Test Thirty-Four
近義詞辨析
roughly, approximately, about, around
這組詞都可表示在距離、時間、數(shù)量等方面“接近，大約”。
roughly
意為“粗略，大約”，經(jīng)常用來代替approximately或about。該詞常含有隨便、草率的意味。
approximately
作“近于，接近”講，表示精確程度非常接近某一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其誤差極小甚至可忽略不計。
about
作“大約”講，可與approximately互相使用，但它不如前者那樣強(qiáng)調(diào)對精確度的接近，但它后面的數(shù)或量都是明確的，沒有“多少不定”的意思，如，不可說“about more than two”。
around
意為“大約”，有時用于非正式場合，可以代替about或approximately
Roughly speaking, I think we are heading for the depression.大體說來，我認(rèn)為我們正走向蕭條。
It was approximately 100°F in the shade.在蔭涼處溫度約為華氏100度。
There are about 60 people in the room.這房間里大約有60個人。
He went to bed around midnight.他大約半夜才去睡覺。
accumulate, amass
這組詞均含有“累積，積聚”的含義。
accumulate
強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地連續(xù)積累，從而積聚成堆。
amass
往往用于價高或量大的積聚。
The accumulated evidence isn’t enough to ensure his conviction.已收集到的證據(jù)還不足以給他定罪。
My savings are accumulating interest.我的儲蓄不斷生息。
Fat will be accumulated in your body if you stop doing sports.如果你停止運(yùn)動，脂肪就會積聚于體內(nèi)。
A speculator may try to amass great wealth.投機(jī)商會想方設(shè)法積聚錢財。
assemble, collect, gather
這組詞均含有“收集，聚集”的意思。
assemble
指為了一定目的把即將分散的人或物集合為一個整體。
gather
是一般用語，指將分散的東西聚集在一起。用于人時表示“聚集，集中”之意。
collect
與gather通用，指按計劃進(jìn)行收集整理，其對象一般是物，偶爾也用于人，意為“集合”。
Assemble your papers and put them in this file.把你的論文收集起來，放在這個文件夾里。
You must gather the students to your side.你必須把學(xué)生團(tuán)結(jié)到你這一邊來。
People gathered in crowds on the street waiting for the news of victory.人們成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚集在街上，等待著勝利的消息。
My son likes collecting stamps.我兒子喜歡集郵。
全真模擬試題
1. Only in the dream world ?____? moments of desolation or terror that are worse than anything we have known under the sun.
A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there
2. Would you please ?____? spoil any material?
A. not B. not to C. to not D. don’t
3. ?____? in physical shape, he dropped out of the University of Syracuse.
A. As he was bad B. Bad as he was
C. Bad although he was D. Bad though he was
4. I hope you don’t mind me ?____? you sir, but is there much money involved in the will?
A. asking B. to ask C. ask D. that I ask
5. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is ?____?.
A. that he was gradually going deaf
B. because he was gradually going deaf
C. on account of the fact that he was gradually going deaf
D. since he was gradually going deaf
6. “I often feel a sudden fast heart beat when I’m idle.”“You should stop your exercising and need ?____?”
A.to check your heart
B. to have your heart checked
C. to have checked your heart
D. to be checked your heart
7. When I finish the story, Lenin jumped up from his chair and started pacing the floor, ?____?, deep in thought.
A. with his head bending B. in his head bent
C. his head bending D. his head bent
8. But what ?____? to define his personality is a driven concentration on his work, compulsive attention to every aspect of creating musicals.
A. seems most B. is mostly
C. is most D. seems mostly
9. Switzerland is ?____? a place to indulge in all your favorite winter sports; it’s also a marvellous spot to relax.
A. rather than B. more than
C. else than D. other than
10. I am lucky ?____? the thing I enjoy doing most is ?____? I’ve ended up doing.
A. when... that B. if...what
C. that... what D. that...that
11. Please ?____? your voice if you have any questions to ask the chairman.
A. rise B. raise C. lift D. enlarge
12. Owen obviously had no ?____? of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the English Test.
A. ambition B. desire C. intention D. wish
13. The National Gallery in London has more visitors than ?____?any other because of its free admission.
A. practically B. really C. actually D. completely
14. On that bitterly cold winter night , few people walked along the ?______? narrow streets.
A. lonely B. neglected C. deserted D. isolated
15. If you keep gettingwrong numbers, your phone could be ?____?.
A. defective B. ineffective C. deficient D. deceptive
16. Mr.Johnson had a terrible cold and could not stop ?____?.
A. yawning B. sighing C. sneezing D. spitting
17. The chairman asked the members to ?____? their votes for or against the proposal.
A. cast B. throw C. bid D. offer
18. She was barred from the golf club for refusing to ?____?with the request.
A. conform B. adhere C. abide D. comply
19. She always ?____? the smell of fresh bread with her aunt, who loved baking.
A. associated B. connected C. attributed D. contributed
20. Even when the strike was over, and the wages dispute had been ?______? , it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely.
A. settled B. evened C. calmed D. relieved
21. She was paid by the hour, and she managed to keep her family with herpitiful?____?.
A. salary B. wages C. stipend D. payment
22. A plane is a ?____? and so is a car.
A. transport B. drive C. vehicle D. carriage
23. Tony was in plain clothes, watching for a ?____? character at London Airport all night.
A. suspicious B. suspect C. susceptible D. doubtful
24. At first she thought he was joking. It took Jason twenty minutes to convince her that he was ?____?.
A. earnest B. real C. genuine D. serious
25. You may even become a head waiter eventually. If you have the rightsortof ?____? and are not afraid of hard work.
A. nature B. personality C. temper D. character
試題答案與解析
1. D)【句意】只有在夢鄉(xiāng)世界才有比人世間任何東西都遭的荒涼或恐怖時刻。
【難點(diǎn)】only 引導(dǎo)倒裝句，主語moments 是復(fù)數(shù)，所以選D)。
2. A)【句意】你不毀壞東西不好嗎?
【難點(diǎn)】would you please 句型的否定式要在please后加not，not 后使用動詞原形。
3. A)【句意】由于身體不好，他從塞路克斯大學(xué)輟學(xué)了。
【難點(diǎn)】As he was bad 是原因狀語從句，as 是“因?yàn)?rdquo;的意思。Bad as he was 是一個讓步狀語從句，采用的是半倒裝形式，意為“盡管他很糟”。C)和D)兩項(xiàng)不成立。
4. A)【句意】我希望你不要介意我問你一個問題，遺囑里涉及錢的問題了嗎?
【難點(diǎn)】mind 后接動名詞或物主代詞加動名詞或者人稱代詞加動名詞。
5. A)【句意】貝多芬去鄉(xiāng)下的原因是他正在逐漸變聾。
【難點(diǎn)】如果主語是reason，那么后面作表語的從句應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)。
6. B)【句意】“我閑著沒事的時候，常感覺心臟跳得特厲害。”“你應(yīng)該停止鍛煉，檢查一下心臟。”
【難點(diǎn)】need 在本句中作實(shí)義動詞，后接動詞不定式。have sth done 是一個常用的使動結(jié)構(gòu)。
7. D)【句意】我講完故事后，列寧從椅子上跳了起來，開始在屋子里踱來踱去,低著頭，陷入沉思。
【難點(diǎn)】his head bent 是獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)， his head 是邏輯主語，bent 是邏輯謂語。
8. A)【句意】但似乎最能解釋他人格的東西是，工作注意力集中是被迫的，注意創(chuàng)作音樂劇的每個方面也是被迫的。
【難點(diǎn)】seem后加不定式to do 是seem 的用法之一。Most和mostly 不同，most 是最高級，表示程度，而mostly意思是“主要地，大部分地，多半;通常”。全句的主語是what 引導(dǎo)的what從句。
9. B)【句意】瑞士不僅僅是一個能使人沉湎于你最喜愛的冬季體育運(yùn)動的地方，而且是一個休閑娛樂的風(fēng)景地。
【難點(diǎn)】more than 意為“不僅僅”;rather than 意為“而不是”;else than 不是固定搭配;other than意為“除了”。
10. C)【句意】我很幸運(yùn)，我最喜歡做的事是我已不再做的事。
【難點(diǎn)】I’m lucky 后接that 從句作賓語;賓語從句中的主語是the thing， the thing 后是定語從句;賓語從句中的表語是what引導(dǎo)的what從句。
11. B)【句意】如果有問題要問主席，請大點(diǎn)聲。
【難點(diǎn)】raise意為“提高;增大;提升”，是及物動詞;rise意為“上升”，是個不及物動詞;lift意為“提高;提高…的地位”，主要指的是提起一重物;enlarge 意為“擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)充”。
12. C)【句意】盡管距離英語考試只有一周時間，那天歐文還是明顯地沒有做任何工作的意圖。
【難點(diǎn)】intention意為“意圖，目的”，常用于the intention of doing sth 的結(jié)構(gòu)中;ambition意為“雄心，野心”;desire意為“愿望，欲望，渴望”，后常接動詞不定式作定語;wish 意為“希望，想要”，但和desire有所不同。wish 和 desire辨析wish 常用于主觀愿望或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望;desire強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀愿望的迫切性，系書面語，用于正式場合或文章中，有盡力爭取或需要盡力爭取之意。
13. A)【句意】由于不收門票，倫敦國家美術(shù)館比任何其它美術(shù)館接納的來訪者都多。
【難點(diǎn)】practically 意為“幾乎，差不多”;really 意為“很，十分;全然”;actually 意為“實(shí)際上”;completely意為“完全地，完整地”。
14. C)【句意】在那個寒冷的冬夜，很少有人在這空無一人的窄巷上行走。
【難點(diǎn)】deserted 意為“無人居住的，空無一人的”;lonely意為“寂寞的”;neglected意為“被忽視的，被忽略的”;isolated意為“隔離的，分離的，孤立的”。
15. A)【句意】如果總有人打錯你家電話，你的電話可能有毛病。
【難點(diǎn)】defective意為“有毛病的，有缺陷的”;ineffective 意為“無效的，無效果的”;deficient意為“缺乏的，不足的”，常指量的不足，不夠;deceptive意為“騙人的”。
16. C)【句意】約翰遜先生得了重感冒，不停地打噴嚏。
【難點(diǎn)】sneeze 意為“打噴嚏”;yawn意為“打哈欠”;sigh意為“嘆氣，嘆息”;spit 意為“吐痰，吐唾沫”。
17. A)【句意】主席請各位成員投票表示贊成或反對這個提議。
【難點(diǎn)】cast 意為“投，擲，扔”, cast votes 意為“投票”;bid 意為“喊價，出價”，是拍買和投標(biāo)用語; throw 意為“投，擲，扔”;offer意為“出價，開價，報價”。throw 和cast 辨析：throw 指用手臂突然用力把某物向一定目標(biāo)扔去。cast指用手向下把某物向一定目標(biāo)拋去，一般投擲的東西較輕，并常用于比喻。
18. D)【句意】她因拒絕服從要求而被高爾夫俱樂部開除。
【難點(diǎn)】comply 意為“遵從，依從，順從”，后接with; conform 意為“遵照，適應(yīng)”，后接介詞to; adhere 意為“堅持，遵守”，后接介詞to;abide 后接by 意為“遵守，信守”。
19. A)【句意】她總是把鮮面包味與她嬸嬸聯(lián)系起來，她嬸嬸很喜歡烤面包。
【難點(diǎn)】associate意為“(在思想上)把…聯(lián)系在一起”，后常與with 連用;connect 意為“聯(lián)接;聯(lián)系”，指聯(lián)系有形的物體;attribute意為“把歸因于;把(過錯等)歸于”，后接介詞 to; contribute 意為“捐款，捐助”。
20. A)【句意】即使在罷工結(jié)束、工資糾紛得到解決之后，還要花幾星期時間這個國家才能清理干凈。
【難點(diǎn)】settle 意為“解決(糾紛等);even意為“使平衡;拉平(比分)”; calm意為“使平靜，使寧靜，使鎮(zhèn)定”; relieve 意為“緩解，減輕，解除，使解脫”。
21. B)【句意】她做鐘點(diǎn)工，但還是能夠以她微薄的工資養(yǎng)家。
【難點(diǎn)】wage 意為“工資”，常作復(fù)數(shù)使用;salary 意為“薪水，薪金”;stipend意為“(牧師、教師、公職人員等)薪奉，生活津貼”;payment意為“支付，付款”。
wages 和salary 辨析：wages 主要指以月，小時或計件為單位付薪的勞動收入，尤指每周或每兩周付給的勞動(多是體力勞動)報酬。
salary 指固定年薪，常為一個月或更長時間付一次，且一般指職員，腦力勞動者的薪金。
22. C)【句意】飛機(jī)是運(yùn)載機(jī)器，小汽車也是。
【難點(diǎn)】vehicle 意為“車輛，機(jī)動車，飛行器;運(yùn)載器”;transport 意為“運(yùn)輸，交通”;drive意為“私人車道;(公園里的)車行道”; carriage意為“四輪馬車，火車車廂”。
23. A)【句意】托尼身著便衣，整夜在倫敦機(jī)場監(jiān)視一個可疑人物。
【難點(diǎn)】suspicious意為“令人懷疑的，可疑的”;suspect是名詞，意為“嫌疑犯”;susceptible意為“敏感的，過敏的”，后接介詞to;doubtful 意為“疑惑的，懷疑的”，常與about, of 連用，一般不修飾名詞。
24. D)【句意】一開始她以為他開玩笑。杰森用了二十分鐘才叫她相信他是認(rèn)真的。
【難點(diǎn)】serious 意為“認(rèn)真的;當(dāng)真的”;earnest 意為“熱切的，迫切的”;real 意為“真的，真正的”;genuine意為“真的;非人造的”。serious 指的是說話態(tài)度的認(rèn)真，一本正經(jīng)。real 和genuine辨析：real一般指真實(shí)或表里一致的事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)性。genuine表示某物本身質(zhì)地是真的，純粹的，不是假的或偽造的。
25. B)【句意】如果你人品好，不怕累，不怕苦，你最后有可能成為領(lǐng)班。
【難點(diǎn)】personality 意為“人格，個性”; nature 意為“天性，本性，性情”;temper 意為“心情，情緒，脾氣”;character 意為“品德，品質(zhì)，性格”，一般用于a man of good character這類詞組中。