大學(xué)英語四級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)題(十)

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    大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試開考在即,大家都準(zhǔn)備地怎么樣了?四級(jí)翻譯自改革后也是考生吐槽最多的之一,進(jìn)入英語四級(jí)考試沖刺階段,翻譯也是考生復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)之一,下面出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)為大家精心整理了英語四級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)練習(xí)題,供大家參考。
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    翻譯原文:
    從秦朝到晚清,朝廷將人民分為四個(gè)階級(jí):地主、農(nóng)民、工匠和商人。地主和農(nóng)民構(gòu)成了兩個(gè)主要的階級(jí),而商人和工匠們則歸到兩個(gè)較小的階級(jí)。從理論上講,除了帝位,其他身份都不能世襲(hereditary)。當(dāng)擁有大量土地和半農(nóng)奴(semi-serfs) 的顯赫家族出現(xiàn)時(shí),封建主義(feudalism)就會(huì)局部復(fù)辟。他們控制著朝廷重要的民事和軍事職位,并將任職這些職位的機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)本宗族的成員敞開。自唐代開始,朝廷改革了科舉制度(imperial examination system),試圖根除這種現(xiàn)象。
    參考譯文:
    From the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty,the Chinese government divided Chinese people into four classes:landlord, peasant, craftsman and merchant.Landlords and peasants constituted the two major classes, while merchants and craftsmen were collected into the two minor ones.Theoretically,except for the position of the Emperor,nothing was hereditary.There was a partial restoration of feudalism when eminent families with large amounts of land and huge number of semi-serfs emerged.These families dominated important civilian and military positions of the government,making the positions available to members of their own families and clans.Since the Tang dynasty,the government reformed the imperial examination system as an attempt to root out this phenomenon.
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