經(jīng)貿(mào)管理英文詞匯
（M0）money in circulation 流通中的現(xiàn)金
（M1） narrow money 狹義貨幣
（M2） broad money 廣義貨幣
a minimum living standard system 低生活保障系統(tǒng)
Account 帳戶
Accounting equation 會計等式
Accounting system 會計系統(tǒng)
All Risks 一切險
American Accounting Association 美國會計協(xié)會
American Institute of CPAs 美國注冊會計師協(xié)會
Articulation 勾稽關(guān)系
Assets 資產(chǎn)
Audit 審計
bad account 壞帳
Balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed 空白背書
Bookkeepking 簿記
bull market 牛市
Business entity 企業(yè)個體
Capital stock 股本
cargo receipt 承運(yùn)貨物收據(jù)
Cash flow prospects 現(xiàn)金流量預(yù)測
catalogue 商品目錄
Certificate in Internal Auditing內(nèi)部審計證書
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理會計證書
Certificate Public Accountant 注冊會計師
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中國證監(jiān)會
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中國四大商業(yè)銀行
close-ended fund 封閉式基金
commission 傭金
consignee 收貨人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本會計
cost and freightCFR 成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加運(yùn)保費(fèi)
Cost principle 成本原則
Creditor 債權(quán)人
cut a melon 分紅
dead account 呆帳
Deflation 通貨緊縮
delivery 交貨
Disclosure 批露
dividend，bonus stock 股息，紅利
downturn 低迷時期
endorsed 背書
enforce stockholding system 實(shí)行股份制
Expenses 費(fèi)用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安險
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋險
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 費(fèi)改稅
Financial accounting 財務(wù)會計
Financial Accounting Standards Board 財務(wù)會計準(zhǔn)則委員會
Financial activities 籌資活動
Financial forecast 財務(wù)預(yù)測
Financial statement 財務(wù)報表
foreign exchange reservers 外匯儲備
futures market 期貨市場
Generally accepted accounting principles 公認(rèn)會計原則
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良產(chǎn)品
Going-concern assumption 持續(xù)經(jīng)營假設(shè)
Government Accounting Office govern會計辦公室
Hook Damage 鉤損險
import department 進(jìn)口部
Income statement 損益表
income tax 所得稅
indicative price 參考價格
Inflation 通貨膨漲
Inquiry 詢盤
Institute of Internal Auditors 內(nèi)部審計師協(xié)會
Institute of Management Accountants管理會計師協(xié)會
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing 內(nèi)部審計
Internal control structure 內(nèi)部控制結(jié)構(gòu)
Internal Revenue Service 國內(nèi)收入署
Internal users 內(nèi)部使用者
Investing activities 投資活動
knowledge-based economy 知識經(jīng)濟(jì)
labour-intensive economy 勞動密集型經(jīng)濟(jì)
Liabilities 負(fù)債
Management accounting 管理會計
marine bills of lading 海運(yùn)提單
national bonds 國債
nationalize；nationalization 國有化
Negative cash flow 負(fù)現(xiàn)金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良貸款
non-work income 非勞動收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 開放式基金
Operating activities 經(jīng)營活動
order 訂貨
outstanding of deposits 存款余額
Owner's equity 所有者權(quán)益
partial shipment 分批裝運(yùn)
Partnership 合伙企業(yè)
Positive cash flow 正現(xiàn)金流量
press conference 記者招待會
price list 價目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal measures 積極的財政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企業(yè)自主權(quán)
public relations department公關(guān)部
publicly owned economy 公有經(jīng)濟(jì)
recession 衰退時期
rectify the market order 整頓市場秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 國有股減持
restraint of trade 貿(mào)易管制
Retained earning 留存利潤
Return of investment 投資回報
Return on investment 投資報酬
Revenue 收入
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混雜、玷污險
Risk of Leakage 滲漏險
Risk of odor 串味險
Risk of Rust 銹蝕險
sales terms and conditions銷售條件
Securities and Exchange Commission 證券交易委員會
shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping order 托運(yùn)單
Shortage Risk 短缺險
Sole proprietorship 獨(dú)資企業(yè)
Solvency 清償能力
specification 規(guī)格
Stable-dollar assumption 穩(wěn)定貨幣假設(shè)
state stock reduction 國有股減持
Statement of cash flow 現(xiàn)金流量表
Statement of financial position 財務(wù)狀況表
steady monetary policies 穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策
Stockholders 股東
Stockholders' equity 股東權(quán)益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加強(qiáng)govern宏觀調(diào)控作用
Strikes Risk 罷工險
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷竊提貨不著險
Tax accounting 稅務(wù)會計
technology-intensive economy 技術(shù)密集型經(jīng)濟(jì)
the Dow Jones industrial average 道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)
the first majority shareholder 第一大股東
the Hang Seng index 恒生指數(shù)
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需
value-added tax 增值稅
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水漬險
War Risk 戰(zhàn)爭險
Window dressing 門面粉飾
year-on-year 與去年同期數(shù)字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多頭市場
bear market :熊市， 空頭市場
股息，紅利 dividend or bonus stock
國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均國民生產(chǎn)總值 per capita GNP
產(chǎn)值 output value
鼓勵 give incentive to
投入 input
宏觀控制 exercise macro-control
優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu) optimize the economic structure
輸入活力 bring vigor into
改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境 improve economic environment
整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通貨膨脹 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors
主要成分 dominant sector
實(shí)在的 tangible
全體會議 plenary session
解放生產(chǎn)力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
舉措 move
實(shí)事求是 seek truth from facts
引進(jìn)、輸入 importation
和平演變 peaceful evolution
試一下 have a go (at sth.)
精華、精粹、實(shí)質(zhì) quintessence
家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企業(yè) invigorate enterprises
商品經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail
發(fā)電量 electric energy production
有色金屬 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使負(fù)擔(dān) be saddled with
營業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的公司 going concerns
被兼并或擠掉 annexed or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增額、增值、增長 increment
發(fā)展過快 excessive growth
抽樣調(diào)查 data from the sample survey
扣除物價上漲部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
實(shí)際增長率 actual growth rate
國際收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
總工資 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
風(fēng)險資金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一個中心、兩個基本點(diǎn)one central task and two basic points
以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則（1）社會主義道路（2）黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義\*\*\*思想、堅(jiān)持改革開放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社會主義制度的自我完善和自我發(fā)展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我們辨別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看這樣做是否有利于發(fā)展社會主義的生產(chǎn)力，是否有利于增強(qiáng)社會主義國家的綜合國力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社會主義的終目標(biāo)是解放生產(chǎn)力，消滅剝削，消除貧富兩極分化，終達(dá)到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人們警惕右和"左"的影響，特別是"左"的根深蒂固的影響。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中國要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
資本主義和社會主義并不是以計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場的多少來劃分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
隨著改革的深化，國家指令性計劃的范圍將會縮小，而市場調(diào)節(jié)的范圍將會擴(kuò)大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社會主義計劃商品經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各盡所能，按勞/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余勞動力。
surplus labor
經(jīng)營機(jī)制
operative mechanism
發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
經(jīng)濟(jì)和law的杠桿
economic and legal leverages
經(jīng)濟(jì)計劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機(jī)制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消國家對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到城市
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
國家的根本任務(wù)是，集中力量進(jìn)行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國防和科學(xué)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代化，把我國建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)、民主、文明的社會主義國家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社會主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的基礎(chǔ)是生產(chǎn)資料的社會主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動群眾集體所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
國有經(jīng)濟(jì)，即社會主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的主導(dǎo)力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
國家保障國有經(jīng)濟(jì)的鞏固和發(fā)展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
農(nóng)業(yè) farming
林業(yè) forestry
畜牧業(yè) animal husbandry
副業(yè) sideline production
漁業(yè) fishing
第一產(chǎn)業(yè) primary industry
第二產(chǎn)業(yè) secondary industry
第三產(chǎn)業(yè) tertiary industry
生產(chǎn)資料 means of production
生活資料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 relations of production
生產(chǎn)力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社會主義集體所有制 socialist collective ownership
厲行節(jié)約，反對浪費(fèi) to practice strict economy and combat waste
外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise
合資企業(yè) joint venture
合作企業(yè) cooperative enterprise
獨(dú)資企業(yè) wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界貿(mào)易組織 World Trade Organization
中國人民銀行 People's Bank of China
信息產(chǎn)業(yè)部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
國家發(fā)展計劃委員會 State Development Planning Commission
貸款無力償還 loan defaults
船務(wù)公司 shipping service company
非商標(biāo)(非專利)產(chǎn)品 generic products
穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策 prudent monetary policy
超前消費(fèi) deficit spending
(到銀行)擠兌 run on banks
對農(nóng)業(yè)的國內(nèi)支持 domestic support to agriculture
特種債券 special bonds
富裕經(jīng)濟(jì) economy of abundance
年復(fù)合增長率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
動物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
轉(zhuǎn)基因組織 GMO (genetically modified organism)
視頻點(diǎn)播 VOD (video-on-demand)
音頻點(diǎn)播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
市場準(zhǔn)人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access
亞太工商咨詢理事會 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council
亞太商業(yè)論壇 ABF：APEC Business Forum
亞太通訊與數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng) ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
亞太中小企業(yè)技術(shù)交流與培訓(xùn)中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亞洲開發(fā)銀行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū) AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
亞太經(jīng)合組織部長級會議 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
澳新緊密經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系協(xié)定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亞太商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò) APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亞太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亞太信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亞太實(shí)驗(yàn)室認(rèn)可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亞太法定計量論壇 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亞太計量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
東南亞國家聯(lián)盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
亞歐會議 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
中央處理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及率 Internet Penetration
網(wǎng)民 Cyber Citizen
網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪 Cyber Crime
網(wǎng)絡(luò)城市, 虛擬城市 Cyber City
數(shù)字鴻溝 Digital Divide
智能學(xué)校 Smart Schools
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
軟件開發(fā) Software Development
內(nèi)容開發(fā) Content Development
數(shù)字化商業(yè) Digital Business
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
軟件包 Software Packages
申請注冊域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
虛擬空間 Virtual Space
局域網(wǎng) Intranet
腦圖 Mind Map
便攜式電腦 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
個人數(shù)字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
掌上電腦 Palm Computer
路由器 Router
網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員 Network Administrator
網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì) Cyber Economy
以太網(wǎng) Ethernet
服務(wù)提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
網(wǎng)絡(luò)計算機(jī) NC: Network Computer
多媒體個人電腦 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
多媒體擴(kuò)展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
視頻圖形陣列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
三維攝影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) VR：Virtual Reality
原始設(shè)備制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
樂器數(shù)字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface
運(yùn)動圖像專家組 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
域名 Domain Name
撥號連接 Dial-up Connection
海關(guān)類
Customs Bond 海關(guān)擔(dān)保
Surety Company 擔(dān)保公司
Principle 本人
Carrier 承運(yùn)人
Attorney 代理人/委托人
Freight Forwarder 貨運(yùn)代理
Jointly and Severally Liable For 負(fù)連帶責(zé)任
Liquidated Damages 違約賠償金
Solvency 償付能力
Security 抵押品/保證金
Power of Attorney 委托書
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申報
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美國聯(lián)邦政府行政法規(guī)匯編
Bill of Lading 提單
Condemned Goods 有問題的貨物
Customs Liquidation 清關(guān)
Customs Clearance 結(jié)關(guān)
Court Costs 訴訟費(fèi)用
Disposition of Merchandise 貨物處置
債轉(zhuǎn)股 debt-to-equity swap
港元的聯(lián)系匯率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
壞帳、呆帳、死帳 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
反傾銷措施 anti-dumping measures against ……
通貨緊縮 deflation
通貨膨脹 inflation
非配額產(chǎn)品 quota-free products
非生產(chǎn)性投資 investment in non-productive projects
風(fēng)險管理/評估 risk management/ assessment
風(fēng)險基金 venture capital
風(fēng)險準(zhǔn)備金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
搞活國有大中型企業(yè) revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) scale economy/ economies of scale
國合企業(yè)（即國有合作社） state-owned cooperatives
國際收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
國際收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
國家補(bǔ)貼 public subsidies
國家現(xiàn)匯結(jié)存 state foreign exchange reserves
合理引導(dǎo)消費(fèi) guide rational consumption
季節(jié)性調(diào)價 seasonal price adjustments
既成事實(shí) established/accomplished facts
技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè) scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
勞動密集性企業(yè) labor-intensive enterprises
亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費(fèi) unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
千年問題、千年蟲 millennium bug
企業(yè)技術(shù)改造 technological updating of enterprises
企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
實(shí)行國民待遇 grant the national treatment to
平等互利、講求實(shí)效、形式多樣、共同發(fā)展的方針 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
瓶頸制約 “bottleneck”restrictions
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
放松銀根 ease monetary policy
流動人口 floating population
企業(yè)的自我約束機(jī)制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
貪圖安逸 crave comfort and pleasure
消費(fèi)膨脹 inflated consumption
信息化 informationize
無氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
無紙交易 paperless transaction
適銷對路的產(chǎn)品 readily marketable products
倒?fàn)敗?profiteer
機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫 overstaffing in (government) organizations
機(jī)構(gòu)重疊 organizational overlapping
利改稅 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
經(jīng)常性的財政收入 regular revenues
慢性蕭條 chronic depression
雙重軌制 two-tier system / double-track system
就業(yè)前培訓(xùn) pre-job training
崗位培訓(xùn) on-the-job training
對外項(xiàng)目承包 foreign project contracting
勞務(wù)合作 labor service cooperation
外援方式 modality of foreign aid
自1999年1月1日起實(shí)行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
所有制形式 forms of ownership
以試點(diǎn)的形式實(shí)行外貿(mào)權(quán)自動登記制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
風(fēng)險管理/評估 risk management/ assessment
國家鼓勵項(xiàng)目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
<<中華人民共和國保護(hù)臺灣同胞投資實(shí)施條例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
部長級會議 ministerial meeting
公正合理 equitable and rational
搶得先機(jī) take the preemptive opportunities
減免債務(wù) reduce and cancel debts
工程項(xiàng)目 engineering project
同步增長 increase in the same pace
擺脫亞洲金融危機(jī)的影響 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
走上良性發(fā)展的軌道 going on the track of sound progress
工業(yè)增加值 industrial added value
固定資產(chǎn)投資 investment in the fixed assets
建材 building materials
累計實(shí)現(xiàn)順差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
注入新的生機(jī)與活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
配件 accessories
備件 spare parts
進(jìn)口環(huán)節(jié)稅 import linkage tax
營業(yè)稅 turnover tax
企業(yè)所得稅 corporate income tax
抵免 offset
省會 provincial capital
直轄市 municipality directly under the central government
龍頭產(chǎn)品 flagship product
現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度 modern corporate system
實(shí)行股份制 enforce stockholding system
控股公司 holding company
自主經(jīng)營,自負(fù)盈虧 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
在鞏固公有制主體地位的同時,促進(jìn)多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
形成統(tǒng)一、開放和競爭有序的市場 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
國家科技創(chuàng)新體系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
幫助人才脫穎而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
清理、修訂 screen and modify
水利 water conservation
轉(zhuǎn)化經(jīng)營機(jī)制 change the method of operation
中介服務(wù)組織 intermediary service organization
軍民兩用品出口 dual purpose exports
軍民兩用產(chǎn)品和技術(shù) dual-use goods and technology
北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū) NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
全球配額 global quota
祖父條款 grandfather clause
動物源食品 Animal-derived food
部門提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
貿(mào)易和投資自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
國際清算 international settlement
商住和公益設(shè)施建設(shè) commercial, residential and public utility construction
廣開就業(yè)門路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
自由浮動匯率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
資本項(xiàng)目 capital account
經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目 current account
求同存異 overcome differences and seek common ground
防偽標(biāo)志 anti-fake label
出口創(chuàng)匯型產(chǎn)業(yè) export-oriented industry
盤活存量資產(chǎn) revitalize stock assets
竟價投標(biāo) competitive bidding
協(xié)議投標(biāo) negotiated bidding
橫向兼并 horizontal merger
垂直兼并 vertical merger
垃圾融資 junk financing
貨幣市場 money market
申報制度 reporting system; income declaration system
初談判權(quán)(初談權(quán)) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
(紡織品與服裝、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)一體化進(jìn)程 Integration process
國際獸疫組織 International Office of Epizootics
知識產(chǎn)權(quán) IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
國際紡織品服裝局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
產(chǎn)品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
不發(fā)達(dá)國家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
許可費(fèi) License fee
同類產(chǎn)品 Like product
當(dāng)?shù)睾?Local content
市場準(zhǔn)入 Market access
專門的營銷機(jī)構(gòu) Market boards
實(shí)質(zhì)損害 Material injury
模式 Modalities
配額調(diào)整條款 modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利爾議定書》(有關(guān)保護(hù)大氣臭氧層的多邊環(huán)境協(xié)定) Montreal Protocol
(農(nóng)業(yè))多功能性 Multifunctionality
(服務(wù)貿(mào)易)自然人 National Person
國民待遇 National treatment
新議題 New issues
通知義務(wù) Notification obligation
(利益的)喪失和減損 Nullification and impairment
有秩序的市場安排 Orderly market arrangements
(爭端解決)專家組 Panel
《巴黎公約》(關(guān)于保護(hù)工業(yè)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的公約) Paris Convention
(《農(nóng)業(yè)協(xié)議》中關(guān)于反補(bǔ)貼的)和平條款 Peace clause
諸邊協(xié)議 Plurilateral agreement
(服務(wù)貿(mào)易)自然人流動 Presence of natural person
生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼 Production subsidy
關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
世界貿(mào)易組織 WTO (World Trade Organization)
烏拉圭回合 Uruguay Round
惠國貿(mào)易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
爭端解決機(jī)構(gòu) Dispute Settlement Body
《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則與程序的諒解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
動植物衛(wèi)生檢疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品）綜合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
(《農(nóng)產(chǎn)品協(xié)議》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
《紡織品與服裝協(xié)議》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
《服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
《信息技術(shù)協(xié)議》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
《多種纖維協(xié)定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
《北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū) ASEAN Free Trade Area
東部和南部非洲共同市場 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
南方共同市場（或稱南錐體共同市場） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
南亞區(qū)域合作聯(lián)盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
貿(mào)易與發(fā)展委員會 Committee on Trade and Development
貿(mào)易與環(huán)境委員會 Committee on Trade and Environment
歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
國際貿(mào)易中心 ITC (International Trade Center)
國際貿(mào)易組織 ITO (International Trade Organization)
國際貿(mào)易組織臨時委員會 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
國際勞工組織 ILO (International Labor Organization)
國際貨幣基金組織 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
聯(lián)合國環(huán)境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
世界海關(guān)組織 WCO (World Customs Organization)
世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
非洲、加勒比和太平洋國家集團(tuán)（洛美協(xié)定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
（補(bǔ)貼協(xié)議）可訴補(bǔ)貼 Actionable subsidy
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）"黃箱"措施 Amber Box measures
(解決爭端)上訴 Appeal
上訴機(jī)構(gòu) Appeal body
《巴塞爾公約》（有關(guān)危險廢棄物的多邊環(huán)境協(xié)定） Basel Convention
《伯爾尼公約》（有關(guān)保護(hù)文學(xué)和藝術(shù)作品版權(quán)的公約） Berne Convention
基礎(chǔ)稅率 Base tariff level
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）藍(lán)箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
國際收支條款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
既定日程 Built-in agenda
約束水平 Bound level
食品法典委員會 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
（歐盟）共同農(nóng)業(yè)政策 Common Agriculture Policy
《生物多樣性公約》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
規(guī)避 Circumvention
《瀕危物種國際貿(mào)易公約》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）商業(yè)存在 Commercial presence
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）境外消費(fèi) Consumption abroad
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）跨境交付 Cross border supply
(解決爭端)申訴方 Complaint
(解決爭端)被訴方 Defendant
反補(bǔ)貼稅 Countervailing duty
反向通知 Counter-notification
交叉報復(fù) Cross retaliation
貨幣貿(mào)易理事會 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
貨幣留成制度 Currency retention scheme
海關(guān)完稅價值 Customs value
海關(guān)估價 Customs valuation
直接支付 Direct payment
國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè) Domestic industry
國內(nèi)生產(chǎn) Domestic production
國內(nèi)補(bǔ)貼 Domestic subsidy
(農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)國內(nèi)支持 Domestic support
電子商務(wù) Electronic Commerce
環(huán)保型技術(shù) EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
采取措施前 Ex ante
采取措施后 Ex post
出口實(shí)績 Export performance
出口補(bǔ)貼 Export subsidy
（解決爭端）調(diào)查結(jié)果 Findings
糧食安全 Food security
免費(fèi)搭車者(享受其他國家惠國待遇而不進(jìn)行相應(yīng)減讓的國家) Free-rider
（知識產(chǎn)權(quán)）地理標(biāo)識 Geographical indications
轉(zhuǎn)基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
政府采購 Government procurement
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）綠箱措施 Green Box measures
灰色區(qū)域措施 Grey area measures
拉美國家在WTO中的非正式集團(tuán) GRULAC
WTO不發(fā)達(dá)國家高級別會議 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
協(xié)調(diào)制度（商品名稱及編碼協(xié)調(diào)制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
《里斯本條約》（有關(guān)地理標(biāo)識及其國際注冊） Lisbon Agreement
國際勞工組織 ILO (International Labor Organization)
國際貨幣基金組織 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
進(jìn)口押金 Import deposits
進(jìn)口許可 Import licensing
進(jìn)口滲透 Import penetration
進(jìn)口替代 Import substitution
進(jìn)口附加稅 Import surcharge
進(jìn)口差價稅 Import variable duties
項(xiàng)目管理 Project Management
質(zhì)量保證 Quality Assurance
質(zhì)量管理quality control
質(zhì)量目標(biāo)quality objective
管理措施management measure
first class quality 一流的質(zhì)量
first class service 一流的服務(wù)
有計劃designed
有秩序orderly
程序化的 programmed
規(guī)定 stipulation
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)Leading organ
項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部Project Manager
自檢項(xiàng)目self-inspection
職能部門functional department
質(zhì)量否決權(quán)veto on quality
施工方案Construction Plan
（M0）money in circulation 流通中的現(xiàn)金
（M1） narrow money 狹義貨幣
（M2） broad money 廣義貨幣
a minimum living standard system 低生活保障系統(tǒng)
Account 帳戶
Accounting equation 會計等式
Accounting system 會計系統(tǒng)
All Risks 一切險
American Accounting Association 美國會計協(xié)會
American Institute of CPAs 美國注冊會計師協(xié)會
Articulation 勾稽關(guān)系
Assets 資產(chǎn)
Audit 審計
bad account 壞帳
Balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed 空白背書
Bookkeepking 簿記
bull market 牛市
Business entity 企業(yè)個體
Capital stock 股本
cargo receipt 承運(yùn)貨物收據(jù)
Cash flow prospects 現(xiàn)金流量預(yù)測
catalogue 商品目錄
Certificate in Internal Auditing內(nèi)部審計證書
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理會計證書
Certificate Public Accountant 注冊會計師
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中國證監(jiān)會
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中國四大商業(yè)銀行
close-ended fund 封閉式基金
commission 傭金
consignee 收貨人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本會計
cost and freightCFR 成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加運(yùn)保費(fèi)
Cost principle 成本原則
Creditor 債權(quán)人
cut a melon 分紅
dead account 呆帳
Deflation 通貨緊縮
delivery 交貨
Disclosure 批露
dividend，bonus stock 股息，紅利
downturn 低迷時期
endorsed 背書
enforce stockholding system 實(shí)行股份制
Expenses 費(fèi)用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安險
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋險
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 費(fèi)改稅
Financial accounting 財務(wù)會計
Financial Accounting Standards Board 財務(wù)會計準(zhǔn)則委員會
Financial activities 籌資活動
Financial forecast 財務(wù)預(yù)測
Financial statement 財務(wù)報表
foreign exchange reservers 外匯儲備
futures market 期貨市場
Generally accepted accounting principles 公認(rèn)會計原則
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良產(chǎn)品
Going-concern assumption 持續(xù)經(jīng)營假設(shè)
Government Accounting Office govern會計辦公室
Hook Damage 鉤損險
import department 進(jìn)口部
Income statement 損益表
income tax 所得稅
indicative price 參考價格
Inflation 通貨膨漲
Inquiry 詢盤
Institute of Internal Auditors 內(nèi)部審計師協(xié)會
Institute of Management Accountants管理會計師協(xié)會
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing 內(nèi)部審計
Internal control structure 內(nèi)部控制結(jié)構(gòu)
Internal Revenue Service 國內(nèi)收入署
Internal users 內(nèi)部使用者
Investing activities 投資活動
knowledge-based economy 知識經(jīng)濟(jì)
labour-intensive economy 勞動密集型經(jīng)濟(jì)
Liabilities 負(fù)債
Management accounting 管理會計
marine bills of lading 海運(yùn)提單
national bonds 國債
nationalize；nationalization 國有化
Negative cash flow 負(fù)現(xiàn)金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良貸款
non-work income 非勞動收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 開放式基金
Operating activities 經(jīng)營活動
order 訂貨
outstanding of deposits 存款余額
Owner's equity 所有者權(quán)益
partial shipment 分批裝運(yùn)
Partnership 合伙企業(yè)
Positive cash flow 正現(xiàn)金流量
press conference 記者招待會
price list 價目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal measures 積極的財政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企業(yè)自主權(quán)
public relations department公關(guān)部
publicly owned economy 公有經(jīng)濟(jì)
recession 衰退時期
rectify the market order 整頓市場秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 國有股減持
restraint of trade 貿(mào)易管制
Retained earning 留存利潤
Return of investment 投資回報
Return on investment 投資報酬
Revenue 收入
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混雜、玷污險
Risk of Leakage 滲漏險
Risk of odor 串味險
Risk of Rust 銹蝕險
sales terms and conditions銷售條件
Securities and Exchange Commission 證券交易委員會
shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping order 托運(yùn)單
Shortage Risk 短缺險
Sole proprietorship 獨(dú)資企業(yè)
Solvency 清償能力
specification 規(guī)格
Stable-dollar assumption 穩(wěn)定貨幣假設(shè)
state stock reduction 國有股減持
Statement of cash flow 現(xiàn)金流量表
Statement of financial position 財務(wù)狀況表
steady monetary policies 穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策
Stockholders 股東
Stockholders' equity 股東權(quán)益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加強(qiáng)govern宏觀調(diào)控作用
Strikes Risk 罷工險
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷竊提貨不著險
Tax accounting 稅務(wù)會計
technology-intensive economy 技術(shù)密集型經(jīng)濟(jì)
the Dow Jones industrial average 道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)
the first majority shareholder 第一大股東
the Hang Seng index 恒生指數(shù)
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需
value-added tax 增值稅
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水漬險
War Risk 戰(zhàn)爭險
Window dressing 門面粉飾
year-on-year 與去年同期數(shù)字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多頭市場
bear market :熊市， 空頭市場
股息，紅利 dividend or bonus stock
國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均國民生產(chǎn)總值 per capita GNP
產(chǎn)值 output value
鼓勵 give incentive to
投入 input
宏觀控制 exercise macro-control
優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu) optimize the economic structure
輸入活力 bring vigor into
改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境 improve economic environment
整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通貨膨脹 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors
主要成分 dominant sector
實(shí)在的 tangible
全體會議 plenary session
解放生產(chǎn)力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
舉措 move
實(shí)事求是 seek truth from facts
引進(jìn)、輸入 importation
和平演變 peaceful evolution
試一下 have a go (at sth.)
精華、精粹、實(shí)質(zhì) quintessence
家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企業(yè) invigorate enterprises
商品經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail
發(fā)電量 electric energy production
有色金屬 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使負(fù)擔(dān) be saddled with
營業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的公司 going concerns
被兼并或擠掉 annexed or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增額、增值、增長 increment
發(fā)展過快 excessive growth
抽樣調(diào)查 data from the sample survey
扣除物價上漲部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
實(shí)際增長率 actual growth rate
國際收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
總工資 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
風(fēng)險資金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一個中心、兩個基本點(diǎn)one central task and two basic points
以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則（1）社會主義道路（2）黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義\*\*\*思想、堅(jiān)持改革開放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社會主義制度的自我完善和自我發(fā)展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我們辨別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看這樣做是否有利于發(fā)展社會主義的生產(chǎn)力，是否有利于增強(qiáng)社會主義國家的綜合國力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社會主義的終目標(biāo)是解放生產(chǎn)力，消滅剝削，消除貧富兩極分化，終達(dá)到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人們警惕右和"左"的影響，特別是"左"的根深蒂固的影響。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中國要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
資本主義和社會主義并不是以計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場的多少來劃分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
隨著改革的深化，國家指令性計劃的范圍將會縮小，而市場調(diào)節(jié)的范圍將會擴(kuò)大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社會主義計劃商品經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各盡所能，按勞/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余勞動力。
surplus labor
經(jīng)營機(jī)制
operative mechanism
發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
經(jīng)濟(jì)和law的杠桿
economic and legal leverages
經(jīng)濟(jì)計劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機(jī)制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消國家對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到城市
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
國家的根本任務(wù)是，集中力量進(jìn)行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國防和科學(xué)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代化，把我國建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)、民主、文明的社會主義國家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社會主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的基礎(chǔ)是生產(chǎn)資料的社會主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動群眾集體所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
國有經(jīng)濟(jì)，即社會主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的主導(dǎo)力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
國家保障國有經(jīng)濟(jì)的鞏固和發(fā)展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
農(nóng)業(yè) farming
林業(yè) forestry
畜牧業(yè) animal husbandry
副業(yè) sideline production
漁業(yè) fishing
第一產(chǎn)業(yè) primary industry
第二產(chǎn)業(yè) secondary industry
第三產(chǎn)業(yè) tertiary industry
生產(chǎn)資料 means of production
生活資料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 relations of production
生產(chǎn)力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社會主義集體所有制 socialist collective ownership
厲行節(jié)約，反對浪費(fèi) to practice strict economy and combat waste
外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise
合資企業(yè) joint venture
合作企業(yè) cooperative enterprise
獨(dú)資企業(yè) wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界貿(mào)易組織 World Trade Organization
中國人民銀行 People's Bank of China
信息產(chǎn)業(yè)部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
國家發(fā)展計劃委員會 State Development Planning Commission
貸款無力償還 loan defaults
船務(wù)公司 shipping service company
非商標(biāo)(非專利)產(chǎn)品 generic products
穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策 prudent monetary policy
超前消費(fèi) deficit spending
(到銀行)擠兌 run on banks
對農(nóng)業(yè)的國內(nèi)支持 domestic support to agriculture
特種債券 special bonds
富裕經(jīng)濟(jì) economy of abundance
年復(fù)合增長率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
動物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
轉(zhuǎn)基因組織 GMO (genetically modified organism)
視頻點(diǎn)播 VOD (video-on-demand)
音頻點(diǎn)播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
市場準(zhǔn)人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access
亞太工商咨詢理事會 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council
亞太商業(yè)論壇 ABF：APEC Business Forum
亞太通訊與數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng) ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
亞太中小企業(yè)技術(shù)交流與培訓(xùn)中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亞洲開發(fā)銀行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū) AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
亞太經(jīng)合組織部長級會議 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
澳新緊密經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系協(xié)定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亞太商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò) APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亞太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亞太信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亞太實(shí)驗(yàn)室認(rèn)可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亞太法定計量論壇 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亞太計量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
東南亞國家聯(lián)盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
亞歐會議 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
中央處理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及率 Internet Penetration
網(wǎng)民 Cyber Citizen
網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪 Cyber Crime
網(wǎng)絡(luò)城市, 虛擬城市 Cyber City
數(shù)字鴻溝 Digital Divide
智能學(xué)校 Smart Schools
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
軟件開發(fā) Software Development
內(nèi)容開發(fā) Content Development
數(shù)字化商業(yè) Digital Business
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
軟件包 Software Packages
申請注冊域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
虛擬空間 Virtual Space
局域網(wǎng) Intranet
腦圖 Mind Map
便攜式電腦 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
個人數(shù)字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
掌上電腦 Palm Computer
路由器 Router
網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員 Network Administrator
網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì) Cyber Economy
以太網(wǎng) Ethernet
服務(wù)提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
網(wǎng)絡(luò)計算機(jī) NC: Network Computer
多媒體個人電腦 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
多媒體擴(kuò)展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
視頻圖形陣列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
三維攝影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) VR：Virtual Reality
原始設(shè)備制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
樂器數(shù)字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface
運(yùn)動圖像專家組 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
域名 Domain Name
撥號連接 Dial-up Connection
海關(guān)類
Customs Bond 海關(guān)擔(dān)保
Surety Company 擔(dān)保公司
Principle 本人
Carrier 承運(yùn)人
Attorney 代理人/委托人
Freight Forwarder 貨運(yùn)代理
Jointly and Severally Liable For 負(fù)連帶責(zé)任
Liquidated Damages 違約賠償金
Solvency 償付能力
Security 抵押品/保證金
Power of Attorney 委托書
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申報
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美國聯(lián)邦政府行政法規(guī)匯編
Bill of Lading 提單
Condemned Goods 有問題的貨物
Customs Liquidation 清關(guān)
Customs Clearance 結(jié)關(guān)
Court Costs 訴訟費(fèi)用
Disposition of Merchandise 貨物處置
債轉(zhuǎn)股 debt-to-equity swap
港元的聯(lián)系匯率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
壞帳、呆帳、死帳 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
反傾銷措施 anti-dumping measures against ……
通貨緊縮 deflation
通貨膨脹 inflation
非配額產(chǎn)品 quota-free products
非生產(chǎn)性投資 investment in non-productive projects
風(fēng)險管理/評估 risk management/ assessment
風(fēng)險基金 venture capital
風(fēng)險準(zhǔn)備金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
搞活國有大中型企業(yè) revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) scale economy/ economies of scale
國合企業(yè)（即國有合作社） state-owned cooperatives
國際收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
國際收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
國家補(bǔ)貼 public subsidies
國家現(xiàn)匯結(jié)存 state foreign exchange reserves
合理引導(dǎo)消費(fèi) guide rational consumption
季節(jié)性調(diào)價 seasonal price adjustments
既成事實(shí) established/accomplished facts
技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè) scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
勞動密集性企業(yè) labor-intensive enterprises
亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費(fèi) unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
千年問題、千年蟲 millennium bug
企業(yè)技術(shù)改造 technological updating of enterprises
企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
實(shí)行國民待遇 grant the national treatment to
平等互利、講求實(shí)效、形式多樣、共同發(fā)展的方針 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
瓶頸制約 “bottleneck”restrictions
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
放松銀根 ease monetary policy
流動人口 floating population
企業(yè)的自我約束機(jī)制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
貪圖安逸 crave comfort and pleasure
消費(fèi)膨脹 inflated consumption
信息化 informationize
無氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
無紙交易 paperless transaction
適銷對路的產(chǎn)品 readily marketable products
倒?fàn)敗?profiteer
機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫 overstaffing in (government) organizations
機(jī)構(gòu)重疊 organizational overlapping
利改稅 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
經(jīng)常性的財政收入 regular revenues
慢性蕭條 chronic depression
雙重軌制 two-tier system / double-track system
就業(yè)前培訓(xùn) pre-job training
崗位培訓(xùn) on-the-job training
對外項(xiàng)目承包 foreign project contracting
勞務(wù)合作 labor service cooperation
外援方式 modality of foreign aid
自1999年1月1日起實(shí)行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
所有制形式 forms of ownership
以試點(diǎn)的形式實(shí)行外貿(mào)權(quán)自動登記制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
風(fēng)險管理/評估 risk management/ assessment
國家鼓勵項(xiàng)目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
<<中華人民共和國保護(hù)臺灣同胞投資實(shí)施條例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
部長級會議 ministerial meeting
公正合理 equitable and rational
搶得先機(jī) take the preemptive opportunities
減免債務(wù) reduce and cancel debts
工程項(xiàng)目 engineering project
同步增長 increase in the same pace
擺脫亞洲金融危機(jī)的影響 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
走上良性發(fā)展的軌道 going on the track of sound progress
工業(yè)增加值 industrial added value
固定資產(chǎn)投資 investment in the fixed assets
建材 building materials
累計實(shí)現(xiàn)順差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
注入新的生機(jī)與活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
配件 accessories
備件 spare parts
進(jìn)口環(huán)節(jié)稅 import linkage tax
營業(yè)稅 turnover tax
企業(yè)所得稅 corporate income tax
抵免 offset
省會 provincial capital
直轄市 municipality directly under the central government
龍頭產(chǎn)品 flagship product
現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度 modern corporate system
實(shí)行股份制 enforce stockholding system
控股公司 holding company
自主經(jīng)營,自負(fù)盈虧 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
在鞏固公有制主體地位的同時,促進(jìn)多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
形成統(tǒng)一、開放和競爭有序的市場 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
國家科技創(chuàng)新體系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
幫助人才脫穎而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
清理、修訂 screen and modify
水利 water conservation
轉(zhuǎn)化經(jīng)營機(jī)制 change the method of operation
中介服務(wù)組織 intermediary service organization
軍民兩用品出口 dual purpose exports
軍民兩用產(chǎn)品和技術(shù) dual-use goods and technology
北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū) NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
全球配額 global quota
祖父條款 grandfather clause
動物源食品 Animal-derived food
部門提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
貿(mào)易和投資自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
國際清算 international settlement
商住和公益設(shè)施建設(shè) commercial, residential and public utility construction
廣開就業(yè)門路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
自由浮動匯率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
資本項(xiàng)目 capital account
經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目 current account
求同存異 overcome differences and seek common ground
防偽標(biāo)志 anti-fake label
出口創(chuàng)匯型產(chǎn)業(yè) export-oriented industry
盤活存量資產(chǎn) revitalize stock assets
竟價投標(biāo) competitive bidding
協(xié)議投標(biāo) negotiated bidding
橫向兼并 horizontal merger
垂直兼并 vertical merger
垃圾融資 junk financing
貨幣市場 money market
申報制度 reporting system; income declaration system
初談判權(quán)(初談權(quán)) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
(紡織品與服裝、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)一體化進(jìn)程 Integration process
國際獸疫組織 International Office of Epizootics
知識產(chǎn)權(quán) IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
國際紡織品服裝局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
產(chǎn)品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
不發(fā)達(dá)國家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
許可費(fèi) License fee
同類產(chǎn)品 Like product
當(dāng)?shù)睾?Local content
市場準(zhǔn)入 Market access
專門的營銷機(jī)構(gòu) Market boards
實(shí)質(zhì)損害 Material injury
模式 Modalities
配額調(diào)整條款 modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利爾議定書》(有關(guān)保護(hù)大氣臭氧層的多邊環(huán)境協(xié)定) Montreal Protocol
(農(nóng)業(yè))多功能性 Multifunctionality
(服務(wù)貿(mào)易)自然人 National Person
國民待遇 National treatment
新議題 New issues
通知義務(wù) Notification obligation
(利益的)喪失和減損 Nullification and impairment
有秩序的市場安排 Orderly market arrangements
(爭端解決)專家組 Panel
《巴黎公約》(關(guān)于保護(hù)工業(yè)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的公約) Paris Convention
(《農(nóng)業(yè)協(xié)議》中關(guān)于反補(bǔ)貼的)和平條款 Peace clause
諸邊協(xié)議 Plurilateral agreement
(服務(wù)貿(mào)易)自然人流動 Presence of natural person
生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼 Production subsidy
關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
世界貿(mào)易組織 WTO (World Trade Organization)
烏拉圭回合 Uruguay Round
惠國貿(mào)易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
爭端解決機(jī)構(gòu) Dispute Settlement Body
《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則與程序的諒解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
動植物衛(wèi)生檢疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品）綜合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
(《農(nóng)產(chǎn)品協(xié)議》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
《紡織品與服裝協(xié)議》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
《服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
《信息技術(shù)協(xié)議》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
《多種纖維協(xié)定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
《北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū) ASEAN Free Trade Area
東部和南部非洲共同市場 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
南方共同市場（或稱南錐體共同市場） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
南亞區(qū)域合作聯(lián)盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
貿(mào)易與發(fā)展委員會 Committee on Trade and Development
貿(mào)易與環(huán)境委員會 Committee on Trade and Environment
歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
國際貿(mào)易中心 ITC (International Trade Center)
國際貿(mào)易組織 ITO (International Trade Organization)
國際貿(mào)易組織臨時委員會 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
國際勞工組織 ILO (International Labor Organization)
國際貨幣基金組織 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
聯(lián)合國環(huán)境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
世界海關(guān)組織 WCO (World Customs Organization)
世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
非洲、加勒比和太平洋國家集團(tuán)（洛美協(xié)定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
（補(bǔ)貼協(xié)議）可訴補(bǔ)貼 Actionable subsidy
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）"黃箱"措施 Amber Box measures
(解決爭端)上訴 Appeal
上訴機(jī)構(gòu) Appeal body
《巴塞爾公約》（有關(guān)危險廢棄物的多邊環(huán)境協(xié)定） Basel Convention
《伯爾尼公約》（有關(guān)保護(hù)文學(xué)和藝術(shù)作品版權(quán)的公約） Berne Convention
基礎(chǔ)稅率 Base tariff level
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）藍(lán)箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
國際收支條款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
既定日程 Built-in agenda
約束水平 Bound level
食品法典委員會 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
（歐盟）共同農(nóng)業(yè)政策 Common Agriculture Policy
《生物多樣性公約》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
規(guī)避 Circumvention
《瀕危物種國際貿(mào)易公約》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）商業(yè)存在 Commercial presence
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）境外消費(fèi) Consumption abroad
（服務(wù)貿(mào)易）跨境交付 Cross border supply
(解決爭端)申訴方 Complaint
(解決爭端)被訴方 Defendant
反補(bǔ)貼稅 Countervailing duty
反向通知 Counter-notification
交叉報復(fù) Cross retaliation
貨幣貿(mào)易理事會 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
貨幣留成制度 Currency retention scheme
海關(guān)完稅價值 Customs value
海關(guān)估價 Customs valuation
直接支付 Direct payment
國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè) Domestic industry
國內(nèi)生產(chǎn) Domestic production
國內(nèi)補(bǔ)貼 Domestic subsidy
(農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)國內(nèi)支持 Domestic support
電子商務(wù) Electronic Commerce
環(huán)保型技術(shù) EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
采取措施前 Ex ante
采取措施后 Ex post
出口實(shí)績 Export performance
出口補(bǔ)貼 Export subsidy
（解決爭端）調(diào)查結(jié)果 Findings
糧食安全 Food security
免費(fèi)搭車者(享受其他國家惠國待遇而不進(jìn)行相應(yīng)減讓的國家) Free-rider
（知識產(chǎn)權(quán)）地理標(biāo)識 Geographical indications
轉(zhuǎn)基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
政府采購 Government procurement
（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國內(nèi)支持）綠箱措施 Green Box measures
灰色區(qū)域措施 Grey area measures
拉美國家在WTO中的非正式集團(tuán) GRULAC
WTO不發(fā)達(dá)國家高級別會議 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
協(xié)調(diào)制度（商品名稱及編碼協(xié)調(diào)制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
《里斯本條約》（有關(guān)地理標(biāo)識及其國際注冊） Lisbon Agreement
國際勞工組織 ILO (International Labor Organization)
國際貨幣基金組織 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
進(jìn)口押金 Import deposits
進(jìn)口許可 Import licensing
進(jìn)口滲透 Import penetration
進(jìn)口替代 Import substitution
進(jìn)口附加稅 Import surcharge
進(jìn)口差價稅 Import variable duties
項(xiàng)目管理 Project Management
質(zhì)量保證 Quality Assurance
質(zhì)量管理quality control
質(zhì)量目標(biāo)quality objective
管理措施management measure
first class quality 一流的質(zhì)量
first class service 一流的服務(wù)
有計劃designed
有秩序orderly
程序化的 programmed
規(guī)定 stipulation
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)Leading organ
項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部Project Manager
自檢項(xiàng)目self-inspection
職能部門functional department
質(zhì)量否決權(quán)veto on quality
施工方案Construction Plan