我在這里說(shuō)的主謂一致并不是指單純的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象,而是在寫作中的具體應(yīng)用,這也是我為什么說(shuō)是實(shí)用基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的原因,大家都知道主謂一致的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)很多,我在這里只總結(jié)了寫作中最常用的幾點(diǎn):
(1) 當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式不受定語(yǔ)的影響,也就是說(shuō)無(wú)論定語(yǔ)中名詞或者代詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只和主語(yǔ)保持一致,在寫作中可經(jīng)常用到這一點(diǎn)??聪旅孢@個(gè)例子:
老師和同學(xué)們步行去那里。這句話怎么翻譯呢?我想很多人如果在寫作中想表達(dá)這個(gè)意思會(huì)翻譯成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.這樣的句子顯得有些單調(diào),如果應(yīng)用我們上面說(shuō)的這個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)時(shí),可以說(shuō):The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比較一下這2句話的差別,是不是第2個(gè)句子更有“檔次”些呢?但是如果第2個(gè)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is搞錯(cuò),不但提高不了分?jǐn)?shù),反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分,這一點(diǎn)一定要注意。
(2) 有些同學(xué)想增加文章的亮點(diǎn),會(huì)嘗試使用一些名詞性從句或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ),這種情況也要注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的準(zhǔn)確使用。名詞性從句或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)往往表達(dá)一種抽象概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式,看下面2句話:Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty.
(3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在寫作種也比較常用,這種句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該取決與主語(yǔ)中鄰近部分,看下面這個(gè)句子:Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV.
(4) 在議論文寫作中會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到“大量許多”,很多同學(xué)只會(huì)用many much這種簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá),我把它的短語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式總結(jié)一下供大家寫作時(shí)使用。
第一組:A large amount of,large amounts of (只修飾不可數(shù)名詞)
例句:A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
第二組:A large number of,large numbers of
第三組:A lot of,lots of
第四組:A large quantity of,quantities of.
第五組 many a ,more than one
例句:Many a way has been tried.
More than one example is necessary to make students understand
this rule clearly.
如果使用這組表達(dá)也要特別注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式,many a ,more than one做
定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),雖然表示復(fù)數(shù)概念但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
大家在寫作中可以靈活運(yùn)用這些表達(dá),為自己的文章添彩!
(1) 當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式不受定語(yǔ)的影響,也就是說(shuō)無(wú)論定語(yǔ)中名詞或者代詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只和主語(yǔ)保持一致,在寫作中可經(jīng)常用到這一點(diǎn)??聪旅孢@個(gè)例子:
老師和同學(xué)們步行去那里。這句話怎么翻譯呢?我想很多人如果在寫作中想表達(dá)這個(gè)意思會(huì)翻譯成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.這樣的句子顯得有些單調(diào),如果應(yīng)用我們上面說(shuō)的這個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)時(shí),可以說(shuō):The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比較一下這2句話的差別,是不是第2個(gè)句子更有“檔次”些呢?但是如果第2個(gè)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is搞錯(cuò),不但提高不了分?jǐn)?shù),反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分,這一點(diǎn)一定要注意。
(2) 有些同學(xué)想增加文章的亮點(diǎn),會(huì)嘗試使用一些名詞性從句或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ),這種情況也要注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的準(zhǔn)確使用。名詞性從句或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)往往表達(dá)一種抽象概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式,看下面2句話:Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty.
(3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在寫作種也比較常用,這種句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該取決與主語(yǔ)中鄰近部分,看下面這個(gè)句子:Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV.
(4) 在議論文寫作中會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到“大量許多”,很多同學(xué)只會(huì)用many much這種簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá),我把它的短語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式總結(jié)一下供大家寫作時(shí)使用。
第一組:A large amount of,large amounts of (只修飾不可數(shù)名詞)
例句:A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
第二組:A large number of,large numbers of
第三組:A lot of,lots of
第四組:A large quantity of,quantities of.
第五組 many a ,more than one
例句:Many a way has been tried.
More than one example is necessary to make students understand
this rule clearly.
如果使用這組表達(dá)也要特別注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式,many a ,more than one做
定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),雖然表示復(fù)數(shù)概念但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
大家在寫作中可以靈活運(yùn)用這些表達(dá),為自己的文章添彩!