office at the corner of the street.?
[誤] A girl sat at the corner of the room.?
[正] A girl sat in the corner of the room.?
[析] in the corner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上,而at the corner是在外部的角上,如:There is a big tree at the corner of the building.?
cost ?
[誤] I cost ten dollars for the book.?
[正] I spent ten dollars on the book.?
[誤] I cost two hours to do my homework.?
[正] It took me two hours to do my homework.?
[析] cost, spend. take都可以作"花費"講,但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時間或金錢",如:The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時間+(in)doing something",如:I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢+on something",如:I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法則要用邏輯主語it:"It+takes+somebody+時間+to do something", 如:It took me an hour to clean the classroom.?
country ?
[誤] You can find cows in a country.?
[正] You can find cows in the country.?
[析] country即可作"國家"講,也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當作"農(nóng)村"講時,一定要加定冠詞,而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如:?
[誤] Farmers live in the countries.?
[正] Farmers live in the country.?
[析] 但作為"國家"講時則可有單、復數(shù)形式,例如:Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的國家,如:New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家,如:The Chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國家范圍,如:the state farm(國營農(nóng)場)。?
cross ?
[誤] There are traffic lights at the cross.?
[正] There are traffic lights at the crossing.?
[析] cross作為名詞講時是十字架、十字形的東西,如:Red Cross(紅十字會)。?
[誤] The little boy is going to across the street.?
[正] The little boy is going to cross the street.?
[析] across是副詞或介詞,但不能作動詞用。?
cross pass ?
cross是指橫過某地,如:He crossed the square. 而pass則強調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過,如:I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.?
crowd ?
[誤] The room soon was crowded by people.?
[正] The room soon was crowded with people.?
[析] crowded在這句話中應作為形容詞,所以這句話不是被動語態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu),如:The room was crowded with books.?
cup ?
[誤] A silver glass was given to the winner.?
[正] A silver cup was given to the winner.?
[誤] My mother was looking for the whisky cup.?
[正] My mother was looking for the whisky glass.?
[析] glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿,而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子,且cup尤其用在獎杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子,如我們講I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講I drink a cup of wine at supper.?
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《中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表3》由英語編輯整理,更多請訪問:https://www.liuxue86.com/english/
中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表3
C
call ?
[誤] I'll call at Mr Brown.?
[正] I'll call on Mr Brown.?
[誤] I'll call on Mr Brown's home.?
[正] I'll call at Mr Brown's home.?
[析] 作"拜訪"講時,at后面接訪問地點,而on后面接訪問的人。
? call on drop in visit ?
call on比較正式的為公務的訪問,如:We were called on by the old students. 而drop in則是比較隨便的走走,順便拜訪,如:If you're free, drop in. 而visit則是更正式的外交訪問或友好往來,如:My school's headmaster will visit America next week.?
can ?
[誤] A blind man can not judge colours.?
[正] A blind man cannot judge colours.?
[誤] I cann't call for you at ten.?
[正] I can't call for you at ten.?
[析] can的否定形式應為cannot或can't.?
[誤] It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman.?
[正] It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman.?
[析] must用來表示一種肯定的推斷,如:She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中則要用can't, 要表示對過去的推測則要用"must+have+過去分詞"的表達法,如:The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而對過去的否定推測則多用"?can't?+have+過去分詞",如:I don't think he can have heard you. Call again.?
[誤] We could not help to laugh at once.?
[正] We could not help laughing at once.?
[正] We could not help but laugh at once.?
[析] "couldn't help+動名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but后面要加不帶to的不定式,意思都是不得不去做某事.如:You could not (help) but respect him.?
can be able to ?
can與be able to都可以用來表示能力,但can只有現(xiàn)在時與過去時,be able to則可用任何時態(tài),如:He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過努力而達到的一次性動作則只能用be able to,如:He finally was able to jump over 2?10 meters. 或:The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是這兩個詞都沒有進行時態(tài),而be able to后面不接不定式的被動態(tài)。?
can could ?
can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時的口語中,只是用could更為禮貌,語氣更委婉。如:Could you tell us a story?
care ?
[誤] I don't care coffee.?
[正] I don't care for coffee.?
[誤] Take care for your steps.?
[正] Take care of your steps.?
[析] care for是"對某物感興趣",而care of是"關(guān)心,要當心某事",如:She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing.?
[誤] I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.?
[正] I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.?
[析] 在it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, 及in case引出的狀語從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如:I've got a football in case we have time for a game.?
change ?
[誤] I want to change my camera with that one.?
[正] I want to change my camera for that one.?
[析] change for為"以某物為交換物"。而change with則是"隨……而變",如:The wood's colour changed with the season.?
cheap ?
[誤] A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.?
[正] A teacher's salary is generally very low.?
[析] 工資的高低要用low,cheap是指價格便宜,如果要講物美價廉則要用not expensive, 如:This car is not expensive.?
choose ?
[誤] We each had to have a choose of A or B.?
[正] We each had to have a choice of A or B.?
[析] choice是名詞,而choose是動詞。?
class ?
[誤] The class is watching TV.?
[正] The class are watching TV.?
[析] class作主語時,如果作為整體講則應用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞,如:The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個成員時則應用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞,如:The class are, in general, very bright.?
clean ?
[誤] Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.?
[正] Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.?
[析] clean可以作為副詞講,其意為"完全",而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地",如:The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時意為"清潔的"、"干凈的",如:Her face is not clean now.?
clever ?
[誤] I'm not clever in English.?
[正] I'm not clever at English.?
[析] clever at是固定搭配,表示在某方面有特長。?
close ?
[誤] It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.?
[正] It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.?
[析] 這里的close是動詞,意為"關(guān)閉",而keep后要加形容詞,所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。?
[誤] Come closely so that I can see you.?
[正] Come close so that I can see you.?
[誤] Good teaching and good testing are close related.?
[正] Good teaching and good testing are closely related.?
[析] close,closely同樣可以作副詞用,但其意義不同,close是"靠近"、"接近"之意,而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴密"、"密切"之意。?
[誤] My school was quite close from my home.?
[正] My school was quite close to my home.?
[析] "與……接近"是close to…,例如:?
He was close to fifty.?
There is a bus?stop close to the station.?
close shut turn ?
shut與close是同義詞,如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關(guān)在門外時則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close,因shut語氣較強,并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類,有切斷之意。?
cloth ?
[誤] The children wear very good cloth to go to school.?
[正] The children wear very good clothes to go to school.?
[誤] I need a lot of clothing.?
I'm going to make a new cloth. ?
[正] I need a lot of cloth.?
I'm going to make a new dress. ?
[析] cloth是"布"、"布料",沒有復數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服,是復數(shù)名詞,"一套衣服"要講a suit of clothes, 如果是"一件件衣服"應講shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱,是不可數(shù)名詞。例如:This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.?英語中的dress是指比較正式的服裝,如a school dress(校服),a student dress(學生套裝),a working dress(工作服)。?
coffee ?
[誤] Please give me two waters.?
[正] Please give me two coffees.?
[正] Please give me two cups of water.?
[析] 雖然coffee, water, tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞,但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的卻不行,其前要加a cup of或a glass of.?
colour(color) ?
[誤] Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.?
[正] Flowers are red, yellow and white.?
[析] 中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色",若譯為英文Colours of flowers are…,就顯得重復了。?
[誤] I like green colour.?
[正] I like green.?
[正] I like colour green.?
[析] colour green中的colour是green的同位語,所以這種說話方式英語是可以接受的。?
come ?
[誤] I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.?
[正] I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.?
[析] come across是"偶然碰見、遇見",要直接加賓語,如:I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.?
[誤] Where do you come from??
I come from the station. ?
[正] Where did you come from??
I came from the station. ?
[正] Where do you come from??
I come from China. ?
[析] Where do you come from?意為"你是什么地方的人?"?而Where did you come from?則是"你從何處來?" ?
[誤] The stars are coming out from the cloud.?
[正] The stars are coming out of the cloud.?
[析] come out of意為"從……地方出來"。?
come in come into enter ?
come in與come into的意義相同,但come into后面要加賓語,而come in后面不用賓語。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.?
enter常作為及物動詞使用,如:The bus entered the English tunnel.?
congratulate ?
[誤] I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.?
[正] I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.?
[析] 動詞congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時一般要用復數(shù),如:I offered him my congratulations on his success.
又如:Congratulations!?
cook ?
[誤] My father is a good cooker.?
[正] My father is a good cook.?
[析] 很多動詞加上?er則變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動作的一種人,如work?worker,teach?teacher. 但cook即是動詞"做飯",同時名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如:I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高壓鍋)。?
corner ?
[誤] There is a post office in the corner of the street.?
[正] There is a post office at the corner of the street.?
[誤] A girl sat at the corner of the room.?
[正] A girl sat in the corner of the room.?
[析] in the corner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上,而at the corner是在外部的角上,如:There is a big tree at the corner of the building.?
cost ?
[誤] I cost ten dollars for the book.?
[正] I spent ten dollars on the book.?
[誤] I cost two hours to do my homework.?
[正] It took me two hours to do my homework.?
[析] cost, spend. take都可以作"花費"講,但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時間或金錢",如:The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時間+(in)doing something",如:I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢+on something",如:I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法則要用邏輯主語it:"It+takes+somebody+時間+to do something", 如:It took me an hour to clean the classroom.?
country ?
[誤] You can find cows in a country.?
[正] You can find cows in the country.?
[析] country即可作"國家"講,也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當作"農(nóng)村"講時,一定要加定冠詞,而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如:?
[誤] Farmers live in the countries.?
[正] Farmers live in the country.?
[析] 但作為"國家"講時則可有單、復數(shù)形式,例如:Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的國家,如:New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家,如:The Chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國家范圍,如:the state farm(國營農(nóng)場)。?
cross ?
[誤] There are traffic lights at the cross.?
[正] There are traffic lights at the crossing.?
[析] cross作為名詞講時是十字架、十字形的東西,如:Red Cross(紅十字會)。?
[誤] The little boy is going to across the street.?
[正] The little boy is going to cross the street.?
[析] across是副詞或介詞,但不能作動詞用。?
cross pass ?
cross是指橫過某地,如:He crossed the square. 而pass則強調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過,如:I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.?
crowd ?
[誤] The room soon was crowded by people.?
[正] The room soon was crowded with people.?
[析] crowded在這句話中應作為形容詞,所以這句話不是被動語態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu),如:The room was crowded with books.?
cup ?
[誤] A silver glass was given to the winner.?
[正] A silver cup was given to the winner.?
[誤] My mother was looking for the whisky cup.?
[正] My mother was looking for the whisky glass.?
[析] glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿,而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子,且cup尤其用在獎杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子,如我們講I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講I drink a cup of wine at supper.?
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《中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表3》由英語編輯整理,更多請訪問:https://www.liuxue86.com/english/