Test Twenty-One
近義詞辨析?
beat, win, conquer, defeat, overcome
這組詞均有“獲勝，征服，擊敗”之意。
beat
指在戰(zhàn)爭、競賽或其他方面最終徹底戰(zhàn)勝對方，對象可以是人，也可以是物。
win
指在競賽或戰(zhàn)斗中擊敗對方，其對象一般應(yīng)是物，如battle, race, victory等。
conquer
既可指靠武力或精神道方面的力量使對方屈服，又可指在排除障礙和阻力后取得勝利。
defeat
意為“擊敗”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是暫時的勝利。
overcome
既可指在戰(zhàn)斗和競賽中戰(zhàn)勝對方，也可指在感情、習(xí)慣等方面壓倒，勝過。
如：We can easily beat you at baseball.打壘球我們可以輕易地?fù)魯∧銈儭?BR> The Chinese team won in the end.最后中國隊(duì)贏了。
The Normans conquered England in 1066.1066年，諾曼底人征服了英格蘭。
He defeated his opponents in this election.在這次競選中，他擊敗了對手。
He made efforts to overcome every difficulty.他努力克服每一個困難。
award, reward
這組詞均含有“授予，給予”的意思。
award
意為“授予，給予”，通常指官方或法院根據(jù)規(guī)定把錢財(cái)?shù)泉劷o或判給某人。
reward
意為“酬勞，獎賞”，通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某種服務(wù)而應(yīng)得到的報(bào)答或酬謝。
如：
He was awarded a medal for his outstanding contribution to science.由于對科學(xué)作出了杰出貢獻(xiàn)，他被授予一枚獎?wù)隆?BR> He rewarded me with 30 dollars for taking him to the airport.我把他送到機(jī)場，他給了我30美元作酬金。
全真模擬試題
1. She never laughed, ?____? lose her temper.
A. nor she ever did B. or she ever did
C. or did she ever D. nor did she ever
2. ?____? with the developed areas, people’s living standard of this province is not high at all.
A. Compare B. While comparing
C. When compared D. Comparing
3. It is no use ?____? me not to worry about his injury.
A. you tell B. your telling
C. for you to have told D. having told
4. If the earth suddenly ?____? spinning, we would allfly off it.
A. had stopped B. stopped
C. has stopped D. would stop
5. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ?______? the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.
A. in that B. in which
C. in order that D. in the way
6. After taking office, China’s Prime Minister, Zhu Rongji, tried his best to promote the new ?____? policies.
A. economic B. economical C. economy D. economics
7. Look at these clouds. ?____?.
A. It will rain B. It’s going to rain
C. It will be raining D. It is to rain
8. ?____? the 1500’s ?____? the first Europeans explored the coast of California.
A. It was not until/then B. It is not until/when
C. It is until/that D. It was not until/that
9. ?____? the letter, I ran out of the room to the post office.
A. Finishing
B. No sooner that I had finished up
C. As soon as I finished writing
D. Since I finished up to write
10. If the law and order ?____?, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.
A. are not preserved B. have not been preserved
C. were notpreserved D. is not preserved
11. Before moving to another city, Amy ?____? of the house and the furniture.
A. disposed B. discarded C. discharged D. distributed
12. Amy Taylor was ?____? both as a drama critic and as a poet.
A. subtle B. progressive C. eminent D. plausible
13. He was very much interested in the work of charities, and made a regular ?____? to them.
A.dedication B. fellowship
C. hospitality D. contribution
14. The temperature ?____? greatly; the days were very hot, the nights very cold.
A. changed B. altered C. varied D. reflected
15. The washing machine would not work because of a(n) ?____?in the switch.
A. mistake B. trouble C. error D. defect
16. Recently there has been a great ?____? for small cars that consume little gas.
A. request B. want C. demand D. claim
17. Mark ?____? his breath in wonder when he saw the Christmas tree in the sitting room.
A. held B. grasped C. kept D . blew
18. Our school singing group is going to give a(n) ?____?performance next month. Don’t miss it.
A. alive B. living C. life D. live
19. The old buildings blend with the new ones in perfect ?____?so a walk along Nanking Road is an enjoyable discovery.
A. control B. order C. harmony D. action
20. It is not profitable to provide bus service in districts where the population is widely ?____?.
A. divided B. separated C. spaced D. scattered
21. It was necessary to ?____? the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.
A. extend B. increase C. lengthen D. grow
22. He studied hard in his youth, which ?____? his great success in later life.
A. answered for B. consisted of
C. doubled up D. contributed to
23. If I look the other way, I can see the mouth of the river, wild and ?____?, and the sea beyond.
A. grand B. inspired C. fierce D. splendid
24. The relationship between dream life and waking life has been studied ?____?.
A. originally B. intensively C. extremely D. properly
25. ?____? the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.
A. as to B. as usual C. as regards D. as well as
試題答案與解析
1. D)【句意】她從未開懷大笑過，也從未發(fā)過脾氣。
【難點(diǎn)】由so, nor, neither引導(dǎo)的并列分句，表示“同樣，也”等意義時，主謂語要倒裝。
2. C)【句意】與發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)相比，該省人民的生活水平根本就不高。
【難點(diǎn)】本句中發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)和該省為對比的對象，狀語部分中動詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是“該省”,故應(yīng)該采用被動語態(tài)。when compared是when it is compared的省略。
3. B)【句意】你讓我別擔(dān)心他的傷勢，可那沒用。
【難點(diǎn)】It is no use 后通常跟動名詞短語。
4. B)【句意】如果地球突然停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，我們都會從上面飛離出去。
【難點(diǎn)】表示與現(xiàn)在存在的客觀事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，一般用虛擬語氣句，條件句的謂語為動詞過去時。
5. A)【句意】廣告不同于其他的傳播方式，是因?yàn)閺V告商得為發(fā)布的信息付費(fèi)。
【難點(diǎn)】in that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語，往往用于書面語，放在句中而不在句首，意為“因?yàn)?，原因在?rdquo;。In which一般用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾表示方位的名詞。In order that常常用于引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。
6. A)【句意】中國國務(wù)院總理朱****在上任伊始便盡力推行新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。
【難點(diǎn)】economic 意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，與經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的”。economical 意為“節(jié)約的，不浪費(fèi)的”。economy意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)”。economics意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”。
7. B)【句意】看看這些烏云，馬上就要下雨了。
【難點(diǎn)】選項(xiàng)A)中will表示一種意愿。B)中的be going to do sth 表示目前已有跡象表明即將發(fā)生某種事情。C)中使用了將來進(jìn)行時，用來表示將來某一時刻或某一時期正在進(jìn)行的動作。D)中的be to do sth 表示一種計(jì)劃或安排。
8. D)【句意】直到16世紀(jì)，第一批歐洲人才發(fā)現(xiàn)加利福尼亞海岸。
【難點(diǎn)】本句將not until…that…句型和強(qiáng)調(diào)句It is (was)…that…結(jié)合在一起，形成一個新的常用的結(jié)構(gòu)。
9. C)【句意】一寫完信，我就從家里跑到郵局。
【難點(diǎn)】finish為及物動詞，后邊直接跟名詞或動名詞，A)項(xiàng)變成Havingfinished才正確。
10. D)【句意】如果法律與秩序不存在，公民及其財(cái)產(chǎn)也就無安全可言。
【難點(diǎn)】本句意在陳述一項(xiàng)事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)采用一般時,law and order是習(xí)語，意為“治安”，作單數(shù)。
11. A)【句意】在搬到另一個城市之前，艾米處理掉了房子和家具。
【難點(diǎn)】dispose of 意為“處理，整理”;discard意為“丟棄;拋棄”; discharge 意為“解雇，免…的職務(wù);開除”; distribute意為“分開;分送;分配”。
12. C)【句意】艾米•泰勒既是個卓越的戲劇評論家，也是個卓越的詩人。
【難點(diǎn)】eminent意為“(在地位，學(xué)識，品格等方面)出眾的，卓越的，顯著的”;subtle意為“微妙的，敏銳的，靈巧的”;progressive意為“進(jìn)步的，前進(jìn)的”;plausible意為“(論點(diǎn)等)貌似有理的，貌似真實(shí)的”。
13. D)【句意】他對慈善事業(yè)很感興趣，并定期作些捐贈。
【難點(diǎn)】contribution 意為“捐款，貢獻(xiàn);捐助”，make a contribution to 是動詞短語，意為“向…捐款”;dedication 意為“獻(xiàn)身;獻(xiàn)身精神”;fellowship 意為“伙伴關(guān)系;友情;友誼”;hospitality 意為“友好款待;好客;殷勤”。
14. C)【句意】氣溫變化非常大，白天特別熱，夜晚特別冷。
【難點(diǎn)】vary意為“相異，不同;變化; change意為“改變，變化”，尤指全面發(fā)生的變化;alter意為“(部分地)改變，變動;更改”;reflect意為“反射;反應(yīng);顯現(xiàn)”。
15. D)【句意】由于開關(guān)有毛病，洗衣機(jī)就是不起動。
【難點(diǎn)】defect意為“缺陷;弱點(diǎn)”;mistake意為“錯誤;過失”;trouble意為“困難，麻煩，困擾”;error 意為“失誤，錯誤”。
16. C)【句意】近來對油耗低的微型小汽車的需求量一直很大。
【難點(diǎn)】demand意為“需求，需求量,要求”，supply and demand構(gòu)成“供需”之意;request意為“請求，請”;want 意為“需要，缺乏”，常用于for want of 這一短語中;claim意為“要求,主張，聲稱,認(rèn)領(lǐng)”。
17. A)【句意】當(dāng)馬克看到起居室里的圣誕樹時，他驚訝地屏住了呼吸。
【難點(diǎn)】hold one’s breath 意為“(因緊張，激動等)屏息”，另外三個動詞不能和breath進(jìn)行合理搭配。
18. D)【句意】我們學(xué)校合唱隊(duì)下月將進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場表演，千萬不要錯過喲!
【難點(diǎn)】live 在本句中是形容詞，意為“現(xiàn)場直播的，實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的”;alive 意為“有活力的，有生色的，活躍的”;living意為“逼真的，惟妙惟肖的”;life為名詞，不適合本句句意。
19. C)【句意】南京路上新舊建筑物如此和諧，以致走在路上，你會感到心曠神怡。
【難點(diǎn)】in harmony意為“協(xié)調(diào)一致，和睦融洽”;in control 意為“處于被控制狀態(tài)”;in order 意為“井然有序，處于良好狀態(tài)”;in action意為“在起作用，在行動中”。
20. D)【句意】人口分布稀疏的地區(qū)通公共汽車不劃算。
【難點(diǎn)】scatter意為“使分散”;divide意為“分隔，把…隔開”;separate 意為“使(兩者)分開，分離”;space意為“(用間隔)分隔開”。
21. A)【句意】公司的生意越做越大，有必要擴(kuò)大廠房。
【難點(diǎn)】extend意為“擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)大…范圍”;increase意為“增加，增大，增強(qiáng)”;lengthen意為“使延長，使伸長”;grow意為“增長，增長，發(fā)展，擴(kuò)大”。
22. D)【句意】他年輕的時候?qū)W習(xí)很努力，這也是他后半生取得巨大成功的原因。
【難點(diǎn)】contribute to意為“有助于，促成，是…的部分原因”;answer for 意為“負(fù)有責(zé)任，需作交待”;consist of 意為“組成，構(gòu)成”;double up意為“笑彎了腰”。
23. C)【句意】如果我朝另一側(cè)看，我能看見河口，洶涌奔騰，再往遠(yuǎn)處，就是大海。
【難點(diǎn)】fierce 意為“猛烈的”;grand意為“雄偉的，堂皇的，莊重的”;inspired意為“受到鼓舞的”;splendid 意為“壯麗的，華麗的，壯觀的”。
24. B)【句意】夢境生活與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的聯(lián)系已被徹底研究過。
【難點(diǎn)】intensively 意為“集中地，徹底地”;originally 意為“本來，原來”，不能和完成時連用;extremely意為“極端地，非常地”;properly 意為“適宜地，恰當(dāng)?shù)?rdquo;。
25. D)【句意】除有敵人進(jìn)攻的危險，人們還要去應(yīng)付衣食、燃料和幾乎所有物資的緊缺。
【難點(diǎn)】as well as 意為“除…之外，還要…”;as to 意為“關(guān)于”; as usual 意為“照常，照例”，不是介詞詞組，不能用于本句， as regards 意為“關(guān)于…,至于…”。