高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-插入語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用之一

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《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-插入語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用之一》由英語(yǔ)編輯整理,更多請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn):https://www.liuxue86.com/english/。本內(nèi)容整理時(shí)間為05月12日,如有任何問(wèn)題請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。
    插入語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用之一
    插入語(yǔ)(句)是說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)所表達(dá)意思的補(bǔ)充、強(qiáng)調(diào)、解釋或者說(shuō)話(huà)的態(tài)度,其位置靈活,常常用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與其他成分隔開(kāi),并且在語(yǔ)法上不影響其他成分。例如:
    I think, she has no feeling for your trouble. / She, I think, has no feeling for your trouble. 我想,她對(duì)你的遭遇無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。
    一 . 常見(jiàn)的插入語(yǔ)和插入句。
    1. 插入語(yǔ)常以副詞(副詞短語(yǔ))、形容詞(形容詞短語(yǔ))、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等形式出現(xiàn)。
    ( 1 )常見(jiàn)的副詞及短語(yǔ): indeed, surely, however, obviously, frankly, naturally, luckily / happily for sb. certainly 等。
    ( 2 )常見(jiàn)的形容詞及短語(yǔ): funny, needless to say (不用說(shuō)), most important of all 等。
    ( 3 )常見(jiàn)的介詞短語(yǔ): by the way, in a few words / in sum / in short (簡(jiǎn)而言之), in other words, in general, in one's opinion / judgment (按照某人的意見(jiàn)), in fact, in the first place, of course, to one's knowledge / surprise / regret /satisfaction / mind / joy / disappointment 等。
    ( 4 )常見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ): strictly / generally / honestly / personally / exactly / physically / speaking (嚴(yán)格地 / 一般地 / 坦誠(chéng)地等)說(shuō); judging from / by …(根據(jù)……判斷)等。
    ( 5 )常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ): to be sure (無(wú)疑地), to sum up (概括地說(shuō)), to tell the truth, to be honest, to be short, to conclude, to put it briefly, to put it in another way, to begin ( start ) with 等。
    注意:上述單詞或短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。例如:
    ( 1 ) Frankly, he'd like to listen to music.
    (副詞作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的態(tài)度)
    Here you should speak frankly.
    (副詞作狀語(yǔ))
    ( 2 ) True, your daughter is at home now. (形容詞作插入語(yǔ))
    He came back, hungry and tired. (形容詞作狀語(yǔ))
    ( 3 ) Judging from what he said, he does look down his elder brother. (現(xiàn)在分詞作插入語(yǔ),其主語(yǔ)不是句中的主語(yǔ),只是說(shuō)話(huà)者的附加說(shuō)明)
    Seeing from the window, he can see the lake. (現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ),邏輯主語(yǔ)是句中的主語(yǔ) he )
    ( 4 ) To tell you the truth, he doesn't quite agree with this idea. (不定式作插入語(yǔ),動(dòng)作主體不是句中的主語(yǔ),只是說(shuō)話(huà)者的附加說(shuō)明)
    To buy the machine, he went to Beijing. (不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),邏輯主語(yǔ)是句中的主語(yǔ) he )
    2. 插入句為簡(jiǎn)短的、具有完整意義的句子。常見(jiàn)的插入句如下: I think / hope / guess / know / believe / suppose, I am sure (我可以肯定地說(shuō)), that is ( to say )(也就是說(shuō)), it seems (看來(lái)是), as I see it (照我看來(lái)), what's more, what's worse, what is important / serious (重要 / 嚴(yán)重的是), I'm afraid (恐怕) , it is said (據(jù)說(shuō)), as we all know (眾所周知)等。
    插入句獨(dú)立性強(qiáng),一般用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)將其與其他句子成分隔開(kāi)。應(yīng)當(dāng)特別注意疑問(wèn)句的插入句,它一般為倒裝語(yǔ)序且無(wú)任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),而且整個(gè)疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)當(dāng)保持陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:
    ( 1 ) What should I do first?
    What do you think I should do first? (被插入的疑問(wèn)句原來(lái)為倒裝語(yǔ)序,插入后成為陳述語(yǔ)序)
    ( 2 ) Who is singing?
    Who do you think is singing? (被插入的疑問(wèn)句原來(lái)就是陳述語(yǔ)序,不需要做調(diào)整)
    二 . 插入語(yǔ)(句)在試題中的應(yīng)用。
    1. 單項(xiàng)選擇。由于插入語(yǔ)通常與句中其他成分沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法上的關(guān)系,命題者有意在句中插入一個(gè)從句或插入語(yǔ),造成主謂分離,給考生的理解帶來(lái)一定的困難和干擾。例如:
    ( 1 ) He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science. (上海 1998 )
    A. which I think is B. which I think it is
    C. which I think it D. I think which is
    分析:這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, which 在從句中作主語(yǔ),代替 the discovery .做這類(lèi)題目的方法是先將插入語(yǔ) I think 去掉,然后再將句子還原成為 He made another wonderful discovery, which is of great importance to science. 問(wèn)題就迎刃而解了。正確答案: A .
    ( 2 ) In fact ______ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (上海 2001 )
    A. this B. that
    C. there D. it
    分析: in fact 在句中實(shí)際擔(dān)當(dāng)插入語(yǔ),只不過(guò)沒(méi)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),意思是“實(shí)際上,對(duì)警察來(lái)說(shuō)在一次重大的足球比賽中,維持秩序是一項(xiàng)困難的工作”??崭袢菀装丫渥赢?dāng)成 fact 的同位語(yǔ)從句而誤選 B .正確答案: D
    ( 3 )- Alice, you feed the birds today, _____?
    - But I fed it yesterday. (廣東 1999 )
    A. do you B. will you
    C. didn't you D. don't you
    分析:這是特設(shè)語(yǔ)境,插入語(yǔ) Alice 暗示后面句子為帶主語(yǔ)的祈使句,正確答案: B .
    ( 4 ) Who do you think _______ us a talk this afternoon?
    A. to give B. gave
    C. will give D. giving
    分析: you think 是一個(gè)插入語(yǔ),將其去掉。正確答案: C .
    ( 5 ) Philip is a New Yorker, _______ , he lives in New York.
    A. that is B. besides
    C. after all D. in one word
    分析:直接選擇適合上下文語(yǔ)境的插入語(yǔ)。正確答案: A .
    2. 閱讀理解和完形填空。閱讀中出現(xiàn)大量插入語(yǔ)會(huì)增加理解障礙。熟練掌握插入語(yǔ),有利于分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),理解文章大意。例如: I, of course, like a bicycle better. It doesn't cost me much, yet it brings me a lot of convenience. What's more, it doesn't pollute the air. Bicycles are really good friends of people's.
    3. 寫(xiě)作。書(shū)面表達(dá)要求語(yǔ)言連貫、地道,恰當(dāng)使用插入語(yǔ),可以給文章增色不少。例如: Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters - in other words, I am an only child. My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education. They do not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my subjects. We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk together. It looks as if my parents regard me as a visitor or a guest. Do they really understand their own daughter? How things are in other homes, I wonder. ( NMET 2001 )
    強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練:
    I. 單項(xiàng)選擇:
    1. Mr. Anderson, ______ I thought died three years ago, is still living.
    A. w
    《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-插入語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用之一》由英語(yǔ)編輯整理,更多請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn):https://www.liuxue86.com/english/