第163講：cold shoulder; hot air
今天我們要給大家介紹的兩個習慣用語是以兩個對立的字組成的，第一個是冷，也就是英文里的cold，第二個是熱，也就是英文里的 hot。讓我們首先來講以cold這個字組成的俗語。
Cold shoulder. Cold is spelled c-o-l-d, and shoulder is spelled s-h-o-u-l-d-e-r. Cold shoulder.
大家都知道，cold 就是冷。Shoulder 就是肩膀。那末，cold shoulder從字面上來解釋就是:冷的肩膀。但是，Cold shoulder 作為俗語的意思就是：故意對某人很不友好，顯示出討厭或輕視某人的態(tài)度?，F(xiàn)在，我們先來舉個例子。
"I always thought Mary and I were friends. But when I saw her at the supermarket today and said 'hello,' she gave me the cold shoulder -- she looked right past me like I wasn't even there."
這個人說：「我老是把瑪麗看作是我的朋友。但是，今天我在超級市場看到她，還跟她打招呼了?？墒?，她看都沒看我一眼，就好像我沒在那兒一樣，對我可冷淡咯?！?BR> 請大家注意這個例句的最后一句話：she looked right past me like I wasn't even there. Like I wasn't even there 這樣說，嚴格來講，并不符合語法的要求，但是美國人卻都那末說。這證明口語里習慣的說法并不一定符合語法的規(guī)定，這是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，希望大家在學習的過程中注意這一點。我們再來把這個例句用慢速念一遍。
"I always thought Mary and I were friends. But when I saw her at the supermarket today and said 'hello,' she gave me the cold shoulder -- she looked right past me like I wasn't even there."
美國許多有錢和有地位的人都參加各種很高雅的俱樂部,這些俱樂部每年收很高的會員費,但是會員也可以享受很多俱樂部的設備和服務,例如網(wǎng)球場和游泳池等。一般,這類俱樂部都有他們自己的餐廳,會員可以帶朋友一起去吃飯,可以享受特殊的優(yōu)待。下面這個例句是一個人被邀請參加某一俱樂部的聚會,由于他不屬于那一階層的人,所以受到了冷遇。他說:
例句二："It was the first time I got invited to that fancy club. People at the party were polite to me, but one of the waiters gave me the cold shoulder when I asked for a drink. Let me tell you, I'll never go to a place like that again."
這個人說:「我被邀請去那種高級俱樂部還是第一次。每個參加聚會的人倒是對我很客氣。可是當我問一個服務員要一杯飲料的時候,他對我特別冷淡。我告訴你,我這輩子再也不去那種地方了?！?BR> 請大家再聽一遍上面這個例句。
"It was the first time I got invited to that fancy club. People at the party were polite to me, but one of the waiters gave me the cold shoulder when I asked for a drink. Let me tell you, I'll never go to a place like that again."
剛才我們給大家介紹了和冷，也就是cold 這個字有關的俗語，下面我們給大家講一個由熱，也就是hot 這個字組成的俗語。
Hot air. Hot is spelled h-o-t and air is spelled a-i-r. Hot air.
Hot 就是熱，air就是空氣。Hot air合在一起就成了熱空氣。按字面上這么解釋是完全對的，但是，我們現(xiàn)在在講俗語，所以hot air就不是熱空氣了。那末，hot air作為俗語做什么解釋呢? Hot air 作為俗語就是夸夸其談，吹牛。我們來舉個例子吧。這是一個人在評論那些競選當官的候選人。
例句三："Most candidates make promises during a campaign to win voters' support. But many promises are nothing but hot air. After the candidates get elected, they tend to forget most of the things they promised to achieve."
這人聽起來對政界人士缺乏信任，他說：「大多數(shù)候選人在競選過程中都做出各種保證，以贏得選民的支持。但是，他們說的好多都是夸夸其談，等到當選后，他們往往把自己的保證忘了。」
在美國，無論是競選總統(tǒng)，還是競選地方官員，候選人都得表明自己對某些問題的觀點。為了獲得選民的擁護，他們往往在一些群眾關心的問題上迎合群眾的需要，以這種方式來爭取更多的選票。但是，等到當選以后，不管是由于客觀條件，或是來自政治圈子里的壓力，他們在競選過程中所做的保證不能得以實現(xiàn)。這種改變有的完全是合理的，是出于大眾利益的，是應該的。但是也有些是在于達到某些政治目的。這樣當然會引起一些選民的不滿。我們再把這個例句念一遍。
"Most candidates make promises during a campaign to win voters' support. But many promises are nothing but hot air. After the candidates get elected, they tend to forget most of the things they promised to achieve."
愛吹牛的人并不少見。下面這個例子就是兩個朋友在說他們在一次聚會上遇見的一個人。
例句四："That man at the party yesterday didn't have any idea what he was talking about. He blew a lot of hot air about health and nutrition. He didn't know that both of us have been practicing medicine for more than thirty years."
這個人說：「昨天聚會上那個人真不知道他在說什么。他夸夸其談地說了好多關于健康和營養(yǎng)的事。他可不知道我們兩行醫(yī)已經(jīng)三十多年了?！?BR> 我們再請大家聽一遍這個例句。
"That man at the party yesterday didn't have any idea what he was talking about. He blew a lot of hot air about health and nutrition. He didn't know that both of us have been practicing medicine for more than thirty years."
各位聽眾，今天我們講了兩個習慣用語，第一個是和冷，也就是cold這個字有關的習慣用語：
Cold shoulder. Cold shoulder是故意對人冷淡，表現(xiàn)出輕視和討厭的態(tài)度。我們今天講的第二個習慣用語是和熱，也就是和hot這個字有關的。Hot air.Hot air是指夸夸其談，吹牛。
今天我們要給大家介紹的兩個習慣用語是以兩個對立的字組成的，第一個是冷，也就是英文里的cold，第二個是熱，也就是英文里的 hot。讓我們首先來講以cold這個字組成的俗語。
Cold shoulder. Cold is spelled c-o-l-d, and shoulder is spelled s-h-o-u-l-d-e-r. Cold shoulder.
大家都知道，cold 就是冷。Shoulder 就是肩膀。那末，cold shoulder從字面上來解釋就是:冷的肩膀。但是，Cold shoulder 作為俗語的意思就是：故意對某人很不友好，顯示出討厭或輕視某人的態(tài)度?，F(xiàn)在，我們先來舉個例子。
"I always thought Mary and I were friends. But when I saw her at the supermarket today and said 'hello,' she gave me the cold shoulder -- she looked right past me like I wasn't even there."
這個人說：「我老是把瑪麗看作是我的朋友。但是，今天我在超級市場看到她，還跟她打招呼了?？墒?，她看都沒看我一眼，就好像我沒在那兒一樣，對我可冷淡咯?！?BR> 請大家注意這個例句的最后一句話：she looked right past me like I wasn't even there. Like I wasn't even there 這樣說，嚴格來講，并不符合語法的要求，但是美國人卻都那末說。這證明口語里習慣的說法并不一定符合語法的規(guī)定，這是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，希望大家在學習的過程中注意這一點。我們再來把這個例句用慢速念一遍。
"I always thought Mary and I were friends. But when I saw her at the supermarket today and said 'hello,' she gave me the cold shoulder -- she looked right past me like I wasn't even there."
美國許多有錢和有地位的人都參加各種很高雅的俱樂部,這些俱樂部每年收很高的會員費,但是會員也可以享受很多俱樂部的設備和服務,例如網(wǎng)球場和游泳池等。一般,這類俱樂部都有他們自己的餐廳,會員可以帶朋友一起去吃飯,可以享受特殊的優(yōu)待。下面這個例句是一個人被邀請參加某一俱樂部的聚會,由于他不屬于那一階層的人,所以受到了冷遇。他說:
例句二："It was the first time I got invited to that fancy club. People at the party were polite to me, but one of the waiters gave me the cold shoulder when I asked for a drink. Let me tell you, I'll never go to a place like that again."
這個人說:「我被邀請去那種高級俱樂部還是第一次。每個參加聚會的人倒是對我很客氣。可是當我問一個服務員要一杯飲料的時候,他對我特別冷淡。我告訴你,我這輩子再也不去那種地方了?！?BR> 請大家再聽一遍上面這個例句。
"It was the first time I got invited to that fancy club. People at the party were polite to me, but one of the waiters gave me the cold shoulder when I asked for a drink. Let me tell you, I'll never go to a place like that again."
剛才我們給大家介紹了和冷，也就是cold 這個字有關的俗語，下面我們給大家講一個由熱，也就是hot 這個字組成的俗語。
Hot air. Hot is spelled h-o-t and air is spelled a-i-r. Hot air.
Hot 就是熱，air就是空氣。Hot air合在一起就成了熱空氣。按字面上這么解釋是完全對的，但是，我們現(xiàn)在在講俗語，所以hot air就不是熱空氣了。那末，hot air作為俗語做什么解釋呢? Hot air 作為俗語就是夸夸其談，吹牛。我們來舉個例子吧。這是一個人在評論那些競選當官的候選人。
例句三："Most candidates make promises during a campaign to win voters' support. But many promises are nothing but hot air. After the candidates get elected, they tend to forget most of the things they promised to achieve."
這人聽起來對政界人士缺乏信任，他說：「大多數(shù)候選人在競選過程中都做出各種保證，以贏得選民的支持。但是，他們說的好多都是夸夸其談，等到當選后，他們往往把自己的保證忘了。」
在美國，無論是競選總統(tǒng)，還是競選地方官員，候選人都得表明自己對某些問題的觀點。為了獲得選民的擁護，他們往往在一些群眾關心的問題上迎合群眾的需要，以這種方式來爭取更多的選票。但是，等到當選以后，不管是由于客觀條件，或是來自政治圈子里的壓力，他們在競選過程中所做的保證不能得以實現(xiàn)。這種改變有的完全是合理的，是出于大眾利益的，是應該的。但是也有些是在于達到某些政治目的。這樣當然會引起一些選民的不滿。我們再把這個例句念一遍。
"Most candidates make promises during a campaign to win voters' support. But many promises are nothing but hot air. After the candidates get elected, they tend to forget most of the things they promised to achieve."
愛吹牛的人并不少見。下面這個例子就是兩個朋友在說他們在一次聚會上遇見的一個人。
例句四："That man at the party yesterday didn't have any idea what he was talking about. He blew a lot of hot air about health and nutrition. He didn't know that both of us have been practicing medicine for more than thirty years."
這個人說：「昨天聚會上那個人真不知道他在說什么。他夸夸其談地說了好多關于健康和營養(yǎng)的事。他可不知道我們兩行醫(yī)已經(jīng)三十多年了?！?BR> 我們再請大家聽一遍這個例句。
"That man at the party yesterday didn't have any idea what he was talking about. He blew a lot of hot air about health and nutrition. He didn't know that both of us have been practicing medicine for more than thirty years."
各位聽眾，今天我們講了兩個習慣用語，第一個是和冷，也就是cold這個字有關的習慣用語：
Cold shoulder. Cold shoulder是故意對人冷淡，表現(xiàn)出輕視和討厭的態(tài)度。我們今天講的第二個習慣用語是和熱，也就是和hot這個字有關的。Hot air.Hot air是指夸夸其談，吹牛。