GMAT考試邏輯題型標(biāo)志詞總結(jié)

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在面對(duì)GMAT邏輯題目的時(shí)候,第一步就是看準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題,明確題目類型,從而運(yùn)用不同的技巧解題。下面我們就對(duì)各種題型的關(guān)鍵詞做一個(gè)總結(jié),希望可以幫助你在考場(chǎng)上從容面對(duì)各種問(wèn)題。
    一.歸納題
    標(biāo)志詞:conclusion; inferred; implied; supported; if above true, then it is also true。(注:support不僅僅用于歸納法。舉例來(lái)說(shuō),歸納法的表達(dá)應(yīng)為:Which of the following are supported by the argument above?如果換個(gè)說(shuō)法就可以變成加強(qiáng)題型的表述:Which of the following support the argument above?所以在解題的時(shí)候要格外小心。)
    二.演繹題
    1.第一種文章:前提推結(jié)論型
    A.假設(shè)題:
    標(biāo)志詞:assume; assumption; presuppose (特指對(duì)于前提的假設(shè)); additional premise; not true unless; depend on; rely on.
    B.加強(qiáng)題:
    標(biāo)志詞:support(注意和歸納題目的區(qū)分); strengthen, conclusion can be drawn if it were true that.
    C.削弱題:
    標(biāo)志詞:weaken; cast doubt; argue against; damage; counter; challenge; flaw; refute; jeopardize; criticism; undermine; drawback; reasoning error; weakness. (其中flaw,criticism,reasoning error和weakness屬于名詞性的削弱)。
    D.評(píng)價(jià)題:
    標(biāo)志詞:evaluate,appraisal(根據(jù)加強(qiáng)題做)
    2.第二種文章:因果結(jié)構(gòu)
    文章內(nèi)部標(biāo)志詞:A is due to B; A is attribute to B; A is result of B; blame B on/for A; B is responsible for
    A; credit A to B.
    問(wèn)題中的標(biāo)志詞:explanation; interpretation; hypothesis。
    3.第三種文章:"變態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)"(表面上仍然是前提推出結(jié)論的結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)質(zhì)為因果結(jié)構(gòu),即結(jié)論是前提的解釋)。此類文章沒(méi)有與眾不同的標(biāo)志詞,需要考生在實(shí)戰(zhàn)時(shí)分析判斷。
    從題型上看,第一類文章的線索顯然多于后兩類,也就是說(shuō)解題上較為方便,幸運(yùn)的是第一類題目一般占去了考題的絕大部分,所以說(shuō)還是有技巧可尋的。