Test Fourteen
名詞+不定式與名詞+介詞+?ing分詞
有些名詞如attempt, chance, effort, freedom, intention, reason, necessity, opportunity, time, way等，在其后用不定式或介詞+?ing分詞均可，意義無甚區(qū)別。例如：
The doctor made a bold attempt to save/at saving the child’s life.
有些名詞如ability, agreement, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, mind, obligation, permission, refusal, tendency, wish等，在其后通常帶不定式，而不帶介詞+?ing分詞。
例如：
Our ability to think and speak separates us from other mammals.
還有些名詞如aptitude, experience, hope, method, possibility, difficulty, interest, plan, habit, passion, genius等，其后通常帶介詞+?ing分詞，而不帶不定式。例如：
There is no hope of winning the game.
近義詞辨析
strange, eccentric, odd, peculiar, queer, unique
這組詞均含有“不平常的”或“奇怪的”的意思。
strange
詞義最廣。指非一般的、不平常的、費(fèi)解的或與預(yù)期不同的，還強(qiáng)調(diào)陌生，不熟悉。
With so many strange faces around her, she felt a bit nervous.身邊盡是陌生的面孔，她感到有點(diǎn)緊張。
eccentric
指行為偏離常規(guī)，特別是顯得古怪或可笑。
You’ll be considered eccentric if you go to the banquet in your tennis shoes.如果穿著網(wǎng)球鞋去參加宴會，別人會認(rèn)為你很古怪。
odd
強(qiáng)調(diào)有異于正常，表示不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、不正規(guī)、不符合規(guī)律等，暗示這種奇異令人困惑不解。
Einstein was considered an odd man by the neighbours’ kids.鄰居的孩子們認(rèn)為愛因斯坦是個古怪的人。
peculiar
強(qiáng)調(diào)具有明顯的奇異特征或令人不快的怪異特性。
We can identify the drug by its peculiar smell.我們可以通過其古怪的氣味來辨認(rèn)那種毒品。
queer
比odd更強(qiáng)調(diào)古怪性，指古怪得令人難以置信或離奇可笑。該詞是個比較陳舊過時的詞。曾被用于指男子同性戀者，宜慎用。
He had a queer expression on his face.他的面部表情古怪。
unique
可指在某一方面不同尋常、特別，有較強(qiáng)的“獨(dú)一無二”的意思。
His calligraphic style is unique.他的書法風(fēng)格很獨(dú)特。
全真模擬試題
1. ?____? their help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.
A. Hadn’t been for B. Had it not been for
C. It hadn’t been for D. Hadn’t it been for
2. ?____? that the sweater is hand?made, the price seems reasonable.
A. Since B. In view C. Because D. Considering
3. I am in charge of welcoming the ?____?.
A. visitors from outside of town
B. out-of-town visitors
C. visitors of out-of-town
D. outside town visitors
4. I really do not know whether we can succeed, so do not expect ?____?.
A. too much of us B. us too much
C. of us too much D. us of too much
5. Japan has begun to rival America ?____?.
A. producing automobiles
B. to manufacture automobiles
C. in the production of automobiles
D. for automobiles producing
6. He did nothing but ?____? letters home all this afternoon.
A. to writ B. writing C. write D. wrote
7. ?____? left before the deadline, it does not seem likely that Jimmy will accomplish the job.
A. With so short time
B. Although such a short time
C.With such a short time
D. It is such a short time
8. “Will Tom recover?”“Right now there is no way ____.”
A. of knowing B. to be known
C. for knowing D. to have known
9. No sooner had we started out ?____? it began to snow.
A.then B.when C. than D. whenever
10. ?____? the consequence, I will be on your side.
A. However B. No matter how
C. No matter D. Whatever
11. When they arrived at the cross roads, they went the wrong ?____?.
A. direction B. way C. path D. route
12. I can’t stand the summer’s ?____? heat.
A. intensive B. heavy C. intense D. high
13. She takes ?____? interest in the economic reform in China.
A. considerable B. conventional
C. considerate D. conservative
14. When our university library bought this microscope we were given a one year’s ?____?.
A. proof B. reservation C. security D. guarantee
15. The football player had studied economics in the university for ?a(n)??____? of roughly six years.
A. decade B. time C. age D. period
16. A dictionary of the English language, ?____? by Dr. Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic written survey of English usage.
A. compiled B. composed
C. concocted D. collected
17. The volunteer firefighters valiantly tried to put out the ?____?forest fire.
A. raging B. rippling C. rolling D. roaring
18. Education is ?____? for all school?age children in many a country.
A. universal B. compulsory C. requested D. general
19. The policeman’s ?____? mind caught the suspect’s lies.
A. alive B. alert C. experienced D. imaginable
20. Over years, a balance is ?____? among the plants and animals in a community and it remains basically stable.
A. worked out B. worked off
C. worked over D. worked up
21. The global influence of English can be measured by the opposition of its old ?____?, French.
A. rival B. mould C. objective D. plot
22. That night’s ?____? with Grace was as tough a battle as I’ve ever fought with an animal.
A. experience B. encounter C. fatigue D. attack
23. I don’t think I have become more political, but if I see injustice and ?____?, I feel I have to do something.
A. hostility B. hostage C. inhumanity D. indignation
24. Dr. Foxsaid that wolves he has have been even more ?____?and more sensitive to human feelings than most dogs have.
A. expressive B. extensive
C. impressive D. intensive
25. The present universal fear has been the result of a forward surgeinour knowledge and ?____? of certain dangerous factors in the physical world.
A. perception B. supplement
C. synthesis D.manipulation
試題答案與解析
1. B)【句意】要不是他們幫助，我們不會成功。
【難點(diǎn)】這是以had為助動詞，表示虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句句型，省略if，句子倒裝，而not不提前。
2. D)【句意】考慮到這件毛衣是手工織的，價格還算合理。
【難點(diǎn)】considering常常當(dāng)作介詞用，意為“考慮到”。
3. B)【句意】我負(fù)責(zé)接待城外的來客。
【難點(diǎn)】out?of?town 是合成形容詞。
4. A)【句意】我真不知道我們會不會成功，所以不要對我們期望太高。
【難點(diǎn)】expect…of …表示“對…期望”。
5. C)【句意】在汽車生產(chǎn)方面日本已經(jīng)成為美國的競爭對手。
【難點(diǎn)】in表示“在…方面”。
6. C)【句意】整個今天下午他在家除了寫幾封信，別的什么也沒做。
【難點(diǎn)】do nothing but 后加動詞原形。
7. C)【句意】在最后期限到來之前，時間所剩無幾，吉米似乎不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。
【難點(diǎn)】逗號前是個由with引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。time前加a,表示一段時間。
8. A)【句意】“湯姆會恢復(fù)健康嗎?”“眼下還無從知道。”
【難點(diǎn)】there is no way of knowing意為還無法知道。
9. C)【句意】我們剛一出發(fā)天就開始下雪。
【難點(diǎn)】no sooner …than為固定句型，意為“一…就”。
10. D)【句意】不論后果如何，我都將站到你這邊。
【難點(diǎn)】whatever意為“不論什么，不論…如何”。
11. A)【句意】到十字路口時，他們走錯了方向。
【難點(diǎn)】direction 意為“方向”,go the wrong direction是習(xí)語，意為“走錯方向”。way意為“方式,方法”;path意為“小路;小道”;route意為“路線，航線”。?
12. C)【句意】我無法忍受夏日的酷熱。
【難點(diǎn)】intense意為“強(qiáng)烈的”，intense heat 為固定搭配，意為“酷熱”。intensive意為“集中的，徹底的”;heavy 意為“強(qiáng)烈的;猛烈的”，但不能修飾heat;high 意為“(速度，溫度，程度等)激烈的”。
13. A)【句意】她對中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革懷有極大的興趣。
【難點(diǎn)】considerable意為“相當(dāng)?shù)模捎^的”;conventional意為“慣例的;常規(guī)的”;considerate意為“體貼的”;conservative意為“保守的，慎重的”。
14. D)【句意】我們大學(xué)的圖書館買這臺顯微鏡的時候，得到一年保修的承諾。
【難點(diǎn)】guarantee 意為“保證;保單”;proof意為“證據(jù);證物”;reservation意為“預(yù)訂，預(yù)訂的房間或座席”;security 意為“保證;保障;擔(dān)保”。
15. D)【句意】這位足球運(yùn)動員曾在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了大約六年經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。
【難點(diǎn)】period 意為“(一段)時間，時期，階段;時代”; decade意為“十年，十年期”;time意為“(一部分)時間，(一段)時間”;age 意為“時代，年代”。
16. A)【句意】塞繆爾•約翰遜編的《英語字典》是對英語用法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)書面研究的第一次真正嘗試。
【難點(diǎn)】compile意為“編輯，編纂”;compose意為“創(chuàng)作(音樂、文學(xué)作品);譜曲”;concoct意為“人為地制造，編造”;collect意為“收集;聚集”。
17. A)【句意】消防志愿者們勇敢地努力去撲滅熊熊燃燒的森林大火。
【難點(diǎn)】raging意為“狂想的，狂暴的”;rippling意為“起漣漪的;波動的”;rolling意為“起伏的，翻騰的”;roaring意為“吼叫的，轟鳴的”。
18. B)【句意】在許多國家，教育對所有學(xué)齡兒童來說是義務(wù)性的。
【難點(diǎn)】compulsory意為“強(qiáng)制的，義務(wù)的”;universal意為“全體的;共同的，普遍的”;request是動詞，意為“要求”，general意為“一般的，普通的”。
19. B)【句意】警察頭腦機(jī)警，揭穿了嫌疑犯的謊言。
【難點(diǎn)】alert意為“警惕的;警覺的”;alive意為“活的;有活力的;“只能做表語;experienced意為“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，老練的”;imaginable意為“可想象的，想得到的”的，常與all,every,only連用。
20. D)【句意】生物群落中的植物和動物從長時間角度看能保持平衡，這種平衡會基本上保持穩(wěn)定。
【難點(diǎn)】work out意為“解決，計算出”;work off 意為“慢慢除去”;work over意為“徹底檢查，充分研究”;work up 意為“漸漸發(fā)展成，逐漸達(dá)到”。
21. A)【句意】英語在全球的影響可從它的老對手法語的抵抗窺見一斑。
【難點(diǎn)】rival意為“競爭者，對手”;mould意為“模子，鑄型”;objective意為“目的，目標(biāo)”;plot意為“陰謀，秘密計劃”。
22. B)【句意】那晚和格雷絲的遭遇就像我以前同動物的打斗一樣艱難。
【難點(diǎn)】encounter意為“邂逅;遭遇”，后接with; experience意為“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)”;fatigue意為“疲勞”;attack意為“攻擊;責(zé)難”。
23. C)【句意】我認(rèn)為我并沒有變得更有政治傾向，但是，如果我看見不公正和野蠻的事情，我感覺我必須做點(diǎn)什么。
【難點(diǎn)】inhumanity意為“無人性;野蠻”;hostility意為“敵意;敵視”;hostage意為“人質(zhì);抵押品”;indignation意為“憤怒;義憤”。
24. A)【句意】?？怂共┦空f，他養(yǎng)的狼要比多數(shù)狗對人更富于情感，更敏感。
【難點(diǎn)】expressive意為“富于表情的，意味深長的”;extensive意為“廣泛的;廣闊的”;impressive意為“給人以深刻印象的”;intensive意為“集中的，密集的”。
25. D)【句意】現(xiàn)在普遍存在的恐懼一直是我們大量地了解并控制了客觀世界里某些危險因素的結(jié)果。
【難點(diǎn)】manipulation意為“控制，操縱”;perception意為“感知，察覺”;supplement意為“增補(bǔ)物，補(bǔ)充物”;synthesis意為“綜合，結(jié)合”。