In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, ____1____ it's pick-ing one of thirty-one ice cream ____2____, or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a ____3____ thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us confused, even paralyzed ____4____ indecision.“That’s particularly true ____5____ it comes to the work place,” says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human behavior. Students____6____ with a variety of skills and interests, but often ? nd themselves ____7____ when they are to choose an ultimate career ____8____ . In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students ____9____ their senior year.
Based on answers to questions ____10____ their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: maximizers, who ____11____ every possible option, and satisficers, who look until they find an option that is good enough. You might ____ 12____ that the student who had undertaken the most ____13____ search would be the most satis? ed with their ? nal decision, but it ____14____ that’s not true. Schwartz found that while maximizers ended up ____15____ better-paying jobs than satisficers on ____16____, they weren’t ____17____ happy with their decision.
The reason why these people feel less satis? ed is that a world of possibilities may also be a world of ____18____opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you ____19____ to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person is more acutely ____20____ of the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career.
1. A. such as B. either C. whether D. even if
2. A. tastes B. ? avors C. varieties D. styles
3. A. nasty B. great C. reasonable D. common
4. A. with B. of C. at D. from
5. A. when B. as C. before D. after
6. A. graduate B. are graduating C. have graduated D. graduated
7. A. overwhelmed B. overexcited C. dumbfounded D. stupe? ed
8. A. direction B. choice C. pursuit D. goal
9. A. before B. after C. from D. during
10. A. regardless B. regarding C. regarding of D. as regard
11. A. like B. choose C. consider D. deny
12. A. know B. agree C. argue D. expect
13. A. exhaust B. exhausting C. exhausted D. exhaustion
14. A. turns away B. turns in C. turns out D. turns against
15. A. in B. at C. to D. with
16. A. equal B. average C. terms D. percentage
17. A. so B. that C. as D. less
18. A. missing B. missed C. gaining D. gained
19. A. tend B. oblige C. used D. incline
20. A. af? rmative B. clear C. regretful D. aware
文章大意
在美國，人們每天面臨許多選擇。這看上去很好，然而太多的選擇也會讓人困惑，并且難以做出決定，尤其是擇業(yè)時會出現(xiàn)這種情況。在一項對大四畢業(yè)生的研究中，研究者將求職者分為“精挑細選型”和“滿足型”。前者是對所有的機會進行比較并挑選出最佳的那份工作，后者則是一旦遇到自己滿意的工作就接受。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然前者的收入要高于后者，但后者對自己的決定的滿意度卻要高于前者，因為前者更易患得患失。
答案與解析
1. C
語義銜接題。whether在這里引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句，表示“不管……或是……”,常與“or”連用。
2. B
語義銜接題。根據(jù)上文的意思，有時我們面臨的選擇太多，以至于眼花繚亂。在吃冰激凌時，冰激凌往往有多種口味(flavors)供人選擇，如：香草味(vanilla)，巧克力味(chocolate)等等。taste表示“(酸甜苦辣等)味道”;variety表示“品種”;style意為“風(fēng)格”。
3. B
邏輯關(guān)系題。因為下文緊接著出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折“but”，同時表示太多選擇造成人們的困惑，因此該句在邏輯意義上應(yīng)該是肯定的。
4. A
介詞辨析題。with在此表示“由于，因為(becauseof)”，如：The ywere trembling with fear.他們因為害怕而發(fā)抖。
5. A
固定搭配題。When itcomes to...是固定用法，表示“當(dāng)說到……時”。
6. B
時態(tài)用法題。根據(jù)下文意思，學(xué)生們雖然興趣多樣，掌握各種能力，但當(dāng)面臨擇業(yè)時他們卻不知所措。因此可知，學(xué)生們尚未畢業(yè)，are graduating表示“即將畢業(yè)”。
7. A
形容詞辨析題。這句的意思是選擇太多，造成學(xué)生“不知所措(over whelmed)”。Over excited：過于激動;dumb founded：因吃驚或不解而說不出話來;stupefied：極為驚訝，被麻醉。
8. D
固定搭配題。本句說的是學(xué)生選擇最終的職業(yè)目標，因此careergoal這一固定用法最符合題意。
9. D
介詞辨析題。during：在……期間，在(某段時間)內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意，Schwartz觀察了大學(xué)四年級學(xué)生在這一年中選擇職業(yè)的決策過程。
10. B
詞匯辨析題。regarding：關(guān)于，有關(guān)。此處需要介詞，而這四個詞中只有regarding為介詞。regardless必須與介詞of連用，表示“不管，不顧”;as regard必須與介詞to連用，意為“有關(guān)，關(guān)于”;regard of這個詞組不存在。
11. C
語義銜接題。根據(jù)文章可知有兩類學(xué)生，一類是對所有的可能性都加以考慮之后再做出選擇，另一類是一旦找到中意的工作就接受，四個選項中只有consider符合句意。
12. D
語義銜接題。作者認為，一般的人可能會猜測那些考慮了所有選擇的人最終會對自己的決定最為滿意，然而事實并非如此。expect：預(yù)期，預(yù)測。
13. C
詞義辨析題。這里需要一個形容詞修飾后面的名詞，意為學(xué)生在找工作時窮盡所有可能，exhausted：用完的，用盡的;exhausting：令人精疲力竭的。
14. C
詞義辨析題。Turn out：結(jié)果是(往往指出人意料的結(jié)果)。Turns away：趕走;turns in：上交;turns against：對抗。
15. D
介詞辨析題。maximizers努力的結(jié)果是最終有了一個好工作，with在此表示擁有。endupin也可以表示結(jié)果，但表示事情發(fā)展的結(jié)果，如果使用這個詞組本句子應(yīng)改寫為：“...maximizers’search ended up in better-paying jobs...”。
16. B
固定搭配題。onaverage：平均。
17. C
語義銜接題。根據(jù)句意，作者對maximizers和satisificers進行了一個對比，雖然前者所找的工作收入一般高于后者，但在快樂感上卻比后者要低。not...as在本句中表示“不到，少于”，相當(dāng)于less than。
18. B
語義銜接題。根據(jù)上文，對于maximizers來說，一大堆的選擇也就意味著一大堆的機會會失去。missed：錯過的。
19. A
詞義辨析題。Tend to：通常會，往往會。Be obliged to：必須;used to：過去常常;be inclined to：傾向于。
20. D
語義銜接題。根據(jù)上文可知，那些對所有選項逐一挑選的maximizers更加清楚地認識到，由于選擇只有一個，因此不得不放棄很多的機會。這也就是為什么他們的幸福感要更低一些。