The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
An international code of ethics for nurses was first adopted by the International Council of Nurses （ICN） in 1953. It has been revised and reaffirmed at various times since, most recently with this review and revision completed in 2000.
1953年，國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)（ICN）首次采用國(guó)際護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則，其間已經(jīng)多次修訂，本準(zhǔn)則為2000修訂之最新版本。
1．Preamble
Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities： to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need for nursing is universal.
Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including the right to life, to dignity and to be treated with respect. Nursing care is unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, nationality, politics, race or social status.
Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and co-ordinate their services with those of related groups.
一、前言
護(hù)士4項(xiàng)基本職責(zé)：促進(jìn)健康，預(yù)防疾病，恢復(fù)健康和減輕痛苦。護(hù)理需要是全球性的。
護(hù)理的本質(zhì)就是尊重人權(quán)，包括生存權(quán)、享受個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)及受尊重的權(quán)利。
護(hù)理不因年齡、膚色、宗教、文化、殘障或疾患、性別、國(guó)藉、政治、種族或社會(huì)地位而受限制。
護(hù)士為個(gè)人、家庭及社區(qū)提供健康服務(wù)，并與相關(guān)團(tuán)體互相協(xié)作提供服務(wù)。
THE CODE 道德準(zhǔn)則
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses has four principal elements that outline the standards of ethical conduct.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則由四項(xiàng)基本原則組成，是護(hù)士行為的職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Elements of the Code
準(zhǔn)則內(nèi)容
1. Nurses and people
護(hù)士與民眾
The nurses primary professional responsibility is to people requiring nursing care.
In providing care, the nurse promotes an environment in which the human rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs of the individual, family and community are respected.
The nurse ensures that the individual receives sufficient information on
The nurse holds in confidence personal information and uses judgment in sharing this information.
The nurse shares with society the responsibility for initiating and supporting action to meet the health and social needs of the public, in particular those of vulnerable populations.
The nurse also shares responsibility to sustain and protect the natural environment from depletion, pollution, degradation and destruction.
護(hù)士之基本責(zé)任是照顧那些需要照顧的民眾。
護(hù)士在提供護(hù)理時(shí)，要推動(dòng)建立一個(gè)尊重個(gè)人、家庭及社會(huì)人權(quán)、價(jià)值觀、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣及信仰的護(hù)理環(huán)境。
護(hù)士確保個(gè)人獲得作出同意護(hù)理及相關(guān)治療決定時(shí)所需的足夠信息。
護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)個(gè)人資料保密，并判斷可否分享資料。
護(hù)士與社會(huì)共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任，采取并支持行動(dòng)，滿足公眾特別是弱勢(shì)群體的健康及社會(huì)需要。
護(hù)士分擔(dān)責(zé)任，維持和保護(hù)自然環(huán)境，使其不致枯竭、免受污染、退化或破壞。
2. Nurses and practice
2. 護(hù)士與實(shí)踐
The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining competence by continual learning.
The nurse maintains a standard of personal health such that the ability to provide care is not compromised.
The nurse uses judgement regarding individual competence when accepting and delegating responsibility.
The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal conduct which reflect well on the profession and enhance public confidence.
The nurse, in providing care, ensures that use of technology and scientific advances are compatible with the safety, dignity and rights of people.
護(hù)士承擔(dān)護(hù)理操作的個(gè)人義務(wù)與責(zé)任的護(hù)士，有義務(wù)和責(zé)任通過(guò)不斷學(xué)習(xí)保持自己的專業(yè)能力。
護(hù)士要保持個(gè)人健康，確保護(hù)理能力不受損害。
護(hù)士根據(jù)個(gè)人能力接受或授權(quán)責(zé)任。
護(hù)士時(shí)刻保持良好的專業(yè)形象，增強(qiáng)公眾信任。
護(hù)士在護(hù)理時(shí)確保先進(jìn)科技的應(yīng)用符合民眾的安全、尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利需要。
3. Nurses and the profession
護(hù)士與專業(yè)
The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice, management, research and education.
The nurse is active in developing a core of research-based professional knowledge.
The nurse, acting through the professional organisation, participates in creating and maintaining equitable social and economic working conditions in nursing.
護(hù)士是決定和實(shí)施公認(rèn)的臨床護(hù)理、管理、科研和教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的主導(dǎo)者。
護(hù)士要積極建立以科研為基礎(chǔ)的專業(yè)知識(shí)體系。
護(hù)士通過(guò)專業(yè)團(tuán)體參與建立和維護(hù)護(hù)理領(lǐng)域公平的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)工作條件。
4. Nurses and co-workers
護(hù)士與合作者
The nurse sustains a co-operative relationship with co-workers in nursing and other fields. The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard individuals when their care is endangered by a co-worker or any other person.
護(hù)士與護(hù)理及其他領(lǐng)域的合作者保持合作關(guān)系。當(dāng)護(hù)理受到合作者或其他人危害時(shí)，護(hù)士要采取適當(dāng)行動(dòng)保護(hù)護(hù)理對(duì)象。
Suggestions for use of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則實(shí)施建議
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses is a guide for action based on social values and needs. It will have meaning only as a living document if applied to the realities of nursing and health care in a changing society.
To achieve its purpose the Code must be understood, internalised and used by nurses in all aspects of their work. It must be available to students and nurses throughout their study and work lives.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則是根據(jù)社會(huì)價(jià)值和需要制訂的行動(dòng)指南。它只有在不斷變化的社會(huì)中、通過(guò)護(hù)理及健康保健現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，才能發(fā)揮它的作用。
要達(dá)到這一目的，護(hù)士必須理解、接受準(zhǔn)則，并將其應(yīng)用到各項(xiàng)護(hù)理工作中。準(zhǔn)則必須貫穿于學(xué)生及護(hù)士的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活中。
Applying the Elements of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用
The four elements of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses： nurses and people, nurses and practice, nurses and co-workers, and nurses and the profession, give a framework for the standards of conduct. The following chart will assist nurses to translate the standards into action. Nurses and nursing students can therefore：
Study the standards under each element of the Code.
Reflect on what each standard means to you. Think about how you can apply ethics in your nursing domain： practice, education, research or management.
Discuss the Code with co-workers and others.
Use a specific example from experience to identify ethical dilemmas and standards of conduct as outlined in the Code. Identify how you would resolve the dilemma.
Work in groups to clarify ethical decision making and reach a consensus on standards of ethical conduct.
Collaborate with your national nurses association, co-workers, and others in the continuous application of ethical standards in nursing practice, education, management and research.
學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)則各要素的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
思考每項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的意義，考慮如何將準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用于護(hù)理領(lǐng)域中：實(shí)踐、教育、科研或管理。
與合作者和其他人討論準(zhǔn)則。
以特定經(jīng)歷為例，認(rèn)識(shí)職業(yè)道德所面臨的困境及準(zhǔn)則規(guī)定的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，找出擺脫困境的可能方法。
通過(guò)小組討論澄清職業(yè)道德決策，達(dá)成職業(yè)行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共識(shí)。
與本國(guó)護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)、合作者及他人合作，在護(hù)理實(shí)踐、教育、管理及科研中不斷應(yīng)用護(hù)理職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Dissemination of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的傳播
To be effective the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses must be familiar to nurses. We encourage you to help with its dissemination to schools of nursing, practising nurses, the nursing press and other mass media. The Code should also be disseminated to other health professions, the general public, consumer and policy making groups, human rights organisations and employers of nurses.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則必須為護(hù)士所熟知以發(fā)揮作用。我們鼓勵(lì)向護(hù)理學(xué)校、執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士、護(hù)理新聞機(jī)構(gòu)及其他大眾傳媒傳播準(zhǔn)則。準(zhǔn)則還應(yīng)向其他保健界人士、普通大眾、消費(fèi)者、決策機(jī)構(gòu)、人權(quán)組織以及護(hù)土雇主進(jìn)行傳播。
Glossary of terms used in the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
詞語(yǔ)解釋
Co-operative relationship A professional relationship based on collegial and reciprocal actions, and behaviour that aim to achieve certain goals.
Co-worker Other nurses and other health and non-health related workers and professionals.
Nurse shares with society A nurse, as a health professional and a citizen, initiates and supports appropriate action to meet the health and social needs of the public.
Personal health Mental, physical, social and spiritual well -being of the nurse.
Personal information Information obtained during professional contact that is private to an individual or family, and which, when disclosed, may violate the right to privacy, cause inconvenience, embarrassment, or harm to the individual or family.
Related groups Other nurses, health care workers or other professionals providing service to an individual, family or community and working toward desired goals.
合作關(guān)系 – 在平等、互利及特定目標(biāo)行為基礎(chǔ)上建立的專業(yè)關(guān)系。
合作者 – 其他護(hù)士及其他保健和非保健相關(guān)工作人員及專業(yè)人士。
護(hù)士與社會(huì) – 護(hù)士作為保健專業(yè)人士和普通公民，制訂和支持適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┮詽M足公眾的健康和社會(huì)需要。
個(gè)人健康 – 護(hù)士的心理、生理、社會(huì)和精神健康。
個(gè)人信息 – 在職業(yè)接觸中獲得、屬于個(gè)人或家庭私有的信息，一旦泄露，就可能違反個(gè)人或家庭的隱私權(quán)，給其帶來(lái)麻煩、困擾或傷害。
相關(guān)群體 – 向個(gè)人、家庭或社會(huì)提供服務(wù)，共同為預(yù)期目標(biāo)而努力的其他護(hù)士、健康護(hù)理人員及其他專業(yè)人士。
An international code of ethics for nurses was first adopted by the International Council of Nurses （ICN） in 1953. It has been revised and reaffirmed at various times since, most recently with this review and revision completed in 2000.
1953年，國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)（ICN）首次采用國(guó)際護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則，其間已經(jīng)多次修訂，本準(zhǔn)則為2000修訂之最新版本。
1．Preamble
Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities： to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need for nursing is universal.
Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including the right to life, to dignity and to be treated with respect. Nursing care is unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, nationality, politics, race or social status.
Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and co-ordinate their services with those of related groups.
一、前言
護(hù)士4項(xiàng)基本職責(zé)：促進(jìn)健康，預(yù)防疾病，恢復(fù)健康和減輕痛苦。護(hù)理需要是全球性的。
護(hù)理的本質(zhì)就是尊重人權(quán)，包括生存權(quán)、享受個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)及受尊重的權(quán)利。
護(hù)理不因年齡、膚色、宗教、文化、殘障或疾患、性別、國(guó)藉、政治、種族或社會(huì)地位而受限制。
護(hù)士為個(gè)人、家庭及社區(qū)提供健康服務(wù)，并與相關(guān)團(tuán)體互相協(xié)作提供服務(wù)。
THE CODE 道德準(zhǔn)則
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses has four principal elements that outline the standards of ethical conduct.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則由四項(xiàng)基本原則組成，是護(hù)士行為的職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Elements of the Code
準(zhǔn)則內(nèi)容
1. Nurses and people
護(hù)士與民眾
The nurses primary professional responsibility is to people requiring nursing care.
In providing care, the nurse promotes an environment in which the human rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs of the individual, family and community are respected.
The nurse ensures that the individual receives sufficient information on
The nurse holds in confidence personal information and uses judgment in sharing this information.
The nurse shares with society the responsibility for initiating and supporting action to meet the health and social needs of the public, in particular those of vulnerable populations.
The nurse also shares responsibility to sustain and protect the natural environment from depletion, pollution, degradation and destruction.
護(hù)士之基本責(zé)任是照顧那些需要照顧的民眾。
護(hù)士在提供護(hù)理時(shí)，要推動(dòng)建立一個(gè)尊重個(gè)人、家庭及社會(huì)人權(quán)、價(jià)值觀、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣及信仰的護(hù)理環(huán)境。
護(hù)士確保個(gè)人獲得作出同意護(hù)理及相關(guān)治療決定時(shí)所需的足夠信息。
護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)個(gè)人資料保密，并判斷可否分享資料。
護(hù)士與社會(huì)共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任，采取并支持行動(dòng)，滿足公眾特別是弱勢(shì)群體的健康及社會(huì)需要。
護(hù)士分擔(dān)責(zé)任，維持和保護(hù)自然環(huán)境，使其不致枯竭、免受污染、退化或破壞。
2. Nurses and practice
2. 護(hù)士與實(shí)踐
The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining competence by continual learning.
The nurse maintains a standard of personal health such that the ability to provide care is not compromised.
The nurse uses judgement regarding individual competence when accepting and delegating responsibility.
The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal conduct which reflect well on the profession and enhance public confidence.
The nurse, in providing care, ensures that use of technology and scientific advances are compatible with the safety, dignity and rights of people.
護(hù)士承擔(dān)護(hù)理操作的個(gè)人義務(wù)與責(zé)任的護(hù)士，有義務(wù)和責(zé)任通過(guò)不斷學(xué)習(xí)保持自己的專業(yè)能力。
護(hù)士要保持個(gè)人健康，確保護(hù)理能力不受損害。
護(hù)士根據(jù)個(gè)人能力接受或授權(quán)責(zé)任。
護(hù)士時(shí)刻保持良好的專業(yè)形象，增強(qiáng)公眾信任。
護(hù)士在護(hù)理時(shí)確保先進(jìn)科技的應(yīng)用符合民眾的安全、尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利需要。
3. Nurses and the profession
護(hù)士與專業(yè)
The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice, management, research and education.
The nurse is active in developing a core of research-based professional knowledge.
The nurse, acting through the professional organisation, participates in creating and maintaining equitable social and economic working conditions in nursing.
護(hù)士是決定和實(shí)施公認(rèn)的臨床護(hù)理、管理、科研和教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的主導(dǎo)者。
護(hù)士要積極建立以科研為基礎(chǔ)的專業(yè)知識(shí)體系。
護(hù)士通過(guò)專業(yè)團(tuán)體參與建立和維護(hù)護(hù)理領(lǐng)域公平的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)工作條件。
4. Nurses and co-workers
護(hù)士與合作者
The nurse sustains a co-operative relationship with co-workers in nursing and other fields. The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard individuals when their care is endangered by a co-worker or any other person.
護(hù)士與護(hù)理及其他領(lǐng)域的合作者保持合作關(guān)系。當(dāng)護(hù)理受到合作者或其他人危害時(shí)，護(hù)士要采取適當(dāng)行動(dòng)保護(hù)護(hù)理對(duì)象。
Suggestions for use of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則實(shí)施建議
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses is a guide for action based on social values and needs. It will have meaning only as a living document if applied to the realities of nursing and health care in a changing society.
To achieve its purpose the Code must be understood, internalised and used by nurses in all aspects of their work. It must be available to students and nurses throughout their study and work lives.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則是根據(jù)社會(huì)價(jià)值和需要制訂的行動(dòng)指南。它只有在不斷變化的社會(huì)中、通過(guò)護(hù)理及健康保健現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，才能發(fā)揮它的作用。
要達(dá)到這一目的，護(hù)士必須理解、接受準(zhǔn)則，并將其應(yīng)用到各項(xiàng)護(hù)理工作中。準(zhǔn)則必須貫穿于學(xué)生及護(hù)士的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活中。
Applying the Elements of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用
The four elements of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses： nurses and people, nurses and practice, nurses and co-workers, and nurses and the profession, give a framework for the standards of conduct. The following chart will assist nurses to translate the standards into action. Nurses and nursing students can therefore：
Study the standards under each element of the Code.
Reflect on what each standard means to you. Think about how you can apply ethics in your nursing domain： practice, education, research or management.
Discuss the Code with co-workers and others.
Use a specific example from experience to identify ethical dilemmas and standards of conduct as outlined in the Code. Identify how you would resolve the dilemma.
Work in groups to clarify ethical decision making and reach a consensus on standards of ethical conduct.
Collaborate with your national nurses association, co-workers, and others in the continuous application of ethical standards in nursing practice, education, management and research.
學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)則各要素的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
思考每項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的意義，考慮如何將準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用于護(hù)理領(lǐng)域中：實(shí)踐、教育、科研或管理。
與合作者和其他人討論準(zhǔn)則。
以特定經(jīng)歷為例，認(rèn)識(shí)職業(yè)道德所面臨的困境及準(zhǔn)則規(guī)定的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，找出擺脫困境的可能方法。
通過(guò)小組討論澄清職業(yè)道德決策，達(dá)成職業(yè)行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共識(shí)。
與本國(guó)護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)、合作者及他人合作，在護(hù)理實(shí)踐、教育、管理及科研中不斷應(yīng)用護(hù)理職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Dissemination of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
ICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的傳播
To be effective the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses must be familiar to nurses. We encourage you to help with its dissemination to schools of nursing, practising nurses, the nursing press and other mass media. The Code should also be disseminated to other health professions, the general public, consumer and policy making groups, human rights organisations and employers of nurses.
國(guó)際護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則必須為護(hù)士所熟知以發(fā)揮作用。我們鼓勵(lì)向護(hù)理學(xué)校、執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士、護(hù)理新聞機(jī)構(gòu)及其他大眾傳媒傳播準(zhǔn)則。準(zhǔn)則還應(yīng)向其他保健界人士、普通大眾、消費(fèi)者、決策機(jī)構(gòu)、人權(quán)組織以及護(hù)土雇主進(jìn)行傳播。
Glossary of terms used in the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
詞語(yǔ)解釋
Co-operative relationship A professional relationship based on collegial and reciprocal actions, and behaviour that aim to achieve certain goals.
Co-worker Other nurses and other health and non-health related workers and professionals.
Nurse shares with society A nurse, as a health professional and a citizen, initiates and supports appropriate action to meet the health and social needs of the public.
Personal health Mental, physical, social and spiritual well -being of the nurse.
Personal information Information obtained during professional contact that is private to an individual or family, and which, when disclosed, may violate the right to privacy, cause inconvenience, embarrassment, or harm to the individual or family.
Related groups Other nurses, health care workers or other professionals providing service to an individual, family or community and working toward desired goals.
合作關(guān)系 – 在平等、互利及特定目標(biāo)行為基礎(chǔ)上建立的專業(yè)關(guān)系。
合作者 – 其他護(hù)士及其他保健和非保健相關(guān)工作人員及專業(yè)人士。
護(hù)士與社會(huì) – 護(hù)士作為保健專業(yè)人士和普通公民，制訂和支持適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┮詽M足公眾的健康和社會(huì)需要。
個(gè)人健康 – 護(hù)士的心理、生理、社會(huì)和精神健康。
個(gè)人信息 – 在職業(yè)接觸中獲得、屬于個(gè)人或家庭私有的信息，一旦泄露，就可能違反個(gè)人或家庭的隱私權(quán)，給其帶來(lái)麻煩、困擾或傷害。
相關(guān)群體 – 向個(gè)人、家庭或社會(huì)提供服務(wù)，共同為預(yù)期目標(biāo)而努力的其他護(hù)士、健康護(hù)理人員及其他專業(yè)人士。