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2019年英語六級(jí)考試翻譯練習(xí)題：漢語教學(xué)
中國的官方語言普通話在美國的學(xué)校中突然熱起來。由于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在21世紀(jì)的快速發(fā)展，美國的公立和私立學(xué)校紛紛在外語課程中加入漢語這一科目，或?qū)⒁延械臐h語教學(xué)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在美國的學(xué)校中，有5萬名孩子在學(xué)習(xí)漢語。但推動(dòng)漢語項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展不是沒有遇到困難。由于缺乏受過專業(yè)訓(xùn)練、持有證書的教師，一些學(xué)校很難加入漢語教學(xué)的競爭。當(dāng)學(xué)校聘用教師時(shí)，它們通常直接從中國招聘，這種方式為文化沖突埋下了隱患。
參考譯文：
Mandarin, the official language of China, is suddenly hot in American schools. With the rapid development of China’s economy in the 21th century, both public and private schools in America are scrambling to add Mandarin to their curricula of foreign languages or expanding Chinese language programs already in place. By some estimates, as many as 50 000 children nationwide are taking Mandarin in American schools. To develop Chinese-language programs has met some difficulties. A shortage of professionally trained teachers with certificates has made it difficult for some schools to join the competition. When schools need to employ teachers, they often recruit them from China directly, which is a hidden trouble for culture clash.
【翻譯詞匯】
官方語言 official language
普通話 Mandarin
快速的 rapid
課程 curriculum (pl.curricula)
已有的 in place
缺乏 shortage
受過專業(yè)訓(xùn)練 professionally trained
證書 certificate
招聘 recruit
文化沖突 culture clash
2019年英語六級(jí)考試翻譯練習(xí)題：文化
文化是一個(gè)非常廣泛的概念，給它下一個(gè)嚴(yán)格和精確的定義是一件非常困難的事情。籠統(tǒng)地說，文化是一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，是人們長期創(chuàng)造形成的產(chǎn)物，同時(shí)又是一種歷史現(xiàn)象，是社會(huì)歷史的積淀物(sediment)。確切地說，文化是能夠被傳承的國家或民族的歷史、地理、風(fēng)土人情、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗、生活方式、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、行為規(guī)范、思維方式、價(jià)值觀念等，是人類之間進(jìn)行交流的普遍認(rèn)可的一種能夠傳承的意識(shí)形態(tài)(ideology)。
參考譯文：
Culture is a very broad concept, and it is extremely difficult to define it strictly and exactly. Generally speaking, culture is a social phenomenon, which is a product created by people for ages. And it is also a historical phenomenon, which is sediment of social history. To be exact, culture is national and ethnic history, geography, local customs and practices, traditional custom, lifestyles, literature and arts, behavioral norms, the way of thinking, values and so on, which can be inherited. And it is also a kind of ideology of inheritance, which is widely recognized in communication of human beings.
詞匯解析
人們長期創(chuàng)造形成的產(chǎn)物 a product created by people for ages
確切地說 to be exact (=exactly speaking 注：由于前文用到了generally speaking，故本處換種表達(dá)方式。)
風(fēng)土人情 local customs and practices
2019年英語六級(jí)考試翻譯練習(xí)題：端午節(jié)(1)
端午節(jié)(the Dragon Boat Festival)，又稱重五節(jié)，于每年農(nóng)歷五月初五慶祝。 這是廣泛流傳2000多年的民間節(jié)日，也是中國最重要的節(jié)日之一。端午節(jié)當(dāng)天舉行各種慶?；顒?dòng)，吃粽子和賽龍舟(dragon boat racing)是其中的重要習(xí)俗。關(guān)于端午節(jié)的起源，有很多傳說。一部分人認(rèn)為端午節(jié)是為了紀(jì)念詩人屈原，另一部分人則認(rèn)為是為了紀(jì)念戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期的著名將領(lǐng)伍子胥。然而，屈原的傳說流傳最廣。人們非常欣賞這位愛國詩人的高尚情操和出眾才華，更對(duì)他投江自盡的結(jié)局深表同情。
參考譯文：
The Dragon Boat Festival, also called Double Fifth Festival, is celebrated on May 5th on lunar calendar. It is a folk festival widely spread with a history of over 2,000 years, and is one of the most important Chinese festivals as well. There are various celebrating activities on that day, among which the customs of eating rice dumplings and dragon boat racing are quite important. There are many legends on the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival.Some people think it is to commemorate the poet Qu Yuan, while others say it is to be in honor of Wu Zixu, a famous general during the Warring States period. However, the legend of Qu Yuan spreads most widely. People appreciate highly the noble sentiment and prominent talent of this patriotic poet and are very sympathetic with the ending that he committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.
解析
1.廣泛流傳:可使用詞組widely spread表達(dá)。
2.民間節(jié)日:即folk festival, folk意為“民間的”。
3.端午節(jié)當(dāng)天舉行各種慶?；顒?dòng):使用there be句式更為簡潔，譯為There are various celebrating activities on that day。
4.粽子:可譯為rice dumplings，也可以直接用zongzi。
5.紀(jì)念:可譯為commemorate或 in honor of。
6.高尚情操:可譯為noble sentiment。
7.出眾才華:可譯為prominent talent。其中prominent意為“出眾的，杰出的”。
8.投江自盡:可譯為 commit suicide by drowning oneself in a river。其中 commit suicide意“自殺”。
9.深表向情:“對(duì)…表示同情”可譯為be sympathetic with。
2019年英語六級(jí)考試翻譯練習(xí)題：端午節(jié)(2)
端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀(jì)念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣(minister)，他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。但最后因?yàn)槭艿秸u謗(vilify)而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子(glutinous dumplings)和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
參考譯文：
The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan's body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.