請找出以下題目中的語法錯誤
1. In terms of physics， the characteristic feature of the roller coaster is the car's potential energy， gained through their being lifted by a chain drive through the Earth's gravity to the top of the first drop， have been converted to kinetic energy by the time the ride ends.
2. During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed to be “wilderness” by the newcomers， Native Americans， intimately knowing the ecology of the land， were a help in the rescuing of many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship， or even death.
3. Even the state have spent ten years and seven million dollars plan a reservoir along the Ubi River， the project will have to be abandoned because of the river becoming so heavily polluted.
4. Machines replacing human labor， there are wide anticipation that the workweek would continue to become shorter.
（A） Machines replace human labor， there are wide anticipation that
（B） When machines replaced human labor， there are wide anticipation
（C） As machines replaced human labor， it was widely anticipated that
（D） In so far as machines replaced human labor， it was widely anticipated
（E） Human labor being replaced by machines， there was wide anticipation that
5. Socrates could have fled from Athens after he was sentenced to death， but he refused to do it.
（A） Socrates could have fled from Athens after he was sentenced to death， but he refused to do it.
（B） After he was sentenced to death， Socrates might have fled from Athens， but he refused to do it.
（C） After he was sentenced to death， Socrates could have fled from Athens， but he refused to do so.
（D） Refusing to fled from Athens， Socrates could have done so after he was sentenced to death.
（E） Socrates could have fled from Athens but refused to after he was sentenced to death.
6. It is possible that Native Americans originally have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed between Siberia and Alaska.
（A） have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed
（B） were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that existed once
（C） migrated over a bridge of land to the Western Hemisphere that once existed
（D） migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed
（E） were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land existing once
7. As envisioned by researchers， commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round， taking advantage of off-season demand， standardize its sizes and colors， and to predict sales volume in advance.
（A） taking advantage of off-season demand， standardize
（B） taking advantage of off-season demand， to standardize
（C） taking advantage of off-season demand， standardizing
（D） take advantage of off-season demand， standardizing
（E） take advantage of off-season demand， to standardize
8. It is an oversimplified view of cattle raising to say that all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and to drive them to market when the time is ripe
（A） all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and to
（B） all one has to do with cattle is to leave them alone to feed themselves， to corral them， and
（C） all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves and then corral them and
（D） the only thing that has to be done with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and
（E） the only thing that has to be done with cattle is to leave them alone while they feed themselves， to corral them， and
9. In recent years cattle breeders have increasingly used crossbreeding， in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics and partly because crossbreeding is said to provide hybrid vigor.
（A） in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics
（B） in part for the acquisition of certain characteristics in their steers
（C） partly because of their steers acquiring certain characteristics
（D） partly because certain characteristics should be acquired by their steers
（E） partly to acquire certain characteristics in their steers
10. As the etched lines on computer memory chips have become thinner and the chips' circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic devices they drive have vastly increased.
（A） the chips' circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
（B） the chip's circuits more complex， the power of both the chips and the electronic
devices they drive has
（C） the chip's circuits are more complex， both the power of the chips and the
electronic devices they drive has
（D） their circuits are more complex， the power of both the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
（E） their circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
11. The computer software being designed for a project studying Native American access to higher education will not only meet the needs of that study， but also has the versatility and power of facilitating similar research endeavors
（A） but also has the versatility and power of facilitating
（B） but also have the versatility and power to facilitate
（C） but it also has the versatility and power to facilitate
（D） and also have the versatility and power of facilitating
（E）and it also has such versatility and power that it can facilitate
12. Teratomas are unusual forms of cancer because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone not normally found in the organ in which the tumor appears.
（A） because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone
（B） because they are composed of tissues like tooth and bone that are
（C） because they are composed of tissues， like tooth and bone， tissues
（D） in that their composition， tissues such as tooth and bone， is
（E） in that they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone， tissues
13. Proponents of artificial intelligence say they will be able to make computers that can understand English and other human languages， recognize objects， and reason as an expert does——computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan， or other purposes such as these.
（A） as an expert does——computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan， or other purposes such as these.
（B） as an expert does， which may be used for purposes such as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a loan.
（C） like an expert——computers that will be used for such purposes as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize loan.
（D） like an expert， the use of which would be for purposes like the diagnosis of equipment breakdowns or the decision whether or not a loan should be authorized.
（E） like an expert， to be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan or not， or the like.
14. Oberlin College in Ohio was a renegade institution at its 1833 found for deciding to accept both men and women as students.
（A） at its 1833 found for deciding to accept
（B） for the decision at its 1833 founding to accept
（C） when it was founded in 1833 for its decision to accept
（D） in deciding at its founding in 1833 to accept
（E） by deciding at its founding in 1833 on the acceptance of
15. During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added to the strain on the country's dept-ridden economy.
（A） During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added to
（B） During the 1980's it is estimated that approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico and added
（C） It is estimated that there was approximately $50 billion in private investment capital that left Mexico during the 1980's and added
（D） It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico， adding
（E） Approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated as having left Mexico during the 1980's adding
答案：4.C 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.E 10.B 11.B 12.E 13.C 14.D 15.D
1. In terms of physics， the characteristic feature of the roller coaster is the car's potential energy， gained through their being lifted by a chain drive through the Earth's gravity to the top of the first drop， have been converted to kinetic energy by the time the ride ends.
2. During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed to be “wilderness” by the newcomers， Native Americans， intimately knowing the ecology of the land， were a help in the rescuing of many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship， or even death.
3. Even the state have spent ten years and seven million dollars plan a reservoir along the Ubi River， the project will have to be abandoned because of the river becoming so heavily polluted.
4. Machines replacing human labor， there are wide anticipation that the workweek would continue to become shorter.
（A） Machines replace human labor， there are wide anticipation that
（B） When machines replaced human labor， there are wide anticipation
（C） As machines replaced human labor， it was widely anticipated that
（D） In so far as machines replaced human labor， it was widely anticipated
（E） Human labor being replaced by machines， there was wide anticipation that
5. Socrates could have fled from Athens after he was sentenced to death， but he refused to do it.
（A） Socrates could have fled from Athens after he was sentenced to death， but he refused to do it.
（B） After he was sentenced to death， Socrates might have fled from Athens， but he refused to do it.
（C） After he was sentenced to death， Socrates could have fled from Athens， but he refused to do so.
（D） Refusing to fled from Athens， Socrates could have done so after he was sentenced to death.
（E） Socrates could have fled from Athens but refused to after he was sentenced to death.
6. It is possible that Native Americans originally have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed between Siberia and Alaska.
（A） have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed
（B） were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that existed once
（C） migrated over a bridge of land to the Western Hemisphere that once existed
（D） migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed
（E） were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land existing once
7. As envisioned by researchers， commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round， taking advantage of off-season demand， standardize its sizes and colors， and to predict sales volume in advance.
（A） taking advantage of off-season demand， standardize
（B） taking advantage of off-season demand， to standardize
（C） taking advantage of off-season demand， standardizing
（D） take advantage of off-season demand， standardizing
（E） take advantage of off-season demand， to standardize
8. It is an oversimplified view of cattle raising to say that all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and to drive them to market when the time is ripe
（A） all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and to
（B） all one has to do with cattle is to leave them alone to feed themselves， to corral them， and
（C） all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves and then corral them and
（D） the only thing that has to be done with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves， corral them， and
（E） the only thing that has to be done with cattle is to leave them alone while they feed themselves， to corral them， and
9. In recent years cattle breeders have increasingly used crossbreeding， in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics and partly because crossbreeding is said to provide hybrid vigor.
（A） in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics
（B） in part for the acquisition of certain characteristics in their steers
（C） partly because of their steers acquiring certain characteristics
（D） partly because certain characteristics should be acquired by their steers
（E） partly to acquire certain characteristics in their steers
10. As the etched lines on computer memory chips have become thinner and the chips' circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic devices they drive have vastly increased.
（A） the chips' circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
（B） the chip's circuits more complex， the power of both the chips and the electronic
devices they drive has
（C） the chip's circuits are more complex， both the power of the chips and the
electronic devices they drive has
（D） their circuits are more complex， the power of both the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
（E） their circuits more complex， both the power of the chips and the electronic
devices they drive have
11. The computer software being designed for a project studying Native American access to higher education will not only meet the needs of that study， but also has the versatility and power of facilitating similar research endeavors
（A） but also has the versatility and power of facilitating
（B） but also have the versatility and power to facilitate
（C） but it also has the versatility and power to facilitate
（D） and also have the versatility and power of facilitating
（E）and it also has such versatility and power that it can facilitate
12. Teratomas are unusual forms of cancer because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone not normally found in the organ in which the tumor appears.
（A） because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone
（B） because they are composed of tissues like tooth and bone that are
（C） because they are composed of tissues， like tooth and bone， tissues
（D） in that their composition， tissues such as tooth and bone， is
（E） in that they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone， tissues
13. Proponents of artificial intelligence say they will be able to make computers that can understand English and other human languages， recognize objects， and reason as an expert does——computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan， or other purposes such as these.
（A） as an expert does——computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan， or other purposes such as these.
（B） as an expert does， which may be used for purposes such as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a loan.
（C） like an expert——computers that will be used for such purposes as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize loan.
（D） like an expert， the use of which would be for purposes like the diagnosis of equipment breakdowns or the decision whether or not a loan should be authorized.
（E） like an expert， to be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns， deciding whether to authorize a loan or not， or the like.
14. Oberlin College in Ohio was a renegade institution at its 1833 found for deciding to accept both men and women as students.
（A） at its 1833 found for deciding to accept
（B） for the decision at its 1833 founding to accept
（C） when it was founded in 1833 for its decision to accept
（D） in deciding at its founding in 1833 to accept
（E） by deciding at its founding in 1833 on the acceptance of
15. During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added to the strain on the country's dept-ridden economy.
（A） During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added to
（B） During the 1980's it is estimated that approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico and added
（C） It is estimated that there was approximately $50 billion in private investment capital that left Mexico during the 1980's and added
（D） It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico， adding
（E） Approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated as having left Mexico during the 1980's adding
答案：4.C 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.E 10.B 11.B 12.E 13.C 14.D 15.D