一.學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)及范例
這一節(jié)里主要學(xué)習(xí)怎樣使用助動(dòng)詞 can, c-a-n, can, may, m-a-y, may, will, w-i-l-l, will 和 might, m-i-g-h-t, might.
先請(qǐng)看下面一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說 peter 在學(xué)校里跟同學(xué) Mary 談到了學(xué)校里的活動(dòng). 首先我們還是先用自然速度讀, 請(qǐng)注意聽英語(yǔ)的 發(fā)音和聲調(diào).
M: Hi, Mary.
F: Oh, hello, Peter. How are you?
M: I'm fine. Can you have a cup of coffee with me?
F: I can't now. I have an exam tomorrow. I have to study for it.
M: You're taking a lot of courses this year.
F: I might drop some of them. Are you still with the football team?
M: Yes, we will play a game this Friday.
F: May I go to see you play?
M: Yes, of course.
F: I hope the weather will be sunny Friday.
M: I hope so, too.
現(xiàn)在我們用慢速度再把這段對(duì)話念一遍.
M: Hi, Mary.
F: Oh, hello, Peter. How are you?
M: I'm fine. Can you have a cup of coffee with me?
F: I can't now. I have an exam tomorrow. I have to study for it.
M: You're taking too many courses this year.
F: I might drop some of them. Are you still with the football team?
M: Yes, we will play a game this Friday.
F: May I go to see you play?
M: Yes, of course.
F: I hope the weather will be sunny Friday.
M: I hope so, too.
現(xiàn)在我把剛才那段會(huì)話里包含了助動(dòng)詞的句子挑出來, 用慢速度再念一遍給你 聽.
M: Can you have a cup of coffee with me?
F: I can't now.
M: I might drop some of them.
M: We will play a game this Friday.
F: May I go to see you play?
F: I hope the weather will be sunny Friday.
二.CAN
首先我們學(xué)習(xí)怎么用 can, c-a-n, can. 這個(gè)字表示 "有能力" 作一件事. 它的否定 式是 cannot, c-a-n-n-o-t, cannot, 可以減縮為 can't, 意思當(dāng)然就是說 "沒有能力" 作一件事. 在第一組練習(xí)里, 我們給你舉一些例子, 說 Peter 和 Mary 能作什么 事而不能作什么事. 每個(gè)句子我們念兩次, 在念第二次的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你也跟著念.
M: Peter can have a cup of coffee but Mary can't.
F: Peter can have a cup of coffee but Mary can't.
M: Peter can play football but Mary can't.
F: Peter can play football but Mary can't.
M: Peter can swim but Mary can't.
F: Peter can swim but Mary can't.
M: Mary can dance but Peter can't.
F: Mary can dance but Peter can't.
M: Mary can sing but Peter can't.
F: Mary can sing but Peter can't.
M: Mary can speak French but Peter can't.
F: Mary can speak French but Peter can't.
下面我們換一個(gè)方式作練習(xí). 由學(xué)生問老師: "我能作什么呢?" 然后老師提出一 個(gè)詞組, 請(qǐng)學(xué)生用這個(gè)詞組來回答問題. 我先舉一個(gè)例子:
F: What can I do?
M: join the gymnastics team
F: I can join the gymnastics team.
M: join the track team.
F: I can join the track team.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始做練習(xí):
F: What can I do?
M: join the gymnastics team
F: I can join the gymnastics team.
M: join the track team
F: I can join the track team.
M: drive a car
F: I can drive a car.
M: cook fancy dishes
F: I can cook fancy dishes.
M: speak English well
F: I can speak English well.
M: run fast
F: I can run fast.
M: sing an American song
F: I can sing an American song.
三.MAY 和 MIGHT
學(xué)完了 can 的用法, 現(xiàn)在我們看看怎么用助動(dòng)詞 may 和 might. 這兩個(gè)字都表示 將來事情可能發(fā)生,在句子里可以交換使用.比方 "將來彼得可能成為職業(yè)選手" 這句話可以這么說: Peter may become a professional player. 也可以這么說: Peter might become a professional player.
好, 下面我們來作一組練習(xí). 練習(xí)的內(nèi)容都是說彼得將來可能有什么成就. 現(xiàn)在 我們請(qǐng)英文老師提出一個(gè)用 may 這個(gè)字的句子, 請(qǐng)學(xué)生用might 這個(gè)字來代替. 在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候也請(qǐng)你跟著作.
M: Peter may become a professional player.
F: Peter might become a professional player.
M: Peter may become a sport star.
F: Peter might become a sport star.
M: Peter may play in the Olympic Games.
F: Peter might play in the Olympic Games.
下面我們來看一看瑪麗將來可能有什么成就. 還是請(qǐng)你照樣跟著練習(xí).
M: Mary may become a professional singer.
F: Mary might become a professional singer.
M: Mary may have a career in singing.
F: Mary might have a career in singing.
M: Mary may sing in a concert.
F: Mary might sing in a concert.
四.用 MAY 表請(qǐng)求
剛才我們學(xué)習(xí)了 can 跟 can't, 還有 may 跟 might 的用法, 下面我們要學(xué)習(xí) may 的另外一種用法. may 這個(gè)字除了可以表示可能性之外還可以用來表示允許或 是請(qǐng)求.
在上一課里我們提到彼得夏天里要到紐約去旅行的事情; 下面一組練習(xí)談的都 是彼得問媽媽到了紐約準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn)他作什么事的問題.首先由彼得問一個(gè)問題,然后 你會(huì)聽到 yes 或是no. 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)你聽到的來回答問題. 首先舉個(gè)例子:
M: May I go to New York with the school tour?
F: Yes!
F: Yes, you may go to New York with the school tour 好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始做練習(xí), 在你答覆問題之后, 請(qǐng)你聽正確答案.
M: May I go to New York with the school tour?
F: Yes!
F: Yes, you may go to New York with the school tour.
M: May I go to New York alone?
F: No!
F: No, you may not go to New York alone.
M: May I take a lot of money with me?
F: No!
F: No, you may not take a lot of money with you.
M: May I take two suitcases with me?
F: Yes!
F: Yes, you may take two suitcases with you.
M: May I visit some beautiful churches in New York?
F: Yes!
F: Yes, you may visit some beautiful churches in New York.
下面我們多舉幾個(gè)例子. 每個(gè)例子我們念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽一遍, 重復(fù)一遍:
M: May I have a cup of coffee with you?
F: May I have a cup of coffee with you?
M: May I go to see you play football?
F: May I go to see you play football?
M: May I have four tomatoes and a dozen eggs?
F: May I have four tomatoes and a dozen eggs?
M: May I sit next to you?
F: May I sit next to you?
M: May I dance with you?
F: May I dance with you?
M: May I take you home?
F: May I take you home?
M: May I use your telephone?
F: May I use your telephone?
M: May I help you?
F: May I help you?
五.WILL
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們學(xué)習(xí)今天要教的后一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞 will. 這個(gè)字是表示將來會(huì)發(fā)生 什么事.下面我們舉一些例子.每個(gè)句子還是念兩遍,還是請(qǐng)你聽一遍,重復(fù)一遍.
M: Peter will play football this Friday.
F: Peter will play football this Friday.
M: Mary will go to see the football game this Friday.
F: Mary will go to see the football game this Friday.
M: Mary will see Peter this Friday.
F: Mary will see Peter this Friday.
M: The weather will be sunny this Friday.
F: The weather will be sunny this Friday.
現(xiàn)在我們學(xué)習(xí)怎么樣把剛才那些句子加上疑問詞變成問句. 比方老師說: Peter will play football this Friday. 接著老師給你一個(gè)疑問詞 what, 你就把句子改成:
What will Peter play this Friday? 好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始做練習(xí). 在你作完一個(gè)問 句之后, 就請(qǐng)注意聽正確的答案.
M: Peter will play football this Friday.
M: What
F: What will Peter play this Friday?
M: Mary will go to see the football game this Friday.
M: When
F: When will Mary go to see the football game?
M: Mary will see Peter this Friday.
M: Who
F: Who will Mary see this Friday?
M: The weather will be sunny this Friday.
M: How
F: How will the weather be this Friday?
will 這個(gè)字還可以用來表示一個(gè)人的志愿. 下面這組練習(xí)內(nèi)容都是問你肯不肯 做什么事. 每個(gè)句子我們還是念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽一遍, 重復(fù)一遍.
M: Will you sing a song for us?
F: Will you sing a song for us?
M: Will you go to the bank with me?
F: Will you go to the bank with me?
M: Will you take me to the airport?
F: Will you take me to the airport?
M: Will you buy two loaves of bread?
F: Will you buy two loaves of bread?
下面一組練習(xí)是把 will 跟它的否定式 will not 也就是 won't 作個(gè)比較. 還是請(qǐng)你 聽一遍, 跟著重復(fù)一遍.
M: Peter won't go to the supermarket but Mary will.
F: Peter won't go to the supermarket but Mary will.
M: Peter won't cook for you but Mary will.
F: Peter won't cook for you but Mary will.
M: Mary won't go swimming with you but Peter will.
F: Mary won't go swimming with you but Peter will.
M: Mary won't have a cup of coffee but Peter will.
F: Mary won't have a cup of coffee but Peter will.