I．談判
Negotiation （Business Talk ） 談判
Compromise （ Meet half-way ） 折衷妥協(xié)
50 / 50 （ fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ） 折衷
Win-Win 雙贏
not a matter of percentage but principle
不是占多大比重而是原則問題
２．CONTAINER EXPORT PROCEDURE 出口集裝箱簡易出運程序
As EDI such as Cargo 2000, is more popular
nowadays and used by both the VOCC
and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no
longer widely used.
由于電子數(shù)據(jù)交換（如CARGO 2000）等在船公司和海關之間已相當普遍，書面的
托單已不如先前那樣廣為使用。
Ａ。 To ascertain service and freight rate that
are most appropriate from Carrier before
booking is made;
先向承運人（船公司）確認最為合適的服務與海運價，爾后再訂艙。
Ｂ。 Upon booking, Carrier is to reserve space and
deliver to shipper a shipping order
informing shipper of the number of the
container, which is to be fetched by
shipper at carrier’s container depot for their
own packing;
訂艙一經(jīng)確認，承運人應保留艙位并向托運人簽發(fā)托運單，告知有關集裝箱箱號，
由托運人自行前往承運人指定集裝箱堆場提箱，裝箱。
Ｃ。 Shipper is to pack the container in full load
at his plant or at his place of business
托運人則在其工廠或業(yè)務場所進行整箱裝箱。
Ｄ。 Customs inspection is made ex-works before
the container is locked and sealed ;
裝箱后經(jīng)由海關檢驗，鎖妥、加封、出廠。
Ｅ。 Shipper to send it to CY ； Customs inspection
can also be made at CY of the sent
container before it is finally sealed;
托運人將集裝箱送到港區(qū)CY（集裝箱堆場）；
海關檢驗亦可在港區(qū)CY進行，驗妥后最終加封。
Ｆ。 Receiving clerk who is from the carrier or
the carrier’s agent, at the dock is to
receive the shipping order which will be
exchanged for a dock receipt when the
container has been delivered to the dock in
order.
承運人（船公司）碼頭現(xiàn)場接載人員或船舶代理接收托運單，經(jīng)檢查集裝箱外表
完好無損后，將場站收據(jù)交予托運方。
Ｇ。 With the dock receipt shipper is to change
for B/L before the carrying vessel sails
托運人于訂艙船舶開航前，至承運人（船公司）處憑場站收據(jù)換取提單。
Ｈ。 Shipper is to advise consignee of the
effectuation of shipment
托運人通知收貨人，貨載已出運。
３．Shipping-related Terms 航運有關術(shù)語
A. 承運人
Shipping Lines 航運公司
Common carriers 公共承運人
OCC Ocean Common Carrier 遠洋公共承運人
VOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承運人
Vessel Sharing Carriers 共用艙位承運人
NVOCC 無船承運人
Master NVOCC 主裝無船承運人
Tendering NVOCC 交運貨物的無船承運人
Contract NVOCC 簽約無船承運人
MTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人
An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the
conveyance of cargo
entrusted to him from the point of shipment to
the place of delivery,
documentation and arrangements with
sub-contractors at various
breaking points to facilitate expeditious
movement of cargo. In most
cases it is necessary for him to appoint agents
or correspondents at
various points or even maintain subsidiary
concerns at important
transshipping points to attend to all the work
necessary in connection
with the movement of cargo. He assumes
responsibility for the
performance of the contract.
MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海運碼頭經(jīng)營者
Vessel Operation MTO 經(jīng)營多式聯(lián)運的船舶承運人
NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/
airline operator/freight forwarder 不營運船舶的多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人
Controlled Carrier 受控承運人
Rates must be “just and reasonable” -
compensatory.
運價必須是”公正的和合理的“－具有補償性的
30 days notice required to increase or reduce
tariff rates.
運價的上漲和下調(diào)登記30天后生效
Conference Carrier 公會承運人
Independent carriers 獨立承運人
9th largest carrier serving the US 美線第9大承運人
Consortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources
in a trade lane
to maximize their resources effectively ) 聯(lián)盟
Alliance 聯(lián)盟
Ｂ. 競爭
Competitors 競爭對手
Player 競爭參與者（對手）
Foreclose from 。。排斥在外
To preserve legitimate competition among all
common carriers
保持公共承運人之間的合法競爭
C. 運輸模式、網(wǎng)絡
Transportation Network 運輸網(wǎng)絡
Pendulum Service 鐘擺式服務模式
Loop Service 環(huán)扣式服務模式
Trunk Service / Line 干線
Feeder Service vessel employed in normally short
sea routes to fetch or carry
goods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels
支線
Common Feeder 公共支線
Coastal Transport 沿海運輸
Barge / Lighter 駁船
D. 船
Self-owned Vessels 自有船
Time-chartered Vessels 期租船
Inbound Vessel / Homebound 進口（回程）船
Outgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船
Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a
published sailing schedule 班輪
Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a
container 箱位
E. 航班 / 次
A weekly sailing 周班
A fixed day sailing 定日航班
A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班
A fortnight sailing 雙周班
A bi-weekly sailing 周雙班
A monthly sailing 每月班
On-schedule arrival / departure 準班抵離
Sailing frequency 航次密度
ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 預計到達時間
ETB Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 預計靠泊時間
ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge
預計開卸時間
ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 預計開裝時間
ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 預計離泊時間
The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to
change without prior notice。 船期/船舶如有變
更將不作事先通知
Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can
be accepted 截止申報時間
for a nominated sailing.
Cut-off time Latest possible time the cargo may
be delivered to 截關日
the vessel or designated point。
F. 港
Base Port 基本港
POD Port of Discharge （DPORT） / port of delivery
卸港
POD place of delivery 卸貨地
Port of Arrival / Departure 抵達 / 駛離港
POL Port of Loading （LPORT） 裝港
Port of Call 掛港
2nd Leg 第二掛港
FND Final Destination 交貨目的地
end of carrier liability where carrier delivers
the cargo to consignee
Skip Over 跳（甩）港
Change of port of call 改港
Optional Port 選擇港
COD Change of Destination 更改目的地（改港）
Deviate 彎（繞）港
Diversions the route of a shipment changed in
transit from that shown on B/L 彎港
Port congestion 壓港（港口擁擠）
Lay Time in Port 在港裝卸時間
G．碼頭
Intercoastal water service between points on the
Atlantic and
the Pacific Coasts 美國東西岸水路運輸
Intermodal movement of cargo or container
between motor，rail or water carriers 多式聯(lián)運
Port / Port 9 港口/碼頭（上港九區(qū)）
Dock 碼頭
Quay 碼頭
Terminal 班輪靠泊碼頭
Container Terminal also referred to as a
Container Yard (CY), A facility that
receives full export containers from one shipper
to loading
the vessel and delivers full import containers
to the consignee
after; it is the same location where ocean
vessels are loaded
& unloaded. 集裝箱碼頭
Wharf 靠泊碼頭
Jetty 突堤碼頭
STEVES Stevedores 碼頭工人
Docker 碼頭工人
Berth 泊位
Loading Berth 裝箱泊位
Quayside / Apron 碼頭前沿
Depot container freight station or a designated
area where empty
containers can be picked up or dropped off
集裝箱堆場/儲運站
Container Loading List 集裝箱裝船報
Bay plan 預配圖 / 集裝箱船積載圖（表）
Slot No。 艙位（號碼）
Pallet A platform with/without sides，on which
packages
may be loaded to facilitate handling 托盤
Stacking Yard 集裝箱堆場
Bay number 排數(shù)
Row number 列數(shù)
Tier number 層高數(shù)
L/W/H Length/Width/Height 長/寬/高
On Deck containers 甲板以上裝箱
Under Deck containers ( below ship containers)
甲板以下裝箱
The ratio of under deck and on deck containers
being 3 : 1 甲板上與艙內(nèi)箱位數(shù)量比3：1
Deck storage, normally treated as being stowed
under deck,
is definitely prone to accidents.
雖風險較大甲板裝箱仍應視同艙內(nèi)裝箱
The capacity utility rate 箱位利用率
Load Factor percentage of loaded containers
against total capacity
of vessel or allocation 裝船率（所裝箱量占全船箱位或口岸配額之比例）
TDR Terminal Departure Report 離碼頭報告
H．裝、拆箱
Pack/Stuff/Van （-ing） stowing cargo in a
container 裝箱
Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。
Also known as unstuffing，unpacking，unloading or
stripping 拆箱
Consolidation ( the combination of many small
shipments into one container ) 拼裝
CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to
show all details of cargo
loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual
and total), measurement,
markings, shippers, consignees, the origin &
destination of goods
and location of cargo within the container
集裝箱配載圖
Container Number the unique identification of a
container 箱號
Seal 集裝箱箱封
Container Seal Number the number of high
security seals provided by the carrier 箱封號
Locked and Sealed 集裝箱已鎖妥、封好
Partial Shipment 分批裝運
I．吊
Shore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊
Portainer 集裝箱岸吊
Mobile Crane 汽車吊
Fork Lift 叉車
Loading Platform 裝卸平臺
J． 保稅
Bonded Area 保稅區(qū)
Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保稅貨物
Bonded Warehouse 保稅庫
Caged stored at bonded warehouse 進入海關監(jiān)管
K． 集卡
Road Transportation 公路運輸
Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡
Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to
accommodate
containers moving over the road 集卡
Tractor 牽引車/拖頭
Low-bed 低平板車
Trailer 拖車
Transporter 拖車
DST Double Stack Train，capable of carrying 2 x
40’ 可裝2個高（雙層）的火車
Trucking Company 車隊（汽車運輸公司）
Haulage / Drayage 駁運/汽車陸運
Truck Transfer 汽車駁運
Axle load 軸負荷
Tire-load 輪胎負荷
Toll Gate 收費口
L． 船代
Shipping agent 船舶代理
Local shipping agent 當?shù)卮?BR> Handling Agent 操作代理
Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo
訂艙代理
Shipping Agency network 代理網(wǎng)絡
Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤（登輪）
Cargo Canvassing 攬貨
FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 貨代傭金
Brokerage / Commission 傭金
M． 供應
Procurement 采購
Ship-chandler 船舶供應商
Bunker Supplier 船舶燃料供應公司
Seamen’s Club 海員俱樂部
Travel Agency 旅行社
Couriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快遞
N． 訂艙
Booking 訂艙
Booking Note 訂艙單
Booking Number 訂艙號
Dock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt
of cargo at a pier 場站收據(jù)
M/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only
cargo, without freight and charges 艙單
Cable/Telex Release 電放
A Circular Letter 通告信/通知書
PIC Person in Charge 具體負責操作人員
The said party 所涉及的一方
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier
acknowledges that goods have been placed
on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the
requirements of a L/C On Board提單
Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on
intended vessel 漏裝箱
Missed Voyage Container 漏裝箱
Cancellation 退關箱
O．中轉(zhuǎn)
In bound vessel or cargo going to port of
discharge or final destination 進口
In transit 中轉(zhuǎn)
Transportation hub 中轉(zhuǎn)港
Strategically located hubs 地處戰(zhàn)略要地的中轉(zhuǎn)港
T/S Transshipping / Transshipment 轉(zhuǎn)運/轉(zhuǎn)口
MLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridge
cargo moving from/to an inland destination on
one B/L
from/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陸橋
Mislaid in transit 中轉(zhuǎn)途中錯卸
BP Base Port 基本港
Prompt release 即時放行
Permit for its unloading 允許卸船
PTT Permit to Transfer 中轉(zhuǎn)貨出港放行證
Transit time 航程時間 / 中轉(zhuǎn)時間
Cargo availability at destination in。。 貨物運抵目的地
Second Carrier （第）二程船
On carriage / second carriage 二程運輸
4． Service-related Terms 運輸條款相關術(shù)語
A. CY/CY (Y/Y) This CY to CY service means: 場到場
FCL/FCL Containers packed by Shippers off
Carrier’s
premises, and delivered to Carrier’s CY,
accepted
by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and unpacked off
Carrier’s premises, all at the risk and expense
of
the cargo.。。for pick up intact by consignee
B. CY/CFS (Y/S) This CY to CFS service means :
場到站
FCL/LCL Containers packed by Shippers off
Carrier’s
premises and Delivered to Carrier’s CY, Unpacked
by the Carrier at the destination port CFS, All
at the
risk and expense of the cargo 。。devanned by the
carrier for loose pick up
C. CFS/CFS (S/S) This CFS to CFS service means :
站到站
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed
by Carrier; To be unpacked by Carrier at
Carrier’s
destination port CFS; All at the risk and
expense of
the cargo。A kind of cargo movement by container.
Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by
carrier,
devanned by carrier at destination, and picked
up
loose at destination.
D. CFS/CY ( S/Y) This CFS to CY service means :
站到場
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed by
Carrier; Accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY
and Unpacked by Consignee off Carrier’s
premises;
All at the risk and expense of the cargo.
E. D/D Door to Door 門到門
Containers can be fetched by carrier at sender’s
place
by using lorries or rail cars and conveyed to
container
terminal for loading. At the other end of
journey the
container can be delivered at receiver’s place
upon arrival.
F. Co-Load(-ing) 套約拼裝
(1) The Combining of Cargo, in the import or
export foreign
commerce of the U.S., by 2 or more NVOCCs for
tendering
to the ocean carrier under the name of 1 master
NVOCC.
套約拼裝是指，美國外貿(mào)進出口業(yè)務中，2個以上NVOCC的
拼裝貨物以1個主裝NVOCC的名義交遠洋承運人出運
(2) Carrier engages in co-loading by tendering
cargo and/or
receiving cargo from other NVOCCs.
承運人從別的NVOCC處接運貨物進行套約拼裝
(3) When shippers’ cargo is tendered for
co-loading to other
NVOCCs the tendering NVOCC shall be liable to
the shipper
to the full extent provided in its Bill of
Lading and such Bill
of lading liability shall not be altered by
co-loading.
接受托運人貨物，爾后再跟別的NVOCC貨物拼裝，接載的
NVOCC對托運人貨物承擔其提單條款中所規(guī)定的所有責任；
責任的性質(zhì)不因套約拼裝而改變。
(4) Shippers are responsible for payment of
rates and charges only
to the extent that such rates and charges are
provided in this tariff.
托運人僅向接載NVOCC支付該NVOCC費率中規(guī)定的海運
費和其它附加費
(5) The carrier shall notify shippers that their
cargo has been
co-loaded by annotating each applicable Bill of
Lading
with the following statement ‘Cargo covered by
this Bill of
Lading has been co-loaded with cargo of ( names
of other
NVOCCs)
承運人應通知托運人其貨物已與。。。拼裝；注明該票提單
貨已與另一家NVOCC貨物拼裝。
(6) Carrier-to-Carrier Co-loading---carrier
engages in co-loading
under agreements with one or more other NVOCCs
承運人跟承運人拼裝------承運人可以按合約跟1個或者多個
NVOCC拼裝
(7) Shipper-to-Carrier Co-loading---when carrier
engages in
co-loading on a Shipper-to- carrier basis,
carrier is responsible
for the payment of all charges assessed by the
NVOCC to which
cargo was tendered.
Shipper is responsible for freight and charges
only to the extent
that such are set forth in this tariff.
托運人跟承運人拼裝------承運人做‘托運人跟承運人拼裝’時，
承運人應負責支付NVOCC所欄貨源的海運費和附加費。托運人
僅按其費率規(guī)定支付費用
A． Is the master NVOCC the responsible filing
party for all bills of
lading in a co-loaded container ?
套約拼裝箱所有的提單貨是否都由主裝的那家NVOCC負責報備？
答：目前美國海關邊防總署給‘ master NVOCC （主裝NVOCC） ’
下的定義是：負責將箱子交由船舶承運人運輸?shù)腘VOCC。具有自動
申報的主裝NVOCC負責為不具備自動申報各方貨物的報備。而不具
備自動申報條件的主裝NVOCC則負責為不具備自動申報的各裝家
向承運人提供書面的貨物申報單。
B． If all the NVOCCs in a co-loaded box are
‘a(chǎn)utomated’, can each
NVOCC file the information needed from its own
bills of lading in AMS ?
套約拼裝箱各家NVOCC都具備自動申報能力，是否每家都可以通過
AMS各自報備自己提單貨物的信息 ？
答：具備自動申報條件的主裝NVOCC負責為向其提供書面申報的各家報備。
具有自動申報能力的NVOCC參與拼裝必須通過AMS系統(tǒng)直接向美國
海關邊防總署報備。不具備自動申報能力的NVOCC應向主裝NVOCC
提供貨物申報信息，由其再將信息傳送致美國海關邊防總署。不具備自
動申報條件的NVOCC在與一家具備自動申報能力的主裝NVOCC拼
裝時，不許將貨物申報信息提供給船舶經(jīng)營人。
C． If each NVOCC can file, does the vessel
carrier need to know how
many NVOCCs are obliged to file in AMS for a
container it is loading
and transporting, and how would it know this ?
Will each co-loading
NVOCC have to list the vessel carrier as the
Second Notify Party for its
filing to be acceptable ?
如果每家NVOCC都可以報備，船舶承運人有無必要知道它
所承運的拼裝箱內(nèi)到底有多少家是通過AMS報備 ？怎樣才
能夠知道 ？是否參與拼裝的每家NVOCC都要把船舶承運人
列為第二通知方報備方可接受 ？
答：具備自動申報能力的NVOCC應報備所有提單貨物信息的全部
數(shù)據(jù)并將船舶承運人列為第二通知方。AMS系統(tǒng)不會通知船舶
承運人拼裝箱內(nèi)到底有多少家NVOCC。即便是船舶承運人需
要了解，通過AMS系統(tǒng)也無從獲得。很多承運人繕制表格讓
具備自動申報條件的NVOCC填寫，表格即可顯示拼裝箱內(nèi)
有多少票提單貨以及提單號。
D． The commentary states that if a non-automated
NVOCC is
co-loading with an automated ‘master’ NVOCC, the
non-automated
NVOCC ‘must fully disclose and present the
required manifest for
their cargo to the automated NVOCC who would be
required to
present this information to CBP via vessel AMS.’
If the non-automated
co-loading NVOCC does not want to give its bill
of lading
information to the master NVOCC(a potential
competitor), but comes
to the vessel carrier to file its cargo
declaration information via
AMS, do the regulations permit this or is the
AMS filing only to be
done by the automated NVOCC ?
評論稱，如果一家非自動申報的NVOCC跟一家自動申報的主裝
NVOCC拼裝，前者必須將全部的艙單信息向后者公開，由后者
通過船舶的AMS系統(tǒng)向美國海關邊防總署報備。如果參加拼裝的
這家非自動申報NVOCC不想讓一起拼裝的主裝NVOCC（潛在競
爭對手）知道提單信息，直接找到了船舶承運人通過他的AMS系
統(tǒng)進行報備，規(guī)定是否可以允許這樣做 ？還是AMS報備必須要通
過具有自動申報的NVOCC來做 ？
答：請參看上述問題B）的回答。
What is lawful co-loading?
什么是合法CO-LOADING?
Two types:
二種類型：
Contract NVOCC issues its house bill of lading
to Tendering NVOCC (“shipper-to-carrier”
relationship).
簽約NVOCC向交運貨物的NVOCC簽發(fā)提單（“托運人與承運人”關系）
Contract NVOCC enters into co-loading agreement
with Tendering NVOCC
(“carrier-to-carrier” relationship).
簽約NVOCC與交運貨物的NVOCC簽訂CO-LOADING協(xié)議（“承運人與承運人”關系）
非法的貨物 CO-LOADING
Carrier Failure to deal with Contract NVOCC.
承運人繞開直接與之簽訂服務合同的NVOCC接貨
Shipping order submitted by Tendering
(non-contract) NVOCC.
托（運）單由交運貨物的NVOCC直接提供給承運人
Freight invoice issued to Tendering NVOCC.
承運人直接向交運貨物的NVOCC開具運費發(fā)票
Freight paid by Tendering NVOCC.
運費由交運貨物的NVOCC直接向承運人支付
Result: Violation of the Shipping Act.
結(jié)果：違反航運法
Carrier failure to confirm carrier-to-carrier
agreement between NVOCCs.
承運人沒有確定NVOCC之間的承運人與承運人協(xié)議
Must see copy of the agreement.
必須看到協(xié)議復印件
Such agreements are rare.
此類協(xié)議很少
Carrier may deal directly with Tendering NVOCC.
承運人可以直接與交運貨物的無船承運人打交道
Violation of Shipping Act if done knowingly.
Could occur in co-loading situation.
明知故犯地違反航運法可能在CO-LOADING情況下發(fā)生
NVOCC license may be revoked for: Failure to
maintain a bond; or A violation of the Shipping
Act.
由于以下原因無船承運人的營業(yè)執(zhí)照可能被吊銷：或沒有保持保證金處于有效；或違反航運法行為
IPI Inland Points Intermodal。Inland carriage by
another mode of transportation after discharge
內(nèi)陸點多式聯(lián)運
5。Rate-related Terms 運價、費收相關術(shù)語
Simplified rate structure 簡明的運價結(jié)構(gòu)
Clear service charges 清晰的費收標準
Transparent ocean freight 透明的海運運價
Ocean Freight 海運費
Sea Freight 海運費
Freight Rate 海運價
Charge / Fee （收）費
Dead Freight 空艙費
Dead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc.,
that is not utilized 虧艙
Surcharge / Additional Charge 附加費
Toll 橋/境費
Charges that are below a just and reasonable
level 低于正當合理的收費
The level compensatory to actual or constructive
costs 與營運加折舊成本相當?shù)乃?BR> Low rates are now in session。 現(xiàn)在處于低運價時期
Rates required to maintain acceptable continuity
能維持正常營運的運價水平
Quote/Quotation/Offer 報價
Market Price Level 市場價水平
Special Rate 特價
Rock Bottom Price 最低底價
Best Obtainable Price 市場價
Price making mechanism 運價制定機制
Rate making ( procedure ) 運價制定（程序）
Pricing System 制定運價體系
PP Freight Prepaid freight and charges are
required to be paid
by shipper before original B/L is released 預付運費
CC Freight to Collect 到付運費
Freight Payable At Destination 到付運費
Back Freight 退貨運費
Fixed Price 固定價格
IA Action independent action 獨自行動
Price Squeeze 運價擠壓
Comm. Commission 傭金
Rebate a return of part of the freight payment
回扣/折扣
Volume Incentive 箱扣（箱量回扣）
OCP Overland Common Point 陸路共通點
IPI Interior Point Intermodal 內(nèi)陸點多式聯(lián)運（服務）
Arbitrary Transportation to final destination
beyond base port
by feeder vessel or truck or other methods 內(nèi)陸中轉(zhuǎn)費
IHC Inland Haulage Charge 內(nèi)陸托運費
OCP Overland Common Point 內(nèi)陸點
OCP rates which are generally lower than local
train rates, were establishe
by the US west coast steamship companies in
conjunction with railroads serving
the western US, so that cargo originating or
destined to the American Midwest
and East would be competitive with all-water
rates via the US Atlantic and Gulf
ports. OCP rates are also applicable to eastern
Canada.
Drayage charge made for local hauling by dray or
truck 拖運費
TVR Time Volume Rate 時間箱量運價
TRI Tariff Rate Item 費率本運價品名
N.O.S. Not Otherwise Specified (in this tariff)
未作特別規(guī)定
SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge 上海港附加費
GRI General Rate Increase 運價上調(diào)
SGRI Second General Rate Increase 第二次運價上調(diào)
GRD General Rate Decrease 運價下調(diào)
TGRD Temporary General Rate Decrease 臨時運價下調(diào)
PSS Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加費
Wharfage A charge assessed by a pier against
freight handled over the pier 碼頭附加費
THC Terminal Handling Charge 碼頭操作附加費
ORC Origin Receiving Charge 始發(fā)接單費
CUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖車運費
IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S.
Inland Surcharge) 內(nèi)陸運輸附加費
ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集裝箱回空費
PCS Port Congestion Surcharge 疏港費
PCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿馬運河費
SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 蘇伊士運河費
TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 碼頭接運費
ACC Alameda Corridor User Surcharge All cargo
moving through the ports
of Los Angeles or Long Beach that is transported
by rail through or out of
Southern California, shall be subject to a
charge as specified in tariff.
南加州（洛杉機/長灘）鐵路轉(zhuǎn)運附加費
DDC Destination Delivery Charge （目的地卸貨費）
A charge assessed by the carrier for handling
positioning of a full container
OAC Origin Accessory Charge 始發(fā)港雜費
TWCS U.S. West-coast Congestion Surchage 美西疏港費
LABL Less Advance Booking Allowance （提前定艙優(yōu)惠價）
FAK Freight All Kinds （同一費率）
Terms for consolidated freight and require 2 or
more commodity items.
(Any item described as ‘Freight All Kinds’ shall
consist of a minimum
of 2 different commodity items. Further
restrictions to the item shall be
contained in the individual Commodity item. )
System whereby freight is charged per
container，irrespective of goods
and according to a tariff。
STC Said to Contain
A standard clause used to protect carrier for
cargo stuffed by shipper or
its agents。 詳見箱裝貨物 / 數(shù)量
WRS War Risk Surcharge 戰(zhàn)爭險附加費
BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加費
BKC （BC） Bunker Charge 燃油附加費
EBS Emergency Bunker Surcharge 緊急燃油附加費
EBAF Emergent Bunker Adjustment Facto 緊急燃油附加費
IFA Interim Fuel Adjustment 臨時燃油附加費
CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 幣值調(diào)整附加費
YAS （Japanese）Yen Adjustment Surchae 日元幣值調(diào)整附加費
RRS Revenue Recovery Surcharge
TCS Temperature Controlled Cargo CFS Service
Temperature Controlled Surcharge
COS Container Overweight Surcharge 集裝箱超重附加費
DHC Destination Handling Charge at US
ports/points 目的港/地操作費
HDS Hot Delivery Service 快速卸貨服務（日本港）費
DO FEE documentation Fee （document Fee） 單證費
AMS Advance Manifest Security Charge
MAF Manifest Amendment Fee 艙單改單費
C.O.D. Collect (cash) on Delivery 到付
Differential Rate An amount added on or deducted
from base rate to make 差額運價
a rate to or from some other point or via
another route。
6． Shipment-related Terms 貨載相關術(shù)語
FOB （Free On Board ） 裝運港船上交貨
CIF （Cost，Insurance and Freight） 成本加保險、運費
Liner Terms freight includes the cost of loading
onto and discharging from the vessel 班輪條款
Booking Instructions 訂艙要求
Direct Shipment 直接貨載
CL Container Load 集裝箱貨
FCL Full Container Load
FCL normally packed by shipper and conveyed to
CY 滿箱貨
LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱貨
normally sent to carrier’s CFS for consolidation
by carrier
Consolidated cargo : cargo containing shipments
of 2 or more shippers,
usually shipped by a firm called consolidator.
The consolidator takes advantage of lower
FCL , rates and savings passed on to shippers
拼裝貨
Cargo / Goods / Merchandise 貨物
Cargo Description / Description of Goods 貨物品名
Commodity 商品
Catalogue 產(chǎn)品目錄
Product 產(chǎn)品
By-product 副產(chǎn)品
Agri-Product / Agri-Produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品
Project Cargo 項目貨
Dangerous Used by IMCO for hazardous materials
posing a significant
risk to health，safety or property 危險品
Perishable Cargo subject to decay or
deterioration 冷藏貨
Unit Load packages loaded on a pallet or any
other way that enables them to be
Handled at one time as a unit 單位貨載（1大紙箱/1托盤）
FROB 過境貨
For prompt shipment 立即出運
Cargo Supplier （供）貨方
Upcoming Shipment 下一載貨
Same Assignment 同一批貨
Consignment 一票貨
Nomination Cargo 指定（指派）貨
Indicated / Nominated Cargo 指裝貨
Time-sensitive cargo 高時效要求貨物
Less time-sensitive cargo 低時效要求貨物
Shipments under B/L No。XXX XXX提單貨
Double-deck load A second tier of cargo placed
on top of the fir t tier 兩層疊裝
Dry Cargo cargo that does not require
temperature control 普貨（非溫控貨）
Awkward Cargo cargo of irregular size; requires
prior approval on a case by case basis 畸形貨
GDSM General Department Store Merchandise 百貨
Cargo Volume 貨量
Freight Volume 貨量
Reefer Cargo 冷凍貨
High-value Cargo （goods） 高價貨
To tender minimum cargo 提供最低限量貨物
Cargo Description 貨名
Miss Description 虛報貨名
Agreement Rate 協(xié)議運價
Market Report 市場報告
Market Share 市場份額
To obtain market value for the containers
集裝箱自身的市場價格
CKD Completely（car）Knocked Down 汽車散件
SKD Semi Knocked Down 汽車配件
D & H dangerous and hazardous 危險品
Revenue ton / Freight ton the greater weight or
measurement of goods where１ton
is either 1000 kilos or 1 cubic meter。Also known
as B/L ton。
It is used to calculate freight charge。 運費噸
Weight ton 重量噸
Measurement ton 容積噸
7． document-related Terms 單證相關術(shù)語
S/O Shipping Order
Usually for the same set of Shipping Orders,
there are a
number of copies with the same form and contents
but
with different names such as the 1st copy is
called Shipping
Order and remainders are called Shipping Order
Copy or
Dock Receipt for different purposes such as
space control,
surveyor and sworn measure, documentation.
As EDI is more popular nowadays and used by both
the
Shipper and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is
no longer
Widely used. 托（運）單
B/L Bill of Lading 提單
B/L Copy 提單副本
OBL Ocean Bill of Lading 海運提單
HBL House Bill of Lading 無船承運人提單
TBL Through Bill of Lading 全程提單
Advanced BL Advanced Bill of lading 預借提單
Anti-Dated BL Anti-dated Bill of Lading 倒簽提單
Blank BL Blank Bill of Lading 空白提單
‘To Order’B/L 指示提單
Combined Bill 并單（提單）
Separate Bill 拆單（提單）
Way Bill A document prepared by a shipping line
at the point of
shipment, showing the point of origin,
destination, route,
consignor, consignee, description of shipment
and amount
charged for the transportation service. A
waybill is forwarded
with the shipment or sent by mail to the agent
at the transfer
point or waybill destination. Unlike a B/L, a
waybill is not a
document of title. 運單
Straight B/L A non-negotiable B/L。the Pomerene
Act governs its
operation in the US。 記名提單
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier
acknowledges that goods have
been placed on board a certain vessel。Used to
satisfy
the requirements of a L/C On Board提單
Shipped B/L A B/L issued only after the goods
have actually been shipped
On board the vessel，as distinguished from the
received for
Shipments B/L 已出運的貨物提單
（On Board B/L； Shipped B/L 已裝船提單 ）
Received for Shipment B/L 備運提單
Transhipment B/L 轉(zhuǎn)船提單
Through B/L 聯(lián)運提單
Shipper（Consignee）Box 發(fā)（收）貨人欄（格）
Arrival Notice 到貨通知書
An advice that the carrier sends to the
consignee advising of goods
coming forward for delivery. Pertinent
information such as BL No.,
container No. and total charge due from
consignee, etc, are included
and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival.
This is done gratuitously
by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but
there is no obligation by
the carrier to do so. The responsibility to
monitor the transit and
present himself to take timely delivery still
rests with the consignee.
M/F Manifest document that lists in detail all
the Bs/L issued by a vessel
or its agent or master，ie，a detailed summary of
the total cargo 艙單
Batch Filing 批量報備
Manifest Discrepancy 艙單數(shù)據(jù)不符
Acknowledgement of Manifest Receipt 收到艙單回執(zhí)
Packing List 裝箱單
Cargo Receipt 承運貨物收據(jù)
D/R Dock Receipt 場站收據(jù)
D/O Delivery Order 交貨單（小提單）
A document authorizing delivery to a nominated
party of goods in
the care of a 3rd party。Can be issued by a
carrier on surrender
of a bill of lading and then used by the
merchant to transfer title
by endorsement。
Shipping Permit issued by a shipping
company，authorizing the receiving 船公司托（帶）運證明
clerk at pier/warehouse/on board to receive a
stipulated amount
of goods or materials from a specified
firm/client。
Shipper’s Export Declaration 貨主出口申報單
A customs house form, filled by the shipper of
goods to other countries.
Also called shipper’s manifest. It mentions the
marks, numbers,
quantity, description and value of the goods at
time and place of export.
There is a different definition in USA as ‘The
shipper’s export
declaration (SEDs) forms 7525-V and
7525-V-Alternate(Intermodal)
and the shipper’s export declaration for
In-Transit Goods, Form 7513,
are JOINT-BUREAU OF THE CENSUS-INTERNATIONAL
TRADE
ADMINISTRATION documentS used for compiling the
official
U.S. export statistics and administering the
requirements of the Export
Administrative Act.
Shipping Advice 裝運通知（似艙單 NVOCC用）
Manifest information 艙單信息
FCN Freight Correction Notice 艙單更改單（通知）
Surrender O B/L copies for consignment 交回提單副本
Release Note receipt signed by customer
acknowledging delivery of goods 貨物收訖單
8. Inspection-related Terms 檢驗相關術(shù)語
Customs Inspection 海關查驗
Commodity Inspection 商品檢驗
Tally 理貨
Tally Report 理貨報告
Check 查驗/檢查/核對
Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active
ingredient that is a
gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸
Animal / Plant Inspection 動植物檢驗
INSP Inspection / Inspector 檢驗/檢驗員
Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or
signed by a Chamber of
Commerce or Embassy ) （始發(fā)地）原產(chǎn)地證書
Arbitration 仲裁
FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空氣交換
The fresh air exchange system on a reefer
removes harmful gases
from perishable commodities. The fresh air vent
is adjustable to
accommodate a variety of cargo
Force Majeure 不可抗力
M/F FILING Manifest Fling 艙單申報
ACS Automated Commercial System 自動商務系統(tǒng)
A system of software programs between Customs
and brokers
to communicate. These programs are design with
the ultimate
goal of paperless transaction between Customs
and brokers
ABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS )
自動的報關行接口
Which permits transmission of data pertaining to
merchandise
being imported into the United States.
(Qualified participants include brokers,
importers, carriers, port
authorities, and independent data processing
companies referred
to as service centers.)
ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS )
自動清關
Which allows electronic funds transfer for
payment of estimated
duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise
AMS Automated Manifest System ( for
anti-terrorism ) 自動艙單（反恐）申報系統(tǒng)
An application that expedites the clearance of
cargo for the
subsequent release of containers when imported
to the U.S.
through electronic submission of cargo manifests
in lieu of
bulk paper manifests.
CSI Container Security Initiative 集裝箱安全防范措施
To address the threat terrorists pose to
containerized
shipping, Customs developed CSI.
為應對恐怖主義對集裝箱運輸。。推出
CSS Cargo Selectivity System 貨物抽驗
It is how Customs selects freight or
documentation to be
examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of
importer
and manufacturer or activities with certain
tariff numbers.
CTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against
Terrorism 海關貿(mào)易合作反恐條例
SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承運人標準數(shù)字編碼
CHB Customs House Broker 報關行
A company or individual licensed by US Customs
to do
business as an agent with US Customs House.
SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration
貨主出口報關單
A form required by Census Bureau for export
statistical
purposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME,
IRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, value and
Shipping details plus Freight terms.
SLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 貨主出口報關指示函
A carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L
instructions.
HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 國際貨物編碼
The international coding system for commodities.
BONDED WAREHOUSE 保稅庫
Warehouses approved by Customs for storage
and/or
manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due
when
goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No
duties
due if re-exported.
BONDED AREA 保稅區(qū)
BONDED GOODS 保稅貨物
QUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be
imported at either
higher or lower rate of duties. 進口配額
DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完稅
DDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完稅
DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight
is re-exported
or for similar circumstances 退稅金額
Customs fine 海關罰款
Customs seals 海關關封
Application for inspection 檢驗申請
To expedite the clearance 加快清關
Pilferage 盜竊/偷竊
War risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods
resulting from any act of war 戰(zhàn)爭險
To be liable for a penalty of 受到。。。處罰
To increase predictability 增強了可預測性
Non-fraudulent violation of the regulation
非故意違反規(guī)定
To file certifications with Customs 向海關申報有效證明
To follow the current procedure 遵循現(xiàn)行程序
To abide by 。。。rule 遵照。。。規(guī)定
To provide specific language 提供一定說法
To be not authorized 不予認可
9． Container-related Terms 集裝箱相關術(shù)語
fleet of containers 集裝箱箱隊
E/C Equipment control 箱管
TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of
1 twenty-foot container. ( 20’GP) 20尺標箱
FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot
equivalent equals （40’GP）
2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺標箱
Corner Fitting 角件
Corner Post 角柱
End Wall/Side Wall 端墻/側(cè)墻
Bull Ring（D Ring）cargo-securing devices mounted
in the floor of containers 箱內(nèi)穩(wěn)貨環(huán)
Container No。 箱號
Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for
locking freight car 箱封
Seal record a record of the number，condition and
marks of identification
on seals made at various times and
places，referring to the
movement of the container between origin and
destination 箱封檢查記錄
Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分撥運輸
SL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 貨主裝箱、點數(shù)
SP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 貨主裝箱、加封
SOC Shipper’s Own Container （SHIPPER OWNED CTN）
貨主自有箱
The maintenance of a sufficient quantity of
containers may be
expensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the
long run,
depending on the trade volume. In cases,
shippers may purchase
from the market the used container to send the
cargo with, just
for once and keep the container for a makeshift
warehouse
after its delivery or for some other use at
destination
COC Carrier’s Own Container（CARRIER OWNED CTN）
船東自有箱
From others’ point of view, containers for a
specific carrier’s use are all
called COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in
containers are also his COC.
Equipment change 換箱
GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干貨箱
DC Dry Cargo Container 干貨箱
Garmentainer 掛衣箱
GOH Garment on Hanger 掛衣箱
HC/HQ HI-CUBE （HIGH CUBE）Container Any container
which
exceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height， usually 9’6’’
高箱
40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱
40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺掛衣高箱
40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱費
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海運費計收
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )
FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱
OT Open Top 開頂箱
PF （Platform Container） 平板箱
RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱
COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER（FR 框架） 折疊式集裝箱
DG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危險品箱
Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which
oxygen, carbon dioxide and
nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well
as
temperature and humidity. 箱體內(nèi)氣體、溫度、濕度調(diào)控
Empties Empty containers are provided by ship
operators
to cargo owners at container depots. Appropriate
charges are made for the lease of their
ownership. 空箱
Genset a portable power generator, which convert
fuel into
Electrical power by mechanical means, and from
which
A reefer draws power. （手提式/輕便） 冷箱發(fā)電機
Power Pack 供冷箱用的小型發(fā)電機（可租用）
Container Cleaning 洗箱
VEN Ventilated 通風
FRZ Frozen 冰凍
HTD Heated 加熱
I.D. Inside Dimension 箱內(nèi)尺碼
Inside Measurement 箱內(nèi)尺碼
TW ( TARE WEIGHT ) The weight of an empty
container 箱子皮重
Container Leasing Co。 租箱公司
Equipment Exchange (Interchange) Receipt 設備交接單
Repositioning 集裝箱回空
Inventory Report 盤存報告
Sold Report 賣箱報告
Wear and Tear 正常損耗
Bend/Bow/Dent/Cracked 彎曲/壓彎/凹進/裂痕
One Way Free Use 單向免費使用
Container Leasing long-term / short-term lease
集裝箱租賃 長期 / 短期
Leasing Company 租箱公司
Repairing Company 修箱公司
Lift On/Off （吊）上車/下車費用
Drayage 短駁拖運
Master lease 總租賃
Trip lease/Return trip lease 航次/回程租賃
Round trip lease 往返租賃
Off-Hire Containers 退租箱
PTI （Pre-Trip Inspection） 冷藏箱預檢費
Payload 有效載重量/凈載重量
Cable sealing devices 繩纜式箱封設備
Europallet （ 800mm X 1200mm ） 歐（洲）式托盤
Standard pallet （1000mm X 1200mm ） 標準托盤
A 20’can hold 11 Europallets in 1 tier or 9-10
standard pallets
A 40’can hold 23-24 Europallets in 1 tier or
20-21 standard ones
Wooden pallets must be strong enough to allow
storage of 3 tiers when loaded.
Carton boxes must not overhang the edges of the
pallets.
Boxes which utilize less than 90% of the pallets
surface and do not align with the
pallet edge can shift in transit.
One-Way Lease that covers the outbound voyage
only，after which the
container is returned to the lease holder at or
near destination 單程租箱
Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace
material in carrier’s equipment 墊料
Slip Sheet 活動隔板
Normal / Chemical wash 清洗/化學清洗
Detention Charges raised for detaining container
at Customer’s
premises for longer period than provided in
Tariff 空箱滯箱費
Demurrage 重箱滯箱費
10. L/C Terms 信用證術(shù)語
L/C Letter of Credit 信用證
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment,
facilitating trade with
unknown buyers and giving protection to both
sellers and buyers.
為跟不了解的買方做貿(mào)易，采用信用證結(jié)匯十分方便，可以保護
買賣雙方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer
who instructs his
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor
of the seller for
the amount of the purchase.
先由買方指示其銀行開信用證，收款方開賣方
2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the
L/C to its
correspondent in the seller’s country, giving
instructions
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary,
the currency,
the documents required and other special
instructions.
買方銀行（開證行）將信用證開到其在賣方國家相應的議付行，
指示信用證金額，受益方，幣種，所需的單據(jù)文件以及其它
特殊要求
3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent
advises the seller
of the same immediately.
議付行收悉信用證后應隨即如實通知賣方
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank
and prepares for
the shipment of the buyer’s order.
賣方與議付行接洽后即準備出運買方的定單貨載
5. After shipment, the seller presents the
relative shipment
documents to the bank, which should be clearly
marked with
‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of
exchange (匯票) drawn
on the opening bank.
貨載出運后，賣方將相關的蓋有‘On Board MVxxx’字樣的
貨載單證連同帶有開證行抬頭的匯票一并交議付行
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the
seller when
documents presented are found to be in order.
議付行經(jīng)驗證賣方單據(jù)完整無誤后即向賣方結(jié)匯
7. The correspondent bank then sends all the
shipping documents to
the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to
the buyer, who
finally reimburses the correspondent bank
through the buyer’s bank.
議付行然后將所有的貨載單據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)給買方銀行，買方銀行再轉(zhuǎn)交給
買方；買方最終通過買方銀行向議付行支付
to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以滿足信用證要求
L/G Letter of Guarantee 銀行保函
L/I Letter of Indemnity 賠償保證書
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 開（信用）證行
Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行
Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
Negotiating Bank A bank named in the
credit；examines the documents
and certifies to the issuing bank that the terms
are
complied with。 議付行
11．Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms
檢驗，索賠，保險相關術(shù)語
Invoicing 開發(fā)票
T/T Telegraphic Transfer 電匯
A/C Account 帳戶
Appreciate 升值
Depreciate 貶值
Ditto/Do 同上
Credit Note 貸方通知單
Debit Note 借方通知單
Financial Responsibilities 財務責任
Capital Budget 資金預算
Cash Flow 流動資金
Balance Sheet 資產(chǎn)負債表
Statement of Account 對帳單
Amount Receivable 應收款
Account Payable 應付款
Accounting Dept。 財務處/會計科
CUR Currency 貨幣
PRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of
original invoice (代發(fā)票)
Consular Invoice 領事發(fā)票
documentary Credit 單證信譽
ALL RISKS （War，Strike，Riot，Mob not included）
全險（綜合險）
POLICY 保單
Insurance Premium 保費
We usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice
value. （貨運險）按發(fā)票金額的110%投保
The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金額計算方法
Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance
premium +
a percentage of profit on the sale of goods
the extra premium 其它險種保費
VOYAGE POLICY 航次保單
THE HAGUE RULES 海牙規(guī)則
Less risk of damage 受損風險小
Case 案例
Complaint 投訴
Justified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投訴
Dispute 爭議
Surveyor 檢驗師
Cargo Surveyor 商檢員/師
Surveyors Report 檢驗報告
Be （not）liable for the damage （不）對貨損負責
The damage was obviously attributed to defective
packing。 顯然是因包裝而造成貨損
Endorse 背書
Liquidated Damage 違約賠償金
Claim 索賠
Claimant 提賠方（人）
Irrespective of the result 不論結(jié)果如何
Within time limit 在規(guī)定期限內(nèi)
Penalty 處罰
High fines 重罰
To be found short （missing/damaged） 短缺（滅失/受損）
Final settlement of a claim 最終結(jié)案
Financial capabilities 財力
Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments
每季度付一次，8期付清
though the grand total was correct 雖說總計數(shù)沒錯
Confidential 保密
IMO International Maritime Organization 國際海事組織
IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods
Code
The IMO recommendations for the carriage of
dangerous goods by sea 國際海事組織危險品編碼
Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the
interpretation
of trade terms defining the rights and
obligation
of both buyer and seller 國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則
To recognize the validity of the comments
注意到這些說法的合理性
ECU European Currency Units。A financial unit
used for EC accounting 歐元單位
12． FMC-related Terms FMC相關術(shù)語
‘The United States government takes the position
that all practices
related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or
from the United
States are subject to the rules of the United
States government, even
though the practice occurs in China or in some
other place outside
The United States, and even though the Merchant
or agent never
goes to the United States.’
“美國政府的政策定位是凡‘中?！羞\的美國進出口貨物的運作均應受控于
美國政府有關政策規(guī)定，即使此類運作僅發(fā)生在中國或在美國以外的國家或
地方；抑或發(fā)貨人或其代理從來就沒有到過美國。”
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美國聯(lián)邦海事委員會
Enforcement Bureau FMC的執(zhí)行局
Coast Guard 美國海上警衛(wèi)隊
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美國海關邊防總署
ICB International Carrier Bond 國際承運人保證金
TIB Temporary Importation Bond 臨時進口保證金
For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary
basis
Surety 擔保 （保證金）
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information
System 自動費率報備系統(tǒng)
TARIFF（RATE）FILING 費率（運價）報備
AMENDMENT FILING 修改運價報備
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航運改革法
DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美國一家運價費率報備公司
Violations 違規(guī)操作
Penalty 罰款
Suspend a carrier’tariff 吊銷承運人運價本
Compel production of documents and answers to
questions
強行要求出具文件、單證；對所提問題作出答復
Entering into a S/C with 與。。。簽定服務合同
Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯
File a complaint 投訴
Operating under an un-filed agreement
按未經(jīng)報備的所謂合同進行運輸
Operating under an agreement that has yet to
become effective under law
按尚未生效的合約進行運輸
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the
Shipping Act regardless of intent
無論動機是好或是不好，錯定運價即是違反（84）航運法
Unreasonable discrimination or preference
不合理的歧視和偏袒
Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒絕運輸
Retaliation 報復
Monitor Carrier Rates 監(jiān)督承運人運價
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination
among shippers.
目的－保護托運人免受不合理的歧視
Require publication of tariff rates.
要求公布運價本
有船承運人和無船承運人
Require filing of confidential service contract
rates.
要求對保密性的服務合同運價登記
FMC does not approve rates.
FMC不對運價進行審批
Exception: controlled carriers.
例外：受控承運人
Petitioner request the Commission to determine
whether CSA’s members have violated
the Shipping Act through discriminatory service
contracting and rating practices in the
Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate
against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
控方請求海事委員會裁定‘加勒比船東協(xié)會’成員公司采取簽署旨在歧視遠洋運輸
中介的服務合同和確定運價的做法是否違反了航運法第10節(jié)。。。
NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to
transport their shipments, approximately
90% of which move under service contracts.
遠洋運輸中介中的無船承運人得依靠成員公司承運貨載，大約90%的貨是采用服務合同運輸?shù)摹?BR> Petitioner asserts that the member lines’
service contract offers to NVOs have
Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK
and GDSM, thereby depriving
NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for
full container load (FCL), single
commodity shipments.
控方認為公會成員公司給NVO簽署的服務合同，僅保留了FAK和GDSM運價，
其它所有貨種的運價都被取消，從而剝奪了NVO賴以競爭的單一貨種的整箱貨
的基價。
Negotiation （Business Talk ） 談判
Compromise （ Meet half-way ） 折衷妥協(xié)
50 / 50 （ fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ） 折衷
Win-Win 雙贏
not a matter of percentage but principle
不是占多大比重而是原則問題
２．CONTAINER EXPORT PROCEDURE 出口集裝箱簡易出運程序
As EDI such as Cargo 2000, is more popular
nowadays and used by both the VOCC
and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no
longer widely used.
由于電子數(shù)據(jù)交換（如CARGO 2000）等在船公司和海關之間已相當普遍，書面的
托單已不如先前那樣廣為使用。
Ａ。 To ascertain service and freight rate that
are most appropriate from Carrier before
booking is made;
先向承運人（船公司）確認最為合適的服務與海運價，爾后再訂艙。
Ｂ。 Upon booking, Carrier is to reserve space and
deliver to shipper a shipping order
informing shipper of the number of the
container, which is to be fetched by
shipper at carrier’s container depot for their
own packing;
訂艙一經(jīng)確認，承運人應保留艙位并向托運人簽發(fā)托運單，告知有關集裝箱箱號，
由托運人自行前往承運人指定集裝箱堆場提箱，裝箱。
Ｃ。 Shipper is to pack the container in full load
at his plant or at his place of business
托運人則在其工廠或業(yè)務場所進行整箱裝箱。
Ｄ。 Customs inspection is made ex-works before
the container is locked and sealed ;
裝箱后經(jīng)由海關檢驗，鎖妥、加封、出廠。
Ｅ。 Shipper to send it to CY ； Customs inspection
can also be made at CY of the sent
container before it is finally sealed;
托運人將集裝箱送到港區(qū)CY（集裝箱堆場）；
海關檢驗亦可在港區(qū)CY進行，驗妥后最終加封。
Ｆ。 Receiving clerk who is from the carrier or
the carrier’s agent, at the dock is to
receive the shipping order which will be
exchanged for a dock receipt when the
container has been delivered to the dock in
order.
承運人（船公司）碼頭現(xiàn)場接載人員或船舶代理接收托運單，經(jīng)檢查集裝箱外表
完好無損后，將場站收據(jù)交予托運方。
Ｇ。 With the dock receipt shipper is to change
for B/L before the carrying vessel sails
托運人于訂艙船舶開航前，至承運人（船公司）處憑場站收據(jù)換取提單。
Ｈ。 Shipper is to advise consignee of the
effectuation of shipment
托運人通知收貨人，貨載已出運。
３．Shipping-related Terms 航運有關術(shù)語
A. 承運人
Shipping Lines 航運公司
Common carriers 公共承運人
OCC Ocean Common Carrier 遠洋公共承運人
VOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承運人
Vessel Sharing Carriers 共用艙位承運人
NVOCC 無船承運人
Master NVOCC 主裝無船承運人
Tendering NVOCC 交運貨物的無船承運人
Contract NVOCC 簽約無船承運人
MTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人
An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the
conveyance of cargo
entrusted to him from the point of shipment to
the place of delivery,
documentation and arrangements with
sub-contractors at various
breaking points to facilitate expeditious
movement of cargo. In most
cases it is necessary for him to appoint agents
or correspondents at
various points or even maintain subsidiary
concerns at important
transshipping points to attend to all the work
necessary in connection
with the movement of cargo. He assumes
responsibility for the
performance of the contract.
MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海運碼頭經(jīng)營者
Vessel Operation MTO 經(jīng)營多式聯(lián)運的船舶承運人
NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/
airline operator/freight forwarder 不營運船舶的多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人
Controlled Carrier 受控承運人
Rates must be “just and reasonable” -
compensatory.
運價必須是”公正的和合理的“－具有補償性的
30 days notice required to increase or reduce
tariff rates.
運價的上漲和下調(diào)登記30天后生效
Conference Carrier 公會承運人
Independent carriers 獨立承運人
9th largest carrier serving the US 美線第9大承運人
Consortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources
in a trade lane
to maximize their resources effectively ) 聯(lián)盟
Alliance 聯(lián)盟
Ｂ. 競爭
Competitors 競爭對手
Player 競爭參與者（對手）
Foreclose from 。。排斥在外
To preserve legitimate competition among all
common carriers
保持公共承運人之間的合法競爭
C. 運輸模式、網(wǎng)絡
Transportation Network 運輸網(wǎng)絡
Pendulum Service 鐘擺式服務模式
Loop Service 環(huán)扣式服務模式
Trunk Service / Line 干線
Feeder Service vessel employed in normally short
sea routes to fetch or carry
goods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels
支線
Common Feeder 公共支線
Coastal Transport 沿海運輸
Barge / Lighter 駁船
D. 船
Self-owned Vessels 自有船
Time-chartered Vessels 期租船
Inbound Vessel / Homebound 進口（回程）船
Outgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船
Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a
published sailing schedule 班輪
Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a
container 箱位
E. 航班 / 次
A weekly sailing 周班
A fixed day sailing 定日航班
A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班
A fortnight sailing 雙周班
A bi-weekly sailing 周雙班
A monthly sailing 每月班
On-schedule arrival / departure 準班抵離
Sailing frequency 航次密度
ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 預計到達時間
ETB Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 預計靠泊時間
ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge
預計開卸時間
ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 預計開裝時間
ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 預計離泊時間
The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to
change without prior notice。 船期/船舶如有變
更將不作事先通知
Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can
be accepted 截止申報時間
for a nominated sailing.
Cut-off time Latest possible time the cargo may
be delivered to 截關日
the vessel or designated point。
F. 港
Base Port 基本港
POD Port of Discharge （DPORT） / port of delivery
卸港
POD place of delivery 卸貨地
Port of Arrival / Departure 抵達 / 駛離港
POL Port of Loading （LPORT） 裝港
Port of Call 掛港
2nd Leg 第二掛港
FND Final Destination 交貨目的地
end of carrier liability where carrier delivers
the cargo to consignee
Skip Over 跳（甩）港
Change of port of call 改港
Optional Port 選擇港
COD Change of Destination 更改目的地（改港）
Deviate 彎（繞）港
Diversions the route of a shipment changed in
transit from that shown on B/L 彎港
Port congestion 壓港（港口擁擠）
Lay Time in Port 在港裝卸時間
G．碼頭
Intercoastal water service between points on the
Atlantic and
the Pacific Coasts 美國東西岸水路運輸
Intermodal movement of cargo or container
between motor，rail or water carriers 多式聯(lián)運
Port / Port 9 港口/碼頭（上港九區(qū)）
Dock 碼頭
Quay 碼頭
Terminal 班輪靠泊碼頭
Container Terminal also referred to as a
Container Yard (CY), A facility that
receives full export containers from one shipper
to loading
the vessel and delivers full import containers
to the consignee
after; it is the same location where ocean
vessels are loaded
& unloaded. 集裝箱碼頭
Wharf 靠泊碼頭
Jetty 突堤碼頭
STEVES Stevedores 碼頭工人
Docker 碼頭工人
Berth 泊位
Loading Berth 裝箱泊位
Quayside / Apron 碼頭前沿
Depot container freight station or a designated
area where empty
containers can be picked up or dropped off
集裝箱堆場/儲運站
Container Loading List 集裝箱裝船報
Bay plan 預配圖 / 集裝箱船積載圖（表）
Slot No。 艙位（號碼）
Pallet A platform with/without sides，on which
packages
may be loaded to facilitate handling 托盤
Stacking Yard 集裝箱堆場
Bay number 排數(shù)
Row number 列數(shù)
Tier number 層高數(shù)
L/W/H Length/Width/Height 長/寬/高
On Deck containers 甲板以上裝箱
Under Deck containers ( below ship containers)
甲板以下裝箱
The ratio of under deck and on deck containers
being 3 : 1 甲板上與艙內(nèi)箱位數(shù)量比3：1
Deck storage, normally treated as being stowed
under deck,
is definitely prone to accidents.
雖風險較大甲板裝箱仍應視同艙內(nèi)裝箱
The capacity utility rate 箱位利用率
Load Factor percentage of loaded containers
against total capacity
of vessel or allocation 裝船率（所裝箱量占全船箱位或口岸配額之比例）
TDR Terminal Departure Report 離碼頭報告
H．裝、拆箱
Pack/Stuff/Van （-ing） stowing cargo in a
container 裝箱
Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。
Also known as unstuffing，unpacking，unloading or
stripping 拆箱
Consolidation ( the combination of many small
shipments into one container ) 拼裝
CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to
show all details of cargo
loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual
and total), measurement,
markings, shippers, consignees, the origin &
destination of goods
and location of cargo within the container
集裝箱配載圖
Container Number the unique identification of a
container 箱號
Seal 集裝箱箱封
Container Seal Number the number of high
security seals provided by the carrier 箱封號
Locked and Sealed 集裝箱已鎖妥、封好
Partial Shipment 分批裝運
I．吊
Shore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊
Portainer 集裝箱岸吊
Mobile Crane 汽車吊
Fork Lift 叉車
Loading Platform 裝卸平臺
J． 保稅
Bonded Area 保稅區(qū)
Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保稅貨物
Bonded Warehouse 保稅庫
Caged stored at bonded warehouse 進入海關監(jiān)管
K． 集卡
Road Transportation 公路運輸
Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡
Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to
accommodate
containers moving over the road 集卡
Tractor 牽引車/拖頭
Low-bed 低平板車
Trailer 拖車
Transporter 拖車
DST Double Stack Train，capable of carrying 2 x
40’ 可裝2個高（雙層）的火車
Trucking Company 車隊（汽車運輸公司）
Haulage / Drayage 駁運/汽車陸運
Truck Transfer 汽車駁運
Axle load 軸負荷
Tire-load 輪胎負荷
Toll Gate 收費口
L． 船代
Shipping agent 船舶代理
Local shipping agent 當?shù)卮?BR> Handling Agent 操作代理
Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo
訂艙代理
Shipping Agency network 代理網(wǎng)絡
Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤（登輪）
Cargo Canvassing 攬貨
FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 貨代傭金
Brokerage / Commission 傭金
M． 供應
Procurement 采購
Ship-chandler 船舶供應商
Bunker Supplier 船舶燃料供應公司
Seamen’s Club 海員俱樂部
Travel Agency 旅行社
Couriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快遞
N． 訂艙
Booking 訂艙
Booking Note 訂艙單
Booking Number 訂艙號
Dock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt
of cargo at a pier 場站收據(jù)
M/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only
cargo, without freight and charges 艙單
Cable/Telex Release 電放
A Circular Letter 通告信/通知書
PIC Person in Charge 具體負責操作人員
The said party 所涉及的一方
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier
acknowledges that goods have been placed
on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the
requirements of a L/C On Board提單
Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on
intended vessel 漏裝箱
Missed Voyage Container 漏裝箱
Cancellation 退關箱
O．中轉(zhuǎn)
In bound vessel or cargo going to port of
discharge or final destination 進口
In transit 中轉(zhuǎn)
Transportation hub 中轉(zhuǎn)港
Strategically located hubs 地處戰(zhàn)略要地的中轉(zhuǎn)港
T/S Transshipping / Transshipment 轉(zhuǎn)運/轉(zhuǎn)口
MLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridge
cargo moving from/to an inland destination on
one B/L
from/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陸橋
Mislaid in transit 中轉(zhuǎn)途中錯卸
BP Base Port 基本港
Prompt release 即時放行
Permit for its unloading 允許卸船
PTT Permit to Transfer 中轉(zhuǎn)貨出港放行證
Transit time 航程時間 / 中轉(zhuǎn)時間
Cargo availability at destination in。。 貨物運抵目的地
Second Carrier （第）二程船
On carriage / second carriage 二程運輸
4． Service-related Terms 運輸條款相關術(shù)語
A. CY/CY (Y/Y) This CY to CY service means: 場到場
FCL/FCL Containers packed by Shippers off
Carrier’s
premises, and delivered to Carrier’s CY,
accepted
by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and unpacked off
Carrier’s premises, all at the risk and expense
of
the cargo.。。for pick up intact by consignee
B. CY/CFS (Y/S) This CY to CFS service means :
場到站
FCL/LCL Containers packed by Shippers off
Carrier’s
premises and Delivered to Carrier’s CY, Unpacked
by the Carrier at the destination port CFS, All
at the
risk and expense of the cargo 。。devanned by the
carrier for loose pick up
C. CFS/CFS (S/S) This CFS to CFS service means :
站到站
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed
by Carrier; To be unpacked by Carrier at
Carrier’s
destination port CFS; All at the risk and
expense of
the cargo。A kind of cargo movement by container.
Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by
carrier,
devanned by carrier at destination, and picked
up
loose at destination.
D. CFS/CY ( S/Y) This CFS to CY service means :
站到場
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed by
Carrier; Accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY
and Unpacked by Consignee off Carrier’s
premises;
All at the risk and expense of the cargo.
E. D/D Door to Door 門到門
Containers can be fetched by carrier at sender’s
place
by using lorries or rail cars and conveyed to
container
terminal for loading. At the other end of
journey the
container can be delivered at receiver’s place
upon arrival.
F. Co-Load(-ing) 套約拼裝
(1) The Combining of Cargo, in the import or
export foreign
commerce of the U.S., by 2 or more NVOCCs for
tendering
to the ocean carrier under the name of 1 master
NVOCC.
套約拼裝是指，美國外貿(mào)進出口業(yè)務中，2個以上NVOCC的
拼裝貨物以1個主裝NVOCC的名義交遠洋承運人出運
(2) Carrier engages in co-loading by tendering
cargo and/or
receiving cargo from other NVOCCs.
承運人從別的NVOCC處接運貨物進行套約拼裝
(3) When shippers’ cargo is tendered for
co-loading to other
NVOCCs the tendering NVOCC shall be liable to
the shipper
to the full extent provided in its Bill of
Lading and such Bill
of lading liability shall not be altered by
co-loading.
接受托運人貨物，爾后再跟別的NVOCC貨物拼裝，接載的
NVOCC對托運人貨物承擔其提單條款中所規(guī)定的所有責任；
責任的性質(zhì)不因套約拼裝而改變。
(4) Shippers are responsible for payment of
rates and charges only
to the extent that such rates and charges are
provided in this tariff.
托運人僅向接載NVOCC支付該NVOCC費率中規(guī)定的海運
費和其它附加費
(5) The carrier shall notify shippers that their
cargo has been
co-loaded by annotating each applicable Bill of
Lading
with the following statement ‘Cargo covered by
this Bill of
Lading has been co-loaded with cargo of ( names
of other
NVOCCs)
承運人應通知托運人其貨物已與。。。拼裝；注明該票提單
貨已與另一家NVOCC貨物拼裝。
(6) Carrier-to-Carrier Co-loading---carrier
engages in co-loading
under agreements with one or more other NVOCCs
承運人跟承運人拼裝------承運人可以按合約跟1個或者多個
NVOCC拼裝
(7) Shipper-to-Carrier Co-loading---when carrier
engages in
co-loading on a Shipper-to- carrier basis,
carrier is responsible
for the payment of all charges assessed by the
NVOCC to which
cargo was tendered.
Shipper is responsible for freight and charges
only to the extent
that such are set forth in this tariff.
托運人跟承運人拼裝------承運人做‘托運人跟承運人拼裝’時，
承運人應負責支付NVOCC所欄貨源的海運費和附加費。托運人
僅按其費率規(guī)定支付費用
A． Is the master NVOCC the responsible filing
party for all bills of
lading in a co-loaded container ?
套約拼裝箱所有的提單貨是否都由主裝的那家NVOCC負責報備？
答：目前美國海關邊防總署給‘ master NVOCC （主裝NVOCC） ’
下的定義是：負責將箱子交由船舶承運人運輸?shù)腘VOCC。具有自動
申報的主裝NVOCC負責為不具備自動申報各方貨物的報備。而不具
備自動申報條件的主裝NVOCC則負責為不具備自動申報的各裝家
向承運人提供書面的貨物申報單。
B． If all the NVOCCs in a co-loaded box are
‘a(chǎn)utomated’, can each
NVOCC file the information needed from its own
bills of lading in AMS ?
套約拼裝箱各家NVOCC都具備自動申報能力，是否每家都可以通過
AMS各自報備自己提單貨物的信息 ？
答：具備自動申報條件的主裝NVOCC負責為向其提供書面申報的各家報備。
具有自動申報能力的NVOCC參與拼裝必須通過AMS系統(tǒng)直接向美國
海關邊防總署報備。不具備自動申報能力的NVOCC應向主裝NVOCC
提供貨物申報信息，由其再將信息傳送致美國海關邊防總署。不具備自
動申報條件的NVOCC在與一家具備自動申報能力的主裝NVOCC拼
裝時，不許將貨物申報信息提供給船舶經(jīng)營人。
C． If each NVOCC can file, does the vessel
carrier need to know how
many NVOCCs are obliged to file in AMS for a
container it is loading
and transporting, and how would it know this ?
Will each co-loading
NVOCC have to list the vessel carrier as the
Second Notify Party for its
filing to be acceptable ?
如果每家NVOCC都可以報備，船舶承運人有無必要知道它
所承運的拼裝箱內(nèi)到底有多少家是通過AMS報備 ？怎樣才
能夠知道 ？是否參與拼裝的每家NVOCC都要把船舶承運人
列為第二通知方報備方可接受 ？
答：具備自動申報能力的NVOCC應報備所有提單貨物信息的全部
數(shù)據(jù)并將船舶承運人列為第二通知方。AMS系統(tǒng)不會通知船舶
承運人拼裝箱內(nèi)到底有多少家NVOCC。即便是船舶承運人需
要了解，通過AMS系統(tǒng)也無從獲得。很多承運人繕制表格讓
具備自動申報條件的NVOCC填寫，表格即可顯示拼裝箱內(nèi)
有多少票提單貨以及提單號。
D． The commentary states that if a non-automated
NVOCC is
co-loading with an automated ‘master’ NVOCC, the
non-automated
NVOCC ‘must fully disclose and present the
required manifest for
their cargo to the automated NVOCC who would be
required to
present this information to CBP via vessel AMS.’
If the non-automated
co-loading NVOCC does not want to give its bill
of lading
information to the master NVOCC(a potential
competitor), but comes
to the vessel carrier to file its cargo
declaration information via
AMS, do the regulations permit this or is the
AMS filing only to be
done by the automated NVOCC ?
評論稱，如果一家非自動申報的NVOCC跟一家自動申報的主裝
NVOCC拼裝，前者必須將全部的艙單信息向后者公開，由后者
通過船舶的AMS系統(tǒng)向美國海關邊防總署報備。如果參加拼裝的
這家非自動申報NVOCC不想讓一起拼裝的主裝NVOCC（潛在競
爭對手）知道提單信息，直接找到了船舶承運人通過他的AMS系
統(tǒng)進行報備，規(guī)定是否可以允許這樣做 ？還是AMS報備必須要通
過具有自動申報的NVOCC來做 ？
答：請參看上述問題B）的回答。
What is lawful co-loading?
什么是合法CO-LOADING?
Two types:
二種類型：
Contract NVOCC issues its house bill of lading
to Tendering NVOCC (“shipper-to-carrier”
relationship).
簽約NVOCC向交運貨物的NVOCC簽發(fā)提單（“托運人與承運人”關系）
Contract NVOCC enters into co-loading agreement
with Tendering NVOCC
(“carrier-to-carrier” relationship).
簽約NVOCC與交運貨物的NVOCC簽訂CO-LOADING協(xié)議（“承運人與承運人”關系）
非法的貨物 CO-LOADING
Carrier Failure to deal with Contract NVOCC.
承運人繞開直接與之簽訂服務合同的NVOCC接貨
Shipping order submitted by Tendering
(non-contract) NVOCC.
托（運）單由交運貨物的NVOCC直接提供給承運人
Freight invoice issued to Tendering NVOCC.
承運人直接向交運貨物的NVOCC開具運費發(fā)票
Freight paid by Tendering NVOCC.
運費由交運貨物的NVOCC直接向承運人支付
Result: Violation of the Shipping Act.
結(jié)果：違反航運法
Carrier failure to confirm carrier-to-carrier
agreement between NVOCCs.
承運人沒有確定NVOCC之間的承運人與承運人協(xié)議
Must see copy of the agreement.
必須看到協(xié)議復印件
Such agreements are rare.
此類協(xié)議很少
Carrier may deal directly with Tendering NVOCC.
承運人可以直接與交運貨物的無船承運人打交道
Violation of Shipping Act if done knowingly.
Could occur in co-loading situation.
明知故犯地違反航運法可能在CO-LOADING情況下發(fā)生
NVOCC license may be revoked for: Failure to
maintain a bond; or A violation of the Shipping
Act.
由于以下原因無船承運人的營業(yè)執(zhí)照可能被吊銷：或沒有保持保證金處于有效；或違反航運法行為
IPI Inland Points Intermodal。Inland carriage by
another mode of transportation after discharge
內(nèi)陸點多式聯(lián)運
5。Rate-related Terms 運價、費收相關術(shù)語
Simplified rate structure 簡明的運價結(jié)構(gòu)
Clear service charges 清晰的費收標準
Transparent ocean freight 透明的海運運價
Ocean Freight 海運費
Sea Freight 海運費
Freight Rate 海運價
Charge / Fee （收）費
Dead Freight 空艙費
Dead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc.,
that is not utilized 虧艙
Surcharge / Additional Charge 附加費
Toll 橋/境費
Charges that are below a just and reasonable
level 低于正當合理的收費
The level compensatory to actual or constructive
costs 與營運加折舊成本相當?shù)乃?BR> Low rates are now in session。 現(xiàn)在處于低運價時期
Rates required to maintain acceptable continuity
能維持正常營運的運價水平
Quote/Quotation/Offer 報價
Market Price Level 市場價水平
Special Rate 特價
Rock Bottom Price 最低底價
Best Obtainable Price 市場價
Price making mechanism 運價制定機制
Rate making ( procedure ) 運價制定（程序）
Pricing System 制定運價體系
PP Freight Prepaid freight and charges are
required to be paid
by shipper before original B/L is released 預付運費
CC Freight to Collect 到付運費
Freight Payable At Destination 到付運費
Back Freight 退貨運費
Fixed Price 固定價格
IA Action independent action 獨自行動
Price Squeeze 運價擠壓
Comm. Commission 傭金
Rebate a return of part of the freight payment
回扣/折扣
Volume Incentive 箱扣（箱量回扣）
OCP Overland Common Point 陸路共通點
IPI Interior Point Intermodal 內(nèi)陸點多式聯(lián)運（服務）
Arbitrary Transportation to final destination
beyond base port
by feeder vessel or truck or other methods 內(nèi)陸中轉(zhuǎn)費
IHC Inland Haulage Charge 內(nèi)陸托運費
OCP Overland Common Point 內(nèi)陸點
OCP rates which are generally lower than local
train rates, were establishe
by the US west coast steamship companies in
conjunction with railroads serving
the western US, so that cargo originating or
destined to the American Midwest
and East would be competitive with all-water
rates via the US Atlantic and Gulf
ports. OCP rates are also applicable to eastern
Canada.
Drayage charge made for local hauling by dray or
truck 拖運費
TVR Time Volume Rate 時間箱量運價
TRI Tariff Rate Item 費率本運價品名
N.O.S. Not Otherwise Specified (in this tariff)
未作特別規(guī)定
SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge 上海港附加費
GRI General Rate Increase 運價上調(diào)
SGRI Second General Rate Increase 第二次運價上調(diào)
GRD General Rate Decrease 運價下調(diào)
TGRD Temporary General Rate Decrease 臨時運價下調(diào)
PSS Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加費
Wharfage A charge assessed by a pier against
freight handled over the pier 碼頭附加費
THC Terminal Handling Charge 碼頭操作附加費
ORC Origin Receiving Charge 始發(fā)接單費
CUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖車運費
IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S.
Inland Surcharge) 內(nèi)陸運輸附加費
ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集裝箱回空費
PCS Port Congestion Surcharge 疏港費
PCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿馬運河費
SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 蘇伊士運河費
TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 碼頭接運費
ACC Alameda Corridor User Surcharge All cargo
moving through the ports
of Los Angeles or Long Beach that is transported
by rail through or out of
Southern California, shall be subject to a
charge as specified in tariff.
南加州（洛杉機/長灘）鐵路轉(zhuǎn)運附加費
DDC Destination Delivery Charge （目的地卸貨費）
A charge assessed by the carrier for handling
positioning of a full container
OAC Origin Accessory Charge 始發(fā)港雜費
TWCS U.S. West-coast Congestion Surchage 美西疏港費
LABL Less Advance Booking Allowance （提前定艙優(yōu)惠價）
FAK Freight All Kinds （同一費率）
Terms for consolidated freight and require 2 or
more commodity items.
(Any item described as ‘Freight All Kinds’ shall
consist of a minimum
of 2 different commodity items. Further
restrictions to the item shall be
contained in the individual Commodity item. )
System whereby freight is charged per
container，irrespective of goods
and according to a tariff。
STC Said to Contain
A standard clause used to protect carrier for
cargo stuffed by shipper or
its agents。 詳見箱裝貨物 / 數(shù)量
WRS War Risk Surcharge 戰(zhàn)爭險附加費
BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加費
BKC （BC） Bunker Charge 燃油附加費
EBS Emergency Bunker Surcharge 緊急燃油附加費
EBAF Emergent Bunker Adjustment Facto 緊急燃油附加費
IFA Interim Fuel Adjustment 臨時燃油附加費
CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 幣值調(diào)整附加費
YAS （Japanese）Yen Adjustment Surchae 日元幣值調(diào)整附加費
RRS Revenue Recovery Surcharge
TCS Temperature Controlled Cargo CFS Service
Temperature Controlled Surcharge
COS Container Overweight Surcharge 集裝箱超重附加費
DHC Destination Handling Charge at US
ports/points 目的港/地操作費
HDS Hot Delivery Service 快速卸貨服務（日本港）費
DO FEE documentation Fee （document Fee） 單證費
AMS Advance Manifest Security Charge
MAF Manifest Amendment Fee 艙單改單費
C.O.D. Collect (cash) on Delivery 到付
Differential Rate An amount added on or deducted
from base rate to make 差額運價
a rate to or from some other point or via
another route。
6． Shipment-related Terms 貨載相關術(shù)語
FOB （Free On Board ） 裝運港船上交貨
CIF （Cost，Insurance and Freight） 成本加保險、運費
Liner Terms freight includes the cost of loading
onto and discharging from the vessel 班輪條款
Booking Instructions 訂艙要求
Direct Shipment 直接貨載
CL Container Load 集裝箱貨
FCL Full Container Load
FCL normally packed by shipper and conveyed to
CY 滿箱貨
LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱貨
normally sent to carrier’s CFS for consolidation
by carrier
Consolidated cargo : cargo containing shipments
of 2 or more shippers,
usually shipped by a firm called consolidator.
The consolidator takes advantage of lower
FCL , rates and savings passed on to shippers
拼裝貨
Cargo / Goods / Merchandise 貨物
Cargo Description / Description of Goods 貨物品名
Commodity 商品
Catalogue 產(chǎn)品目錄
Product 產(chǎn)品
By-product 副產(chǎn)品
Agri-Product / Agri-Produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品
Project Cargo 項目貨
Dangerous Used by IMCO for hazardous materials
posing a significant
risk to health，safety or property 危險品
Perishable Cargo subject to decay or
deterioration 冷藏貨
Unit Load packages loaded on a pallet or any
other way that enables them to be
Handled at one time as a unit 單位貨載（1大紙箱/1托盤）
FROB 過境貨
For prompt shipment 立即出運
Cargo Supplier （供）貨方
Upcoming Shipment 下一載貨
Same Assignment 同一批貨
Consignment 一票貨
Nomination Cargo 指定（指派）貨
Indicated / Nominated Cargo 指裝貨
Time-sensitive cargo 高時效要求貨物
Less time-sensitive cargo 低時效要求貨物
Shipments under B/L No。XXX XXX提單貨
Double-deck load A second tier of cargo placed
on top of the fir t tier 兩層疊裝
Dry Cargo cargo that does not require
temperature control 普貨（非溫控貨）
Awkward Cargo cargo of irregular size; requires
prior approval on a case by case basis 畸形貨
GDSM General Department Store Merchandise 百貨
Cargo Volume 貨量
Freight Volume 貨量
Reefer Cargo 冷凍貨
High-value Cargo （goods） 高價貨
To tender minimum cargo 提供最低限量貨物
Cargo Description 貨名
Miss Description 虛報貨名
Agreement Rate 協(xié)議運價
Market Report 市場報告
Market Share 市場份額
To obtain market value for the containers
集裝箱自身的市場價格
CKD Completely（car）Knocked Down 汽車散件
SKD Semi Knocked Down 汽車配件
D & H dangerous and hazardous 危險品
Revenue ton / Freight ton the greater weight or
measurement of goods where１ton
is either 1000 kilos or 1 cubic meter。Also known
as B/L ton。
It is used to calculate freight charge。 運費噸
Weight ton 重量噸
Measurement ton 容積噸
7． document-related Terms 單證相關術(shù)語
S/O Shipping Order
Usually for the same set of Shipping Orders,
there are a
number of copies with the same form and contents
but
with different names such as the 1st copy is
called Shipping
Order and remainders are called Shipping Order
Copy or
Dock Receipt for different purposes such as
space control,
surveyor and sworn measure, documentation.
As EDI is more popular nowadays and used by both
the
Shipper and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is
no longer
Widely used. 托（運）單
B/L Bill of Lading 提單
B/L Copy 提單副本
OBL Ocean Bill of Lading 海運提單
HBL House Bill of Lading 無船承運人提單
TBL Through Bill of Lading 全程提單
Advanced BL Advanced Bill of lading 預借提單
Anti-Dated BL Anti-dated Bill of Lading 倒簽提單
Blank BL Blank Bill of Lading 空白提單
‘To Order’B/L 指示提單
Combined Bill 并單（提單）
Separate Bill 拆單（提單）
Way Bill A document prepared by a shipping line
at the point of
shipment, showing the point of origin,
destination, route,
consignor, consignee, description of shipment
and amount
charged for the transportation service. A
waybill is forwarded
with the shipment or sent by mail to the agent
at the transfer
point or waybill destination. Unlike a B/L, a
waybill is not a
document of title. 運單
Straight B/L A non-negotiable B/L。the Pomerene
Act governs its
operation in the US。 記名提單
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier
acknowledges that goods have
been placed on board a certain vessel。Used to
satisfy
the requirements of a L/C On Board提單
Shipped B/L A B/L issued only after the goods
have actually been shipped
On board the vessel，as distinguished from the
received for
Shipments B/L 已出運的貨物提單
（On Board B/L； Shipped B/L 已裝船提單 ）
Received for Shipment B/L 備運提單
Transhipment B/L 轉(zhuǎn)船提單
Through B/L 聯(lián)運提單
Shipper（Consignee）Box 發(fā)（收）貨人欄（格）
Arrival Notice 到貨通知書
An advice that the carrier sends to the
consignee advising of goods
coming forward for delivery. Pertinent
information such as BL No.,
container No. and total charge due from
consignee, etc, are included
and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival.
This is done gratuitously
by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but
there is no obligation by
the carrier to do so. The responsibility to
monitor the transit and
present himself to take timely delivery still
rests with the consignee.
M/F Manifest document that lists in detail all
the Bs/L issued by a vessel
or its agent or master，ie，a detailed summary of
the total cargo 艙單
Batch Filing 批量報備
Manifest Discrepancy 艙單數(shù)據(jù)不符
Acknowledgement of Manifest Receipt 收到艙單回執(zhí)
Packing List 裝箱單
Cargo Receipt 承運貨物收據(jù)
D/R Dock Receipt 場站收據(jù)
D/O Delivery Order 交貨單（小提單）
A document authorizing delivery to a nominated
party of goods in
the care of a 3rd party。Can be issued by a
carrier on surrender
of a bill of lading and then used by the
merchant to transfer title
by endorsement。
Shipping Permit issued by a shipping
company，authorizing the receiving 船公司托（帶）運證明
clerk at pier/warehouse/on board to receive a
stipulated amount
of goods or materials from a specified
firm/client。
Shipper’s Export Declaration 貨主出口申報單
A customs house form, filled by the shipper of
goods to other countries.
Also called shipper’s manifest. It mentions the
marks, numbers,
quantity, description and value of the goods at
time and place of export.
There is a different definition in USA as ‘The
shipper’s export
declaration (SEDs) forms 7525-V and
7525-V-Alternate(Intermodal)
and the shipper’s export declaration for
In-Transit Goods, Form 7513,
are JOINT-BUREAU OF THE CENSUS-INTERNATIONAL
TRADE
ADMINISTRATION documentS used for compiling the
official
U.S. export statistics and administering the
requirements of the Export
Administrative Act.
Shipping Advice 裝運通知（似艙單 NVOCC用）
Manifest information 艙單信息
FCN Freight Correction Notice 艙單更改單（通知）
Surrender O B/L copies for consignment 交回提單副本
Release Note receipt signed by customer
acknowledging delivery of goods 貨物收訖單
8. Inspection-related Terms 檢驗相關術(shù)語
Customs Inspection 海關查驗
Commodity Inspection 商品檢驗
Tally 理貨
Tally Report 理貨報告
Check 查驗/檢查/核對
Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active
ingredient that is a
gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸
Animal / Plant Inspection 動植物檢驗
INSP Inspection / Inspector 檢驗/檢驗員
Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or
signed by a Chamber of
Commerce or Embassy ) （始發(fā)地）原產(chǎn)地證書
Arbitration 仲裁
FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空氣交換
The fresh air exchange system on a reefer
removes harmful gases
from perishable commodities. The fresh air vent
is adjustable to
accommodate a variety of cargo
Force Majeure 不可抗力
M/F FILING Manifest Fling 艙單申報
ACS Automated Commercial System 自動商務系統(tǒng)
A system of software programs between Customs
and brokers
to communicate. These programs are design with
the ultimate
goal of paperless transaction between Customs
and brokers
ABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS )
自動的報關行接口
Which permits transmission of data pertaining to
merchandise
being imported into the United States.
(Qualified participants include brokers,
importers, carriers, port
authorities, and independent data processing
companies referred
to as service centers.)
ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS )
自動清關
Which allows electronic funds transfer for
payment of estimated
duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise
AMS Automated Manifest System ( for
anti-terrorism ) 自動艙單（反恐）申報系統(tǒng)
An application that expedites the clearance of
cargo for the
subsequent release of containers when imported
to the U.S.
through electronic submission of cargo manifests
in lieu of
bulk paper manifests.
CSI Container Security Initiative 集裝箱安全防范措施
To address the threat terrorists pose to
containerized
shipping, Customs developed CSI.
為應對恐怖主義對集裝箱運輸。。推出
CSS Cargo Selectivity System 貨物抽驗
It is how Customs selects freight or
documentation to be
examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of
importer
and manufacturer or activities with certain
tariff numbers.
CTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against
Terrorism 海關貿(mào)易合作反恐條例
SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承運人標準數(shù)字編碼
CHB Customs House Broker 報關行
A company or individual licensed by US Customs
to do
business as an agent with US Customs House.
SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration
貨主出口報關單
A form required by Census Bureau for export
statistical
purposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME,
IRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, value and
Shipping details plus Freight terms.
SLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 貨主出口報關指示函
A carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L
instructions.
HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 國際貨物編碼
The international coding system for commodities.
BONDED WAREHOUSE 保稅庫
Warehouses approved by Customs for storage
and/or
manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due
when
goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No
duties
due if re-exported.
BONDED AREA 保稅區(qū)
BONDED GOODS 保稅貨物
QUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be
imported at either
higher or lower rate of duties. 進口配額
DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完稅
DDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完稅
DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight
is re-exported
or for similar circumstances 退稅金額
Customs fine 海關罰款
Customs seals 海關關封
Application for inspection 檢驗申請
To expedite the clearance 加快清關
Pilferage 盜竊/偷竊
War risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods
resulting from any act of war 戰(zhàn)爭險
To be liable for a penalty of 受到。。。處罰
To increase predictability 增強了可預測性
Non-fraudulent violation of the regulation
非故意違反規(guī)定
To file certifications with Customs 向海關申報有效證明
To follow the current procedure 遵循現(xiàn)行程序
To abide by 。。。rule 遵照。。。規(guī)定
To provide specific language 提供一定說法
To be not authorized 不予認可
9． Container-related Terms 集裝箱相關術(shù)語
fleet of containers 集裝箱箱隊
E/C Equipment control 箱管
TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of
1 twenty-foot container. ( 20’GP) 20尺標箱
FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot
equivalent equals （40’GP）
2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺標箱
Corner Fitting 角件
Corner Post 角柱
End Wall/Side Wall 端墻/側(cè)墻
Bull Ring（D Ring）cargo-securing devices mounted
in the floor of containers 箱內(nèi)穩(wěn)貨環(huán)
Container No。 箱號
Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for
locking freight car 箱封
Seal record a record of the number，condition and
marks of identification
on seals made at various times and
places，referring to the
movement of the container between origin and
destination 箱封檢查記錄
Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分撥運輸
SL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 貨主裝箱、點數(shù)
SP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 貨主裝箱、加封
SOC Shipper’s Own Container （SHIPPER OWNED CTN）
貨主自有箱
The maintenance of a sufficient quantity of
containers may be
expensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the
long run,
depending on the trade volume. In cases,
shippers may purchase
from the market the used container to send the
cargo with, just
for once and keep the container for a makeshift
warehouse
after its delivery or for some other use at
destination
COC Carrier’s Own Container（CARRIER OWNED CTN）
船東自有箱
From others’ point of view, containers for a
specific carrier’s use are all
called COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in
containers are also his COC.
Equipment change 換箱
GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干貨箱
DC Dry Cargo Container 干貨箱
Garmentainer 掛衣箱
GOH Garment on Hanger 掛衣箱
HC/HQ HI-CUBE （HIGH CUBE）Container Any container
which
exceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height， usually 9’6’’
高箱
40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱
40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺掛衣高箱
40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱費
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海運費計收
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )
FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱
OT Open Top 開頂箱
PF （Platform Container） 平板箱
RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱
COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER（FR 框架） 折疊式集裝箱
DG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危險品箱
Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which
oxygen, carbon dioxide and
nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well
as
temperature and humidity. 箱體內(nèi)氣體、溫度、濕度調(diào)控
Empties Empty containers are provided by ship
operators
to cargo owners at container depots. Appropriate
charges are made for the lease of their
ownership. 空箱
Genset a portable power generator, which convert
fuel into
Electrical power by mechanical means, and from
which
A reefer draws power. （手提式/輕便） 冷箱發(fā)電機
Power Pack 供冷箱用的小型發(fā)電機（可租用）
Container Cleaning 洗箱
VEN Ventilated 通風
FRZ Frozen 冰凍
HTD Heated 加熱
I.D. Inside Dimension 箱內(nèi)尺碼
Inside Measurement 箱內(nèi)尺碼
TW ( TARE WEIGHT ) The weight of an empty
container 箱子皮重
Container Leasing Co。 租箱公司
Equipment Exchange (Interchange) Receipt 設備交接單
Repositioning 集裝箱回空
Inventory Report 盤存報告
Sold Report 賣箱報告
Wear and Tear 正常損耗
Bend/Bow/Dent/Cracked 彎曲/壓彎/凹進/裂痕
One Way Free Use 單向免費使用
Container Leasing long-term / short-term lease
集裝箱租賃 長期 / 短期
Leasing Company 租箱公司
Repairing Company 修箱公司
Lift On/Off （吊）上車/下車費用
Drayage 短駁拖運
Master lease 總租賃
Trip lease/Return trip lease 航次/回程租賃
Round trip lease 往返租賃
Off-Hire Containers 退租箱
PTI （Pre-Trip Inspection） 冷藏箱預檢費
Payload 有效載重量/凈載重量
Cable sealing devices 繩纜式箱封設備
Europallet （ 800mm X 1200mm ） 歐（洲）式托盤
Standard pallet （1000mm X 1200mm ） 標準托盤
A 20’can hold 11 Europallets in 1 tier or 9-10
standard pallets
A 40’can hold 23-24 Europallets in 1 tier or
20-21 standard ones
Wooden pallets must be strong enough to allow
storage of 3 tiers when loaded.
Carton boxes must not overhang the edges of the
pallets.
Boxes which utilize less than 90% of the pallets
surface and do not align with the
pallet edge can shift in transit.
One-Way Lease that covers the outbound voyage
only，after which the
container is returned to the lease holder at or
near destination 單程租箱
Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace
material in carrier’s equipment 墊料
Slip Sheet 活動隔板
Normal / Chemical wash 清洗/化學清洗
Detention Charges raised for detaining container
at Customer’s
premises for longer period than provided in
Tariff 空箱滯箱費
Demurrage 重箱滯箱費
10. L/C Terms 信用證術(shù)語
L/C Letter of Credit 信用證
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment,
facilitating trade with
unknown buyers and giving protection to both
sellers and buyers.
為跟不了解的買方做貿(mào)易，采用信用證結(jié)匯十分方便，可以保護
買賣雙方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer
who instructs his
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor
of the seller for
the amount of the purchase.
先由買方指示其銀行開信用證，收款方開賣方
2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the
L/C to its
correspondent in the seller’s country, giving
instructions
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary,
the currency,
the documents required and other special
instructions.
買方銀行（開證行）將信用證開到其在賣方國家相應的議付行，
指示信用證金額，受益方，幣種，所需的單據(jù)文件以及其它
特殊要求
3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent
advises the seller
of the same immediately.
議付行收悉信用證后應隨即如實通知賣方
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank
and prepares for
the shipment of the buyer’s order.
賣方與議付行接洽后即準備出運買方的定單貨載
5. After shipment, the seller presents the
relative shipment
documents to the bank, which should be clearly
marked with
‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of
exchange (匯票) drawn
on the opening bank.
貨載出運后，賣方將相關的蓋有‘On Board MVxxx’字樣的
貨載單證連同帶有開證行抬頭的匯票一并交議付行
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the
seller when
documents presented are found to be in order.
議付行經(jīng)驗證賣方單據(jù)完整無誤后即向賣方結(jié)匯
7. The correspondent bank then sends all the
shipping documents to
the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to
the buyer, who
finally reimburses the correspondent bank
through the buyer’s bank.
議付行然后將所有的貨載單據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)給買方銀行，買方銀行再轉(zhuǎn)交給
買方；買方最終通過買方銀行向議付行支付
to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以滿足信用證要求
L/G Letter of Guarantee 銀行保函
L/I Letter of Indemnity 賠償保證書
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 開（信用）證行
Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行
Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
Negotiating Bank A bank named in the
credit；examines the documents
and certifies to the issuing bank that the terms
are
complied with。 議付行
11．Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms
檢驗，索賠，保險相關術(shù)語
Invoicing 開發(fā)票
T/T Telegraphic Transfer 電匯
A/C Account 帳戶
Appreciate 升值
Depreciate 貶值
Ditto/Do 同上
Credit Note 貸方通知單
Debit Note 借方通知單
Financial Responsibilities 財務責任
Capital Budget 資金預算
Cash Flow 流動資金
Balance Sheet 資產(chǎn)負債表
Statement of Account 對帳單
Amount Receivable 應收款
Account Payable 應付款
Accounting Dept。 財務處/會計科
CUR Currency 貨幣
PRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of
original invoice (代發(fā)票)
Consular Invoice 領事發(fā)票
documentary Credit 單證信譽
ALL RISKS （War，Strike，Riot，Mob not included）
全險（綜合險）
POLICY 保單
Insurance Premium 保費
We usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice
value. （貨運險）按發(fā)票金額的110%投保
The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金額計算方法
Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance
premium +
a percentage of profit on the sale of goods
the extra premium 其它險種保費
VOYAGE POLICY 航次保單
THE HAGUE RULES 海牙規(guī)則
Less risk of damage 受損風險小
Case 案例
Complaint 投訴
Justified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投訴
Dispute 爭議
Surveyor 檢驗師
Cargo Surveyor 商檢員/師
Surveyors Report 檢驗報告
Be （not）liable for the damage （不）對貨損負責
The damage was obviously attributed to defective
packing。 顯然是因包裝而造成貨損
Endorse 背書
Liquidated Damage 違約賠償金
Claim 索賠
Claimant 提賠方（人）
Irrespective of the result 不論結(jié)果如何
Within time limit 在規(guī)定期限內(nèi)
Penalty 處罰
High fines 重罰
To be found short （missing/damaged） 短缺（滅失/受損）
Final settlement of a claim 最終結(jié)案
Financial capabilities 財力
Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments
每季度付一次，8期付清
though the grand total was correct 雖說總計數(shù)沒錯
Confidential 保密
IMO International Maritime Organization 國際海事組織
IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods
Code
The IMO recommendations for the carriage of
dangerous goods by sea 國際海事組織危險品編碼
Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the
interpretation
of trade terms defining the rights and
obligation
of both buyer and seller 國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則
To recognize the validity of the comments
注意到這些說法的合理性
ECU European Currency Units。A financial unit
used for EC accounting 歐元單位
12． FMC-related Terms FMC相關術(shù)語
‘The United States government takes the position
that all practices
related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or
from the United
States are subject to the rules of the United
States government, even
though the practice occurs in China or in some
other place outside
The United States, and even though the Merchant
or agent never
goes to the United States.’
“美國政府的政策定位是凡‘中?！羞\的美國進出口貨物的運作均應受控于
美國政府有關政策規(guī)定，即使此類運作僅發(fā)生在中國或在美國以外的國家或
地方；抑或發(fā)貨人或其代理從來就沒有到過美國。”
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美國聯(lián)邦海事委員會
Enforcement Bureau FMC的執(zhí)行局
Coast Guard 美國海上警衛(wèi)隊
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美國海關邊防總署
ICB International Carrier Bond 國際承運人保證金
TIB Temporary Importation Bond 臨時進口保證金
For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary
basis
Surety 擔保 （保證金）
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information
System 自動費率報備系統(tǒng)
TARIFF（RATE）FILING 費率（運價）報備
AMENDMENT FILING 修改運價報備
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航運改革法
DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美國一家運價費率報備公司
Violations 違規(guī)操作
Penalty 罰款
Suspend a carrier’tariff 吊銷承運人運價本
Compel production of documents and answers to
questions
強行要求出具文件、單證；對所提問題作出答復
Entering into a S/C with 與。。。簽定服務合同
Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯
File a complaint 投訴
Operating under an un-filed agreement
按未經(jīng)報備的所謂合同進行運輸
Operating under an agreement that has yet to
become effective under law
按尚未生效的合約進行運輸
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the
Shipping Act regardless of intent
無論動機是好或是不好，錯定運價即是違反（84）航運法
Unreasonable discrimination or preference
不合理的歧視和偏袒
Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒絕運輸
Retaliation 報復
Monitor Carrier Rates 監(jiān)督承運人運價
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination
among shippers.
目的－保護托運人免受不合理的歧視
Require publication of tariff rates.
要求公布運價本
有船承運人和無船承運人
Require filing of confidential service contract
rates.
要求對保密性的服務合同運價登記
FMC does not approve rates.
FMC不對運價進行審批
Exception: controlled carriers.
例外：受控承運人
Petitioner request the Commission to determine
whether CSA’s members have violated
the Shipping Act through discriminatory service
contracting and rating practices in the
Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate
against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
控方請求海事委員會裁定‘加勒比船東協(xié)會’成員公司采取簽署旨在歧視遠洋運輸
中介的服務合同和確定運價的做法是否違反了航運法第10節(jié)。。。
NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to
transport their shipments, approximately
90% of which move under service contracts.
遠洋運輸中介中的無船承運人得依靠成員公司承運貨載，大約90%的貨是采用服務合同運輸?shù)摹?BR> Petitioner asserts that the member lines’
service contract offers to NVOs have
Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK
and GDSM, thereby depriving
NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for
full container load (FCL), single
commodity shipments.
控方認為公會成員公司給NVO簽署的服務合同，僅保留了FAK和GDSM運價，
其它所有貨種的運價都被取消，從而剝奪了NVO賴以競爭的單一貨種的整箱貨
的基價。