九、句子結構的錯誤
在英語中按句型來說可以分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句四種，從結構上來說又可以分為簡單句、并列句和復合句三種。句子的結構錯誤是構成句子完整結構的某一成分用錯或者缺少，或者使用了多于成分而造成句意不清的錯誤類型。由于英語語法和漢語語法特點在結構上表現(xiàn)得十分明顯，主、謂、賓結構在數(shù)、格、人稱上的一致、連接手段的正確使用以及詞序安排等，都與漢語有著相當大的差異，因此在改錯中也是一大難點。句子結構錯誤類型包括：句子類型使用錯誤、句子成分短缺、平行結構錯誤以及詞組搭配使用錯誤。
例 1
Computer analyzed marketing reports can help
deciding which products to emphasize now, which
to develop for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________
本句中三個平行成分 which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped 結構模式應該一致，均采用不定式主動語態(tài)，因而 to be dropped 應改為 to drop 。
例 2
When we consider the comfortable circumstances
of a working family today, the life of the workingman
in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had
been ever hard. 1.__________
根據(jù)上文中“ earlier ”可知，原句顯然是將 1882 年以前的生活與 1882 年時的生活作比較，所以此處 hard 應該改為 harder 。
例 3
At the beginning of the nineteenth century working
hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful,
and working conditions being poor and dangerous. 1.__________
在該句中， working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous 三個小分句為并列結構關系，因此必須保持成分和結構上的一致性，故應該將 being 改為 were 。
例 4
However, a second person thought that this was
more a question of civilized behavior as good 1.__________
manners.
“ more…than… ”是固定搭配用法，在此句中表示“與其…不如…”的意思，而不是“比…多”的意思；沒有“ more…as… ”的搭配用法，故應該將 as 改為 than 。
在英語中按句型來說可以分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句四種，從結構上來說又可以分為簡單句、并列句和復合句三種。句子的結構錯誤是構成句子完整結構的某一成分用錯或者缺少，或者使用了多于成分而造成句意不清的錯誤類型。由于英語語法和漢語語法特點在結構上表現(xiàn)得十分明顯，主、謂、賓結構在數(shù)、格、人稱上的一致、連接手段的正確使用以及詞序安排等，都與漢語有著相當大的差異，因此在改錯中也是一大難點。句子結構錯誤類型包括：句子類型使用錯誤、句子成分短缺、平行結構錯誤以及詞組搭配使用錯誤。
例 1
Computer analyzed marketing reports can help
deciding which products to emphasize now, which
to develop for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________
本句中三個平行成分 which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped 結構模式應該一致，均采用不定式主動語態(tài)，因而 to be dropped 應改為 to drop 。
例 2
When we consider the comfortable circumstances
of a working family today, the life of the workingman
in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had
been ever hard. 1.__________
根據(jù)上文中“ earlier ”可知，原句顯然是將 1882 年以前的生活與 1882 年時的生活作比較，所以此處 hard 應該改為 harder 。
例 3
At the beginning of the nineteenth century working
hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful,
and working conditions being poor and dangerous. 1.__________
在該句中， working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous 三個小分句為并列結構關系，因此必須保持成分和結構上的一致性，故應該將 being 改為 were 。
例 4
However, a second person thought that this was
more a question of civilized behavior as good 1.__________
manners.
“ more…than… ”是固定搭配用法，在此句中表示“與其…不如…”的意思，而不是“比…多”的意思；沒有“ more…as… ”的搭配用法，故應該將 as 改為 than 。