初級美語會話:Expressing Both Specific and General Time 表

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Conversation B
    EILEEN: Martin, when did you first visit Pittsburgh?
    MARTIN: In 1975. I wrote a story about Pittsburgh ten years ago. I wrote a story three years ago. And I visited last year, too.
    EILEEN: When did you first visit Washington?
    MARTIN: I don't know. Many years ago.
    Practice 2:表示過去的事件或活動的時間短語,常常是由“表示時間的名詞(詞組)+副詞 ago”構(gòu)成,也可由“形容詞 last+表示時間的名詞”或“in+年代”構(gòu)成。
    Examples:
    MARTIN: Three years ago. Ten years ago. Many years ago. 
    In 1975.Last year.
    會話B
    艾 琳:馬丁,你第訪問匹茲堡是在什么時候?
    馬 ?。涸?975年,10年前我寫過一篇有關(guān)匹茲堡的報導。我3年前寫過一篇報導,我去年也寫過。
    艾 琳:你第訪問華盛頓是在什么時候?
    馬 ?。何矣洸磺宄?,許多年以前。  
    Conversation C
    MARTIN: Are you going shopping today?
    EILEEN: Yes.
    MARTIN: When are you going shopping.
    EILEEN: After work. I must buy some food.
    MARTIN: Please buy some coffee.
    EILEEN: Don't we have coffee?
    MARTIN: No, I finished the coffee.
    EILEEN: When?
    MARTIN: This morning. I made coffee for breakfast. When did you buy coffee?
    EILEEN: I bought coffee last week. Are you drinking too much coffee?
    MARTIN: I like coffee.
    EILEEN: When do you drink so much coffee?
    MARTIN: In the morning. I like coffee in the morning.
    EILEEN: What time is it. Martin?
    MARTIN: It's nine-twenty.
    EILEEN: What time is the train to Pittsburgh?
    MARTIN: At nine-thirty.
    EILEEN: May I buy a newspaper? I didn't read the newspaper this morning. 
    MARTIN: I don't know. Can you wait?
    EILEEN: When can I buy the newspaper?
    MARTIN: In a few minutes. I'm going in a few minutes.
    EILEEN: Martin, are you going to work on Saturday?
    MARTIN: No, I don't like to work on weekends.
    EILEEN: Can you take Sue and her friends to the park?
    MARTIN: When?
    EILEEN: In the afternoon. There is band concert.
    MARTIN: What time is the concert?
    EILEEN: The concert is at two-fifteen.
    MARTIN: What band is playing?
    EILEEN: There are three school bands playing. Some of Sue's friends are playing in the band.
    MARTIN: What time are they going to finish?
    EILEEN: At four o'clock. I want to work on Saturday.
    MARTIN: Do you want to work at home?
    EILEEN: No, I can't. I want to work at the office.
    VALERIE: Eileen? Hi. How are you?
    EILEEN: Hello! What are you doing here, Valerie? Martin, this is Valerie McCormick.
    MARTIN: Hello. Eileen told me about you. I'm happy to meet you. 
    VALERIE: How are you? 
    MARTIN: Fine, thanks.
    EILEEN: Where are you going? What are you doing here?
    VALERIE: I'm going home. I brought my husband to the train.
    EILEEN: What time is his train?
    VALERIE: It was at nine-ten. It left.
    MARTIN: Where is he going?
    VALERIE: He's going to Hartford, Connecticut. Where are you going? 
    EILEEN: Martin is going to Pittsburgh.
    VALERIE: What time is your train?
    MARTIN: It's at nine-thirty. I'm going now. Good-bye.
    EILEEN: Good-bye. Be careful.
    VALERIE: Good-bye. Martin.
    Practice 3:鞏固確切時間及大致時間的表達法。
    Examples:
    MARTIN: At nine-thirty.
    EILEEN: At two-fifteen. At four o'clock.
    EILEEN: After work.
    MARTIN: This morning.
    EILEEN: Last week.
    MARTIN: In the morning. In a few minutes.
    EILEEN: In the afternoon.
    會話C
    馬 丁:你今天去買東西嗎?
    艾 琳:是的。
    馬 丁:你什么時候去買東西?
    艾 琳:下班以后。我必須買些食品。
    馬 ?。嘿I些咖啡吧。
    艾 琳:我們沒有咖啡了嗎?
    馬 丁:沒有了,我用完了。
    艾 琳:什么時候?
    馬 ?。航裉煸绯?,我早餐煮的咖啡。你什么時候買的咖啡?
    艾 琳:我上周才買的咖啡,你咖啡喝得太多了吧?
    馬 丁:我喜歡咖啡。
    艾 琳:你什么時候喝下這么多咖啡?
    馬 ?。涸谠缟希蚁矚g早上喝咖啡。
    艾 琳:馬丁,幾點了?
    馬 丁:9點20分。
    艾 琳:到匹茲堡的火車是什么時間?
    馬 丁:9點30分。
    艾 琳:我去買張報紙好嗎?我今早沒看報紙。
    馬 ?。何也恢溃隳艿纫坏葐?
    艾 琳:那我什么時候能買報紙呢?
    馬 ?。簬追昼姾螅?guī)追昼姾缶妥吡?。?BR>    艾 琳:馬丁,你星期六去上班嗎?
    馬 ?。翰唬也幌矚g在周末工作。
    艾 琳:你能帶蘇和她的朋友們?nèi)ス珗@嗎?
    馬 ?。菏裁磿r候?
    艾 琳:下午。有個樂隊演奏的音樂會。
    馬 ?。阂魳窌裁磿r候開始?
    艾 琳:音樂會在下午2點15分開始。
    馬 ?。菏裁礃逢爜硌葑?
    艾 琳:有3個學校樂隊演奏,蘇的一些朋友在樂隊里演奏。
    馬 ?。簬c結(jié)束?
    艾 琳:4點。我想在星期六工作。
    馬 ?。耗阆胍诩依锕ぷ鲉?
    艾 琳:不,我不能。我想要在辦公室工作。
    瓦萊麗:艾琳?你好,你近來好嗎?
    艾 琳:你好!瓦萊麗,你來這兒有什么事?馬丁,這是瓦萊麗·麥考密克。
    馬 ?。耗愫?,艾琳跟我提到過你,很高興見到你。
    瓦萊麗:你近來好嗎?
    馬 丁:我很好,謝謝。
    艾 琳:你去哪兒?你在這兒做什么?
    瓦萊麗:我正要回家,我來送我丈夫上火車。
    艾 琳:他乘的是幾點的車?
    瓦萊麗:9點10分,車已經(jīng)開走了。
    馬 ?。核ツ膬?
    瓦萊麗:他去康涅狄格州的哈特福德。你們?nèi)ツ膬?
    艾 琳:馬丁去匹茲堡。
    瓦萊麗:你乘的是幾點的火車?
    馬 ?。?點30分,我現(xiàn)在走了,再見。
    艾 琳:再見,保重。
    瓦萊麗:再見,馬丁。
    New Words and Expressions 生詞和短語
    meet the train 接火車,接站
    band concert 樂隊演奏的音樂會
    Proper Nouns 專有名詞
    Valerie McCormick 瓦雷利·麥考密克
    Connectcut 康涅狄格州
    Hartford 哈特福德市
    Language Points 語言要點
    1. What time does it arrive in Pittsburgh?(什么時間到達匹茲堡?)用 arrive 表示“到達”。arrive 是不及物動詞,其后要跟介詞 in 或 at,一般 arrive in 用于大城市、國家,arrive at 用于小地方。表示“到達”的涵義的常用詞還有 reach 和 get to 短語,reach 是及物動詞,可直接與名詞連用。get to 是慣用語,不如 arrive 和 reach 正式,
    多用于口語。例如:
    What time do we arrive at Cardiff? 我們什么時候到達卡爾迪福?
    When did you arrive in Britain? 你們是什么時候到達英國的?
    He arrived reached at the station at 5. 他5點到達車站。
    He will get to Tokyo tomorrow. 他將于明天到達東京。
    2. ago 是“以前”的意思,本課中用 ago 的句子有:
    I wrote a story about Pittsburgh ten years ago.
    他10年前寫過一篇關(guān)于匹茲堡的報道。
    I wrote a story three years ago. 我3年前寫過一篇故事。
    I first visited Washington many years ago.我是多年前首次訪問華盛頓的
    由上述句子可看出,ago 是“距今……以前”。我們學過表示“以前”的單詞 before,它是表示“較過去……以前”。也就是說 ago 是相對現(xiàn)在而言的,before 是相對過去而言的。這一點從下面的例句就可以看出。
    I visited him two days ago, but he had gone to London five days before.
    他兩天前去看他,但是他已在那5天前就去了倫敦了?! —?BR>    Cultural Notes 文化注釋
    康涅狄格州(Connecticut)位于美國的東北部,東臨大西洋,首府是 New Haven,與羅德島州、麻薩諸塞州及紐約州相接壤。Connecticut 來源于印第安語,意思是“beside the long tidal river”(在長長的潮河旁)。