四六級語法詞匯2

字號:

關(guān)于used to的意義和用法
    used to (只有過去時形式,沒有現(xiàn)在時形式)表示過去習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài),這種情況現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。例如:
    He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.
    在否定陳述句或否定疑問句中,用didn‘t use to或usedn’t to均可:
    He didn‘t use to smoke cigarettes.
    He usedn‘t to smoke cigarettes.
    Didn‘t Maria use to be interested in the theatre?
    Usedn‘t Maria to be interested in the theatre?
    在肯定疑問句中也可有兩種形式:
    Used you to go to the same school as Edward?
    Did you use to go to the same school as Edward?
    近義詞辨析
    use, apply, avail, employ, utilize
    這組詞均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。
    use強(qiáng)調(diào)利用人或物作為工具。
    He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他為實驗新的涂料,花光了一切錢財。
    Apply 指把某物或某種方法、原理等加以應(yīng)用。
    We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.我們不僅要知道理論,還要知道怎樣把理論應(yīng)用于實踐。
    avail指使用就近的或他人給予的東西,或使別人為自己提供服務(wù)。
    I don‘t think complaints will avail you much.我覺得抱怨對你沒多大用處。
    We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我們利用一切機(jī)會講英語。
    employ指使用未被利用的東西;用于人時表示雇用。
    He doesn‘t know how to employ his energy and time.他不知道該怎么利用他的精力和時間。
    utilize指充分發(fā)揮某物的作用,使無用的東西變有用,或使人或物有新用途。
    She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中發(fā)揮她的藝術(shù)才能。
    全真模擬試題
    1. My pain ______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must be B. must have been C. had been D. had to be
    2. It is only when you nearly lose someone ______ fully conscious of how much you value him.
    A. do you become B. then you become
    C. that you become D. have you become
    3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ______ the
    atmosphere.
    A. as it is B. so is C. the same as D. and so is
    4. While driving along the treacherous road, ______。
    A. my right rear tyre blew out 
    B. my right rear tyre had a blowout 
    C. I had a blownout on my right rear tyre 
    D. I had my right rear tyre blowout
    5. Jean Wagner‘s most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry
    is his insistence that it ______ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
    A. is to be analysed B. has been analysed 
    C. be analysed D. should have been analysed
    6.______ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.
    A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless
    7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of ma
    king more of an impact on the art community ______ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.
    A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than
    8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought
    them ______ suffering and poverty.
    A. anything but B. nothing but 
    C. none other than D. no more than
    9. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctor‘s office.
    A. it B. that C. what D. which
    10. The board deemed it‘s urgent that these files ______
    right away.
    A. had to be printed B. should have been printed 
    C. must be printed D. should be printed
    11. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ______
    of it at all.
    A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. interpretation
    12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the ______
    of your spectacles need changing.
    A. lenses B. glasses C. sights D. crystals
    13. The school committee hoped that their choice of play would be ______ with the students and their parents.
    A. recognized B. popular C. favorable D. fascinated
    14. By cutting down trees we ______ the natural home of birds and animals.
    A. harm B. hurt C. injure D. damage
    15. Mr. Robinson knew that the most trivial chore could prove to be a ______ if approached with enthusiasm.
    A. prize B. reward C. refund D. bonus
    16. The trade unions in this industry are ______ any reduction in wages.
    A. objecting against B. opposed to 
    C. reacted to D. resisting against
    17. She was teaching me ______ you would teach a younger child to speak the language.
    A. the way B.in the way C. a way D. to the way
    18. The Brownings have not ______ yet and I doubt whether they will come.
    A turned in B. turned out C.turned up D. turned to
    19. We went on a(n) ______ to the mountain yesterday.
    A.excursion B. trip C. tour D. travel
    20. When Sarah and I ______ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.
    A. compiled B. gathered 
    C. collaborated D. collected
    21. Beth could ______ her coat because it had large
    red buttons.
    A. recognize B. prove C. define D. claim
    22. Postal ______ are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.
    A. taxes B. payment C. fees D. premium
    23. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ______。
    A. help B. aid C. support D. tool
    24. On New Year‘s Eve, there will be a firework ______
    at People‘s Square.
    A. display B. performance C. show D. exhibition
    25. The ______ of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.
    A. consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption
    試題答案與解析
    1. B) 「句意」我剛一走進(jìn)房間時一定表現(xiàn)得
    很痛苦,因為我遇到的第一個人同情地問我:“你沒事吧?”
    「難點」must與完成時不定式連用往往表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的主觀推測
    ,常譯成“一定是…”。
    2. C) 「句意」只有當(dāng)你快要失去什么人時,
    你才充分意識到他對你是多么重要。
    「難點」該句是一個典型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式,即It is……that……。
    
    3. B) 「句意」正像土壤是地球的一部分,大
    氣層也是。
    「難點」Just as……,so……為一固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“正如…,…也…”。
    
    4. C) 「句意」當(dāng)我在險峻的山路上駕車急馳
    時,車的右后胎爆了。
    「難點」此句為一個帶有時間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句。在英語中,由while, when等引導(dǎo)的
    時間狀語從句,如果其主語與主句中的主語相同,從句中的主語可以省略,而只剩下分詞短
    語。駕車的應(yīng)該是人,所以只能從C)和D)選,而D)的意義不符,所以選C)。
    
    5. C) 「句意」杰恩。瓦格那對亞非詩歌最永恒
    的貢獻(xiàn)是他堅持認(rèn)為,這類詩歌除用凡俗的參考框架,還應(yīng)用宗教的參考框架進(jìn)行研究。
    「難點」insistence是個從insist派生來的名詞,二者后面分別接同位語
    從句和賓語從句,句中皆應(yīng)使用虛擬形式,即should+動詞原形或動詞原形。
    
    6. C) 「句意」盡管我們在改變天氣方面無能
    為力,但我們至少知道天氣未來的變化。
    「難點」while除表示時間外,還可表示轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步,意為“盡管,雖然”。該句中其它選項不具備此意。
    
    7. C) 「句意」該組織把西部藝術(shù)家聚集在一
    起,希望
    他們比任何個人都能更多地影響藝術(shù)界,并由婦女來促進(jìn)西部藝術(shù)。
    「難點」選項C)的than與句中的more形成正確搭配,意為“比…都…”,故為答案。
    
    8. B) 「句意」但是多年以前瑞士人就發(fā)現(xiàn)連
    年不斷的戰(zhàn)爭給他們帶來的只有苦難和貧窮。
    「難點」nothing but意為“僅僅,只不過”;anything but意為“除…
    以外的任何事“;none other than意為”不是別人,正是…“;no more than意為”不過,僅僅“。
    
    9. C) 「句意」在經(jīng)過一段似乎是漫無邊際的
    等候之后,終于輪到她走進(jìn)醫(yī)生的辦公室。
    「難點」在由after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語中,what seemed(to be)起定語作用,修飾an endless wait.又如:I saw what seemed to be a fox.我看見一個似乎是狐貍的東西。
    
    10. D) 「句意」董事會認(rèn)為這些卷宗應(yīng)立刻打印。
    「難點」urgent在句中做形式賓語it的補(bǔ)足語,其后的賓語從句應(yīng)使用虛擬式,即should+動詞原形。
    
    11. C) 「句意」他的答案很不清楚,我根本弄
    不懂。
    「難點」sense意為“意義;含義”,短語make sense of意為“弄懂…的
    意思“;explanation意為”解釋,說明,闡述“,側(cè)重說明事件的真相、原因;meaning意為”意義,意思;
    含義“,但不能在make sense of 短語中代替sense;interpretation意為”解釋,說明,闡明“,比較正式。
    
    12. A) 「句意」你應(yīng)該每年檢查一次自己的眼睛,因為你的眼鏡鏡片也許需要更換。
    「難點」lenses意為“鏡片”;glasses意為“眼鏡”;sights意為“視
    野;風(fēng)景“;crystals意為”水晶,晶體“。
    
    13. B) 「句意」校董會希望他們選擇的那出劇
    會受到孩子和家長的歡迎。
    「難點」popular意為“討人喜歡的;得人心的;受歡迎的”。recognized意為“被賞識的
    ;受表彰的“。favorable意為”贏得贊許的;討人喜歡的“,但后面不能接with.fascinated意為”被迷住的,被弄得神魂顛倒的“。
    
    14. D) 「句意」我們砍伐樹木的行為損壞了鳥
    獸的自然家園。
    「難點」damage意為“加害于…,損傷…”;harm意為“對…有害”;hurt意為“疼痛,受傷,(精神上)傷害”;injure意為“使受傷”,身體受外力傷害。
    
    15. B) 「句意」羅賓遜先生知道,如果帶著熱
    情去做,最瑣碎的家務(wù)也能證明是一種報償。
    「難點」reward意為“報答;獎賞”;prize意為“獎金,獎品”;refun
    d意為“退款”;bonus意為“獎金,紅利”。
    
    16. B) 「句意」該行業(yè)工會反對降低工資。
    「難點」be opposed to意為“反對,對抗”;object against不常用;react to意為“作出反應(yīng),反應(yīng)”;resist不與against連用。
    
    17. A) 「句意」她教我那門語言的方式簡直就
    象在教一個小孩說話。
    「難點」the way后接從句,意為“以…方式”。in the way意為“妨礙(
    某人)“。a way 和to the way不是固定搭配。
    
    18. C) 「句意」勃朗寧一家人還沒露面,我懷
    疑他們會不會來。
    「難點」turn up意為“出現(xiàn),露面”;turn in意為“歸還,遞交…”;
    turn out意為“原來是,證明是”;turn to 意為“求助于;求教于”。
    
    19. A) 「句意」昨天我們到那座山里進(jìn)行了一次遠(yuǎn)足觀光。
    「難點」excursion意為“遠(yuǎn)足,短途旅行”;trip意為“旅游出行;行
    程“;tour意為”游歷;觀光“;travel意為”(長途)旅行“。
    
    20. C) 「句意」當(dāng)我和薩拉為校報合作一篇文
    章時,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在一起工作。
    「難點」collaborate意為“合作,合著”;compile意為“匯集;編輯”
    ;gather意為“聚會,集會”;collect意為“收集;集合”。
    
    21. A) 「句意」貝絲能認(rèn)出自己的大衣,因為
    她的大衣上有紅色的大鈕扣。
    「難點」recognize意為“認(rèn)出,識別”;prove意為“證明,證實”;de
    fine意為“下定義”;claim意為“認(rèn)領(lǐng);索取”。
    
    22. C) 「句意」郵資是根據(jù)所郵包裹的等級和
    重量來定的。
    「難點」fee意為“費(如會費,入場費,手續(xù)費等)”;tax意為“稅,稅
    款“;payment意為”支付,付款“;premium意為”津貼;酬金“。
    
    23. B) 「句意」我父親耳聾得厲害,不得不使
    用助聽器。
    「難點」aid意為“輔助器具”;help意為“幫助”;support意為“支持”;tool意為“工具”。
    
    24. A) 「句意」新年除夕,人民廣場將舉行焰
    火表演。
    「難點」display意為“展示性表演”;performance意為“文藝演出;表演”;show意為“
    展覽;展覽會“;exhibition也是”展覽會“,屬銷售性質(zhì)。
    25. A) 「句意」在新西蘭,啤酒和白酒的消費
    量很大。
    「難點」consumption意為“消費量”;use意為“使用,用途”;drink意
    為“飲料”;absorption意為“吸收”。