6. 將下面每組中的兩個(gè)句子合并，將其中一個(gè)改為同位語(yǔ)從句。
1) he is growing old.
nothing could hide the fact.
2) he works hard.
the fact does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader.
3) i have a complacent feeling.
i feel that i’m highly intelligent.
4) he explained that he didn’t see the notice.
the explanation is unsatisfactory.
5) he holds that there is no advantage in introducing the new method.
most of us don’t agree with his view.
6) he won the first gold medal at the 23rd olympic games.
the news soon spread throughout the country.
7) he has suggested that intelligence is a relative matter.
his suggestion is not universally accepted.
8) i moved that the vote be postponed.
he seconded my motion.
9) he feared that he might not be able to finish the work.
the fear disturbed him greatly.
10) we expressed a hope.
that hope was that mr. and mrs. morrison would come and visit china again.
11) i’ve come from mr. lin with a message.
it says that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
12) suzy is the right person for the job.
there can be no doubt about it.
ø 定語(yǔ)從句
在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句是定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞的后面。定語(yǔ)從句一般由關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引出。
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有兩個(gè)作用：1、把主句和從句連接起來(lái);2、在從句中作一個(gè)成分。which, that, who在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ);whom作賓語(yǔ);whose作定語(yǔ)。when, where, why在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom如果在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，也可以省略。
另外，如果which或whom在定語(yǔ)從句中原為介詞的賓語(yǔ)，則這個(gè)介詞可以提到從句前，構(gòu)成介詞+which或whom引出的定語(yǔ)從句。
定語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)與先行詞的密切程度可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，從句是整個(gè)句子不可缺少的部分，去掉之后句子的意思就不完整，不明確，從句與主句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，從句只是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，去掉之后句子的意思仍然很清楚，從句與主句之間常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
將下面每組中的兩個(gè)句子合并，將其中一個(gè)改為定語(yǔ)從句。
1) i went to visit the american author.
he wrote a number of books about china.
2) my aunt prepared the soup.
i ate the soup.
3) i have an arrangement with my bank.
by the arrangement they let me use their money and repay them next month.
4) he sent her a letter.
in the letter he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.
5) mr. brown just came from britain yesterday.
he will teach us accounting this term.
6) she is going to spend the winter holidays in hainan.
she has some relatives there.
7) the united states is known for its supermarkets.
in these supermarkets, huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.
8) the story happened in late 19th century.
at that time, china is suffering from the invasion of western powers.
ø 狀語(yǔ)從句
狀語(yǔ)從句按其意義可以分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、讓步等類別。其引導(dǎo)詞分別如下：
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when, after, before, as, while, whenever, since, once, until, as soon as
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where, wherever
原因狀語(yǔ)從句：because, as, since, now that
目的狀語(yǔ)從句：so that, in order that, lest
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：so that, so…that, such…that
條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if, unless, suppose (supposing), provided (that), providing (that), on condition (that), in case, as (so) long as
方式狀語(yǔ)從句：as, as if (though)
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：though, although, even if (though), however, whatever, no matter how (what, where, when), whether…or
將下面每組中的兩個(gè)句子合并，將其中一個(gè)改為狀語(yǔ)從句。
(as long as, on condition that, lest, so…that, such…that, in case, as if, now that, whether…or, however, )
1) you’ve bought a new car.
what are you going to do with the old one?
2) we’d better take the telescope with us.
perhaps it is needed.
3) we must hurry off.
otherwise, we might miss the bus.
4) the problem was very complicated.
it took us nearly two weeks to solve it.
5) the aircraft was flying at a very high altitude.
we could hardly see it.
6) i’ll lend you my computer.
the condition is that you keep it in good shape.
7) you can go out.
but you should promise to be back before 11 at night.
8) i remember the whole thing.
it seems that it happened yesterday.
9) he tried very hard.
but he could not do the job satisfactorily.
10) it may take an hour or even a whole day.
but i shall find out the answer.
(三) 復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句
并列句和復(fù)合句往往可以濃縮成復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句，使語(yǔ)言更為緊湊、多樣。
1. 表示時(shí)間、讓步或條件的狀語(yǔ)從句往往可以改寫(xiě)為介詞詞組作狀語(yǔ)。
1) they looked both ways before they crossed the street.
2) i made my decision after i talked to sir francis.
3) although he was ill, he was determined to carry out his plan.
4) although they’re intelligent, they aren’t doing well in school.
5) although he’s rich, he isn’t very happy.
6) although he’s tall, he isn’t a very good basketball player.
7) if we had your support, we might succeed in performing our task.
8) even if there were air and water, plants still couldn’t grow on the moon.
9) if you don’t work hard, you will accomplish nothing.
10) if it had not been for their assistance, he would have found himself in trouble.
1) he is growing old.
nothing could hide the fact.
2) he works hard.
the fact does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader.
3) i have a complacent feeling.
i feel that i’m highly intelligent.
4) he explained that he didn’t see the notice.
the explanation is unsatisfactory.
5) he holds that there is no advantage in introducing the new method.
most of us don’t agree with his view.
6) he won the first gold medal at the 23rd olympic games.
the news soon spread throughout the country.
7) he has suggested that intelligence is a relative matter.
his suggestion is not universally accepted.
8) i moved that the vote be postponed.
he seconded my motion.
9) he feared that he might not be able to finish the work.
the fear disturbed him greatly.
10) we expressed a hope.
that hope was that mr. and mrs. morrison would come and visit china again.
11) i’ve come from mr. lin with a message.
it says that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
12) suzy is the right person for the job.
there can be no doubt about it.
ø 定語(yǔ)從句
在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句是定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞的后面。定語(yǔ)從句一般由關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引出。
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有兩個(gè)作用：1、把主句和從句連接起來(lái);2、在從句中作一個(gè)成分。which, that, who在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ);whom作賓語(yǔ);whose作定語(yǔ)。when, where, why在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom如果在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，也可以省略。
另外，如果which或whom在定語(yǔ)從句中原為介詞的賓語(yǔ)，則這個(gè)介詞可以提到從句前，構(gòu)成介詞+which或whom引出的定語(yǔ)從句。
定語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)與先行詞的密切程度可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，從句是整個(gè)句子不可缺少的部分，去掉之后句子的意思就不完整，不明確，從句與主句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，從句只是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，去掉之后句子的意思仍然很清楚，從句與主句之間常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
將下面每組中的兩個(gè)句子合并，將其中一個(gè)改為定語(yǔ)從句。
1) i went to visit the american author.
he wrote a number of books about china.
2) my aunt prepared the soup.
i ate the soup.
3) i have an arrangement with my bank.
by the arrangement they let me use their money and repay them next month.
4) he sent her a letter.
in the letter he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.
5) mr. brown just came from britain yesterday.
he will teach us accounting this term.
6) she is going to spend the winter holidays in hainan.
she has some relatives there.
7) the united states is known for its supermarkets.
in these supermarkets, huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.
8) the story happened in late 19th century.
at that time, china is suffering from the invasion of western powers.
ø 狀語(yǔ)從句
狀語(yǔ)從句按其意義可以分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、讓步等類別。其引導(dǎo)詞分別如下：
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when, after, before, as, while, whenever, since, once, until, as soon as
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where, wherever
原因狀語(yǔ)從句：because, as, since, now that
目的狀語(yǔ)從句：so that, in order that, lest
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：so that, so…that, such…that
條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if, unless, suppose (supposing), provided (that), providing (that), on condition (that), in case, as (so) long as
方式狀語(yǔ)從句：as, as if (though)
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：though, although, even if (though), however, whatever, no matter how (what, where, when), whether…or
將下面每組中的兩個(gè)句子合并，將其中一個(gè)改為狀語(yǔ)從句。
(as long as, on condition that, lest, so…that, such…that, in case, as if, now that, whether…or, however, )
1) you’ve bought a new car.
what are you going to do with the old one?
2) we’d better take the telescope with us.
perhaps it is needed.
3) we must hurry off.
otherwise, we might miss the bus.
4) the problem was very complicated.
it took us nearly two weeks to solve it.
5) the aircraft was flying at a very high altitude.
we could hardly see it.
6) i’ll lend you my computer.
the condition is that you keep it in good shape.
7) you can go out.
but you should promise to be back before 11 at night.
8) i remember the whole thing.
it seems that it happened yesterday.
9) he tried very hard.
but he could not do the job satisfactorily.
10) it may take an hour or even a whole day.
but i shall find out the answer.
(三) 復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句
并列句和復(fù)合句往往可以濃縮成復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句，使語(yǔ)言更為緊湊、多樣。
1. 表示時(shí)間、讓步或條件的狀語(yǔ)從句往往可以改寫(xiě)為介詞詞組作狀語(yǔ)。
1) they looked both ways before they crossed the street.
2) i made my decision after i talked to sir francis.
3) although he was ill, he was determined to carry out his plan.
4) although they’re intelligent, they aren’t doing well in school.
5) although he’s rich, he isn’t very happy.
6) although he’s tall, he isn’t a very good basketball player.
7) if we had your support, we might succeed in performing our task.
8) even if there were air and water, plants still couldn’t grow on the moon.
9) if you don’t work hard, you will accomplish nothing.
10) if it had not been for their assistance, he would have found himself in trouble.