六、轉(zhuǎn)折/對比原則
議論文和說明文都強調(diào)邏輯的嚴謹性，而轉(zhuǎn)折和對比常?？梢杂脕頊y試考生在這一方面的閱讀理解能力，所以考生對文中的轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系應(yīng)高度重視，只要看到標明轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊年P(guān)系詞如but， however等，就應(yīng)當立即在原文上進行圈點。
一般說來轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容多與上文所表達的意思相反，而對比往往是強調(diào)其中的一方。
1.首段的轉(zhuǎn)折/對比
只要首段中出現(xiàn)一對處于對比狀況的概念，命題專家通常都會就此設(shè)置考題，考生應(yīng)掌握這一規(guī)律，在看到文章首段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折對比的內(nèi)容時，應(yīng)當立即集中注意力，同時還要明白，第一段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時，轉(zhuǎn)折后所表述的一定是文章的中心議題，而在首段出現(xiàn)的對照或?qū)Ρ鹊膬?nèi)容將在下文中進行具體的議論，并在文章最后得出結(jié)論。來源：www.examda.com
例
few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. perhaps it is human kinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. but to be fascinated is also， sometimes， to be blind. several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.
the third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that .（轉(zhuǎn)折）
[a]people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality
[b]the blind could be happier than the sighted
[c]over_excited people tend to neglect vital things
[d]fascination makes people lose their eyesight[1998年51題]
c[正確答案]
2.文中的轉(zhuǎn)折
例
it is a remarkable record， stretching back over 70 years—yet the bbcs future is now in doubt.
the world famous bbc now faces .
[a]the problem of new coverage[b]an uncertain prospect
[c]inquiries by the general public[d]shrinkage of audience[1996年55題]
b[正確答案]
議論文和說明文都強調(diào)邏輯的嚴謹性，而轉(zhuǎn)折和對比常?？梢杂脕頊y試考生在這一方面的閱讀理解能力，所以考生對文中的轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系應(yīng)高度重視，只要看到標明轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊年P(guān)系詞如but， however等，就應(yīng)當立即在原文上進行圈點。
一般說來轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容多與上文所表達的意思相反，而對比往往是強調(diào)其中的一方。
1.首段的轉(zhuǎn)折/對比
只要首段中出現(xiàn)一對處于對比狀況的概念，命題專家通常都會就此設(shè)置考題，考生應(yīng)掌握這一規(guī)律，在看到文章首段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折對比的內(nèi)容時，應(yīng)當立即集中注意力，同時還要明白，第一段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時，轉(zhuǎn)折后所表述的一定是文章的中心議題，而在首段出現(xiàn)的對照或?qū)Ρ鹊膬?nèi)容將在下文中進行具體的議論，并在文章最后得出結(jié)論。來源：www.examda.com
例
few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. perhaps it is human kinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. but to be fascinated is also， sometimes， to be blind. several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.
the third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that .（轉(zhuǎn)折）
[a]people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality
[b]the blind could be happier than the sighted
[c]over_excited people tend to neglect vital things
[d]fascination makes people lose their eyesight[1998年51題]
c[正確答案]
2.文中的轉(zhuǎn)折
例
it is a remarkable record， stretching back over 70 years—yet the bbcs future is now in doubt.
the world famous bbc now faces .
[a]the problem of new coverage[b]an uncertain prospect
[c]inquiries by the general public[d]shrinkage of audience[1996年55題]
b[正確答案]