2．直接解題：
1. According to (根據(jù))the passage, in operating airlines it is essential （重要的，本質(zhì)的）to ___.
A. keep in mind (記住)the need of the executives (行政主管)only.
B. Satisfy(滿足) the need of the low fare(費用) passengers at the expense of （在損害..的情況下）the executives
C. Try to attract(吸引) as many passengers as possible (盡可能...的)by reducing fares
D Cater to (滿足)the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets(飛機).
答案：D.
分析: 借助常識可以直接排除A(只記住行政主管的需要)和B(在損害行政主管利益的情況下滿足低票價乘客的需要), 利用題干中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞essential作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：（第2段）Operating a major（較大的；主要的） airline is essentially （本質(zhì)上， essential的副詞形式）a matter （事情，問題）of finding the right mix （組合）of passengers. 該句說“經(jīng)營以家較大的航空公司從本質(zhì)上說就是找到合適的乘客組合的問題” 。接下來的句子說“ The airlines need to fill up （填滿）the back of their wide-bodied （寬機身的）jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting（忘記） that the front end should be filled with （裝滿了..）people who pay substantially (充分地) more for their tickets（航空公司應(yīng)該在機身寬的飛機的尾部裝滿購買低價票的乘客,同時別忘了讓支付了更高票價的乘客坐在飛機的前端）”. 該句暗示要滿足各種乘客的需要.
2. The following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time(have a hard time: 遇到了困難) except that ___.
A. the tourist industry （旅游業(yè)）is experiencing （經(jīng)歷）an all-time （空前的）low低谷
B. there is no increase （增加）in the number of passengers
C. there are more seats on the planes than needed
D the competition （競爭）between airlines is strong（激烈的）
答案：A。
分析: 利用問題句中反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的短語結(jié)構(gòu)have a hard time作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第3段）But low fares require （要求）consistently（一直） full aircraft to make flights economically （經(jīng)濟地）viable（可行的）, and in the recent recession（蕭條） （與have a hard time呼應(yīng)）the volume（量） of traffic（交通） has not grown.該句說“在最近的蕭條期間，載客量沒有增加” ，因此判斷“乘客量沒有增加”是造成航空空司經(jīng)營困難的一個原因。
Equally the large number of airlines jostling for（為..而競爭） the available （可得到的）passengers has created a huge excess(過剩) of capacity(容量).
該句說“航空公司對乘客的爭搶造成了大量容量的過?！?。
The net（最終的） result of excess capacity （運載量過剩）and cut-throat（激烈的） competition driving down （壓低）fares had been to push（逼迫） some airlines into collapse （倒閉）and leave many others hovering（盤旋） on the brink（在邊緣上）. 該句說“運載量的過剩和降低票價的殘酷競爭逼迫一些航空公司倒閉了，而使其他更多的航空公司盤旋在瀕臨倒閉的邊緣”，該句與C 和D 都呼應(yīng)，只有A沒有提到，因此A 是答案。
3. The improvements（改進(jìn)） the airlines attempt at （努力（取得））include all the following except ___.
A. making their seats more comfortable
B. providing better food during flights
C. showing more movies during the long flights
D. offering sleeperettes（可臥座位） to first-class passengers
答案：C．
分析：利用問題句中的核心詞（improvements）作為答案線索，因為被選項涉及到具體細(xì)節(jié)信息，所以還可以利用被選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞作為答案線索（A: more comfortable seats; B: better food; C: more movies; D: sleeperettes）, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第5段）High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free（免費的） drinks and headsets（耳機） and better food are all part of the lure（吸引（手段））.
該下一句的內(nèi)容（another development）提示了“提供免費的飲料， 耳機和更好的食物是航空公司作出的一些改進(jìn)工作”
（第6段）Another development has been the accent（重視） of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch– the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered（提供） sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch（獲得） a proper （適當(dāng)?shù)? 正確的） night’s sleep
該段段首句說“另一個改進(jìn)在于對座位安排的重視”， 該句暗示前面所提到的“提供更好的食物”也是航空公司工作改進(jìn)的一部份內(nèi)容， 因此排除B。該段后面部分的劃線句說“航空公司給頭等艙的乘客提供可臥座位，可臥座位很受歡迎”， 因此判斷“可臥座位”和“使作為舒適”也是航空公司工作改進(jìn)的內(nèi)容， 因此排除A和D. 接下來的段落在內(nèi)容上涉及到“地面服務(wù)（（第7段段首句）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground）”， 所以答案相關(guān)句就應(yīng)該出自第5段和第6段，這兩個段落中唯有“電影”這方面的信息沒有提到，所以C 是答案。
4. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to（當(dāng)涉及到...） ___.
A. making sure (確保) the departure (出發(fā),離開)are not delayed(延遲, 延期)
B. the efficient (有效的)handling (處理)of luggage(行李)
C. speeding up (加速)customs procedure(手續(xù))
D. the improvement of the condition(條件) of waiting lounges(休息室)
答案：C．
分析：問題問“在...方面航空公司無法做更多的工作?”這個問題涉及到的內(nèi)容恰巧和上一問題涉及到的內(nèi)容形成對比,因此判斷該問題的答案相關(guān)據(jù)應(yīng)該順著上一題的答案位置查找, 同時利用被選項中涉及到的具體細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)座位答案線索(A: departure; B: handling of luggage; C: customs procedure; D: waiting lounges) , 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第7段）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges （執(zhí)行休息室）are commonplace（平常的） and intended to （致力于...）make the inevitable （不可避免的）waiting between flights a little more bearable（可以忍受的）. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably(遺憾地), there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring(令人厭煩的) immigration(移民入境) and customs （）process, which manages to upset(使心煩) and frustrate(使沮喪) passengers of all classes in every continent.
該段中提到“作為改進(jìn)內(nèi)容之一的乘客休息室已經(jīng)是隨處可見，行李業(yè)務(wù)也得到了改進(jìn)，但是各個航空公司還是幾乎無法做到加速移民入境和”， 因此判斷C 是答案。
5. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates（使沮喪） the airlines?
A they do not book （預(yù)定）their seats in advance（提前）
B. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take（be supposed to ../應(yīng)該）
C. they do not travel on the flight they have booked
D. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
答案：C．
分析：問題句中出現(xiàn)了反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的結(jié)構(gòu)“a bad habit of the executive passengers”， 利用這個結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
（最后一段）Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless（雖然如此） like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler – the expensive（代價很高的） habit of booking（預(yù)定） a flight（航班） and then failing to（沒有） turn up(出現(xiàn)，卷起).
該段中的答案相關(guān)據(jù)明確地說明了乘客的壞習(xí)慣：預(yù)定了航班卻不乘坐。 所以C（他們不乘坐已經(jīng)預(yù)定好的航班）是答案。Passage
1. According to (根據(jù))the passage, in operating airlines it is essential （重要的，本質(zhì)的）to ___.
A. keep in mind (記住)the need of the executives (行政主管)only.
B. Satisfy(滿足) the need of the low fare(費用) passengers at the expense of （在損害..的情況下）the executives
C. Try to attract(吸引) as many passengers as possible (盡可能...的)by reducing fares
D Cater to (滿足)the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets(飛機).
答案：D.
分析: 借助常識可以直接排除A(只記住行政主管的需要)和B(在損害行政主管利益的情況下滿足低票價乘客的需要), 利用題干中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞essential作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：（第2段）Operating a major（較大的；主要的） airline is essentially （本質(zhì)上， essential的副詞形式）a matter （事情，問題）of finding the right mix （組合）of passengers. 該句說“經(jīng)營以家較大的航空公司從本質(zhì)上說就是找到合適的乘客組合的問題” 。接下來的句子說“ The airlines need to fill up （填滿）the back of their wide-bodied （寬機身的）jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting（忘記） that the front end should be filled with （裝滿了..）people who pay substantially (充分地) more for their tickets（航空公司應(yīng)該在機身寬的飛機的尾部裝滿購買低價票的乘客,同時別忘了讓支付了更高票價的乘客坐在飛機的前端）”. 該句暗示要滿足各種乘客的需要.
2. The following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time(have a hard time: 遇到了困難) except that ___.
A. the tourist industry （旅游業(yè)）is experiencing （經(jīng)歷）an all-time （空前的）low低谷
B. there is no increase （增加）in the number of passengers
C. there are more seats on the planes than needed
D the competition （競爭）between airlines is strong（激烈的）
答案：A。
分析: 利用問題句中反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的短語結(jié)構(gòu)have a hard time作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第3段）But low fares require （要求）consistently（一直） full aircraft to make flights economically （經(jīng)濟地）viable（可行的）, and in the recent recession（蕭條） （與have a hard time呼應(yīng)）the volume（量） of traffic（交通） has not grown.該句說“在最近的蕭條期間，載客量沒有增加” ，因此判斷“乘客量沒有增加”是造成航空空司經(jīng)營困難的一個原因。
Equally the large number of airlines jostling for（為..而競爭） the available （可得到的）passengers has created a huge excess(過剩) of capacity(容量).
該句說“航空公司對乘客的爭搶造成了大量容量的過?！?。
The net（最終的） result of excess capacity （運載量過剩）and cut-throat（激烈的） competition driving down （壓低）fares had been to push（逼迫） some airlines into collapse （倒閉）and leave many others hovering（盤旋） on the brink（在邊緣上）. 該句說“運載量的過剩和降低票價的殘酷競爭逼迫一些航空公司倒閉了，而使其他更多的航空公司盤旋在瀕臨倒閉的邊緣”，該句與C 和D 都呼應(yīng)，只有A沒有提到，因此A 是答案。
3. The improvements（改進(jìn)） the airlines attempt at （努力（取得））include all the following except ___.
A. making their seats more comfortable
B. providing better food during flights
C. showing more movies during the long flights
D. offering sleeperettes（可臥座位） to first-class passengers
答案：C．
分析：利用問題句中的核心詞（improvements）作為答案線索，因為被選項涉及到具體細(xì)節(jié)信息，所以還可以利用被選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞作為答案線索（A: more comfortable seats; B: better food; C: more movies; D: sleeperettes）, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第5段）High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free（免費的） drinks and headsets（耳機） and better food are all part of the lure（吸引（手段））.
該下一句的內(nèi)容（another development）提示了“提供免費的飲料， 耳機和更好的食物是航空公司作出的一些改進(jìn)工作”
（第6段）Another development has been the accent（重視） of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch– the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered（提供） sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch（獲得） a proper （適當(dāng)?shù)? 正確的） night’s sleep
該段段首句說“另一個改進(jìn)在于對座位安排的重視”， 該句暗示前面所提到的“提供更好的食物”也是航空公司工作改進(jìn)的一部份內(nèi)容， 因此排除B。該段后面部分的劃線句說“航空公司給頭等艙的乘客提供可臥座位，可臥座位很受歡迎”， 因此判斷“可臥座位”和“使作為舒適”也是航空公司工作改進(jìn)的內(nèi)容， 因此排除A和D. 接下來的段落在內(nèi)容上涉及到“地面服務(wù)（（第7段段首句）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground）”， 所以答案相關(guān)句就應(yīng)該出自第5段和第6段，這兩個段落中唯有“電影”這方面的信息沒有提到，所以C 是答案。
4. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to（當(dāng)涉及到...） ___.
A. making sure (確保) the departure (出發(fā),離開)are not delayed(延遲, 延期)
B. the efficient (有效的)handling (處理)of luggage(行李)
C. speeding up (加速)customs procedure(手續(xù))
D. the improvement of the condition(條件) of waiting lounges(休息室)
答案：C．
分析：問題問“在...方面航空公司無法做更多的工作?”這個問題涉及到的內(nèi)容恰巧和上一問題涉及到的內(nèi)容形成對比,因此判斷該問題的答案相關(guān)據(jù)應(yīng)該順著上一題的答案位置查找, 同時利用被選項中涉及到的具體細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)座位答案線索(A: departure; B: handling of luggage; C: customs procedure; D: waiting lounges) , 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：
（第7段）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges （執(zhí)行休息室）are commonplace（平常的） and intended to （致力于...）make the inevitable （不可避免的）waiting between flights a little more bearable（可以忍受的）. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably(遺憾地), there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring(令人厭煩的) immigration(移民入境) and customs （）process, which manages to upset(使心煩) and frustrate(使沮喪) passengers of all classes in every continent.
該段中提到“作為改進(jìn)內(nèi)容之一的乘客休息室已經(jīng)是隨處可見，行李業(yè)務(wù)也得到了改進(jìn)，但是各個航空公司還是幾乎無法做到加速移民入境和”， 因此判斷C 是答案。
5. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates（使沮喪） the airlines?
A they do not book （預(yù)定）their seats in advance（提前）
B. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take（be supposed to ../應(yīng)該）
C. they do not travel on the flight they have booked
D. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
答案：C．
分析：問題句中出現(xiàn)了反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的結(jié)構(gòu)“a bad habit of the executive passengers”， 利用這個結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
（最后一段）Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless（雖然如此） like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler – the expensive（代價很高的） habit of booking（預(yù)定） a flight（航班） and then failing to（沒有） turn up(出現(xiàn)，卷起).
該段中的答案相關(guān)據(jù)明確地說明了乘客的壞習(xí)慣：預(yù)定了航班卻不乘坐。 所以C（他們不乘坐已經(jīng)預(yù)定好的航班）是答案。Passage