IV .單詞漢譯英 (Word Spelling)
一、題解
本題共 10 分，一共 20 個(gè)單詞，每個(gè)單詞 0.5 分，填錯(cuò)(或少寫、漏寫)字母不給分。本題主要考察書中出現(xiàn)的常用詞。
二、應(yīng)試技巧
熟練掌握單詞拼寫是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基本功。為幫助同學(xué)們做好這道題，特提復(fù)習(xí)建議如下：
1 .熟練掌握構(gòu)詞法。通過掌握構(gòu)詞法，可以減輕記憶的負(fù)擔(dān)，增強(qiáng)記憶的效果;要通過構(gòu)詞法的知識(shí)來分析每個(gè)生詞的構(gòu)成，可以加深印象，溫故知新。
2. 單詞學(xué)習(xí)以理解為基礎(chǔ)。既要掌握單詞拼寫，又要了解詞義、詞性。重要的是結(jié)合課文和典型的例句來學(xué)習(xí)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)生詞的理解和記憶。
3. 記憶單詞要日積月累。學(xué)完一課，要掌握一課的單詞。同時(shí)，根據(jù)遺忘規(guī)律，及時(shí)鞏固、復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的單詞，保持長久的記憶。
V. 詞形變化填空題 (word Form)
一、題解
這個(gè)題型主要考查動(dòng)詞的形態(tài)變化，也就是說，根據(jù)句子的實(shí)際情況將動(dòng)詞的原形變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问?。還包括少量的試題考查形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或高級(jí)的形式變 化，尤為重要的是幾個(gè)不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞。還可能考查名詞和代詞的詞形變化，名詞主要考查變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則、不規(guī)則變化;代詞有人稱、性、數(shù)和格的變 化，如何變化，要看代詞所代替的名詞的性質(zhì)及該代詞在句中擔(dān)任的成分而定。
二、應(yīng)試技巧
1 .熟練掌握動(dòng)詞詞形變化規(guī)律。
注意：動(dòng)詞形式既包括謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式，如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣 ( 直陳、虛擬 ) 等，虛擬語氣為重點(diǎn)，幾年來的考題中都有這方面內(nèi)容;也包括非謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式。所以做動(dòng)詞的詞形變化時(shí)，首先要搞清楚它在句中是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，然后再作相應(yīng)的變化。
2. 認(rèn)真學(xué)好并熟悉課文。 本題所選用的句子是根據(jù)教材中出現(xiàn)的句子編寫的，其中多數(shù)來自課文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。
3. 認(rèn)真鉆研相關(guān)的語法講解： 主要指謂語動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、虛擬語氣、形容詞比較級(jí)、高級(jí)等部分。 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞是考試的重點(diǎn)。主要包括：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞。
1) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)：重點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)、完成時(shí)
Seeing violence one television or reading about it in the newspapers every day ______ (make) us tolerate crime more than we should.
They used to ______(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day at that time.
Some people think relations between people _______(deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.(02\10 have deteriorated)
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______(happen) to her.(02\10 had happened)
Some proverbs ______(be) in the language for 1，000 years， for example， “ A friend in need is a friend indeed. ”
In the past two decades ， research ______(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dre
2) 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)：主要掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)式
The nations that _______actively ________(involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan ， Russia ， and the United States.(are involved)
3) 動(dòng)詞的語氣：
A. 掌握非真實(shí)條件句中，謂語動(dòng)詞在主句和條件句中的虛擬語氣形式。
If you had come earlier， you ______ (not miss) the first act of the play.
If it hadn ‘ t been for your help， we _____(be) in real trouble.
B. 在表示建議、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“緊迫性”等含義的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，由“動(dòng)詞原形”或“ should + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。
I would recommend that you _______(think) about doing something similar for yourself. 02\10
They demanded that the right to vote ______( give ) to every adult person.
C. 動(dòng)詞 wish 、 would rather (sooner) 、 if only 、 as if 后的虛擬語氣。
I would rather he _____(buy) the house next year. 00\4
She treats me as if I ______ (be) a stranger. 02\10
The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____( meet) them before. 01\4 had met
If only we ______(have) a phone! I ‘ m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.
D. in case， for fear that， lest 等詞后從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為 (should) + 原形。
He took his umbrella with him lest it _______rain.
E. 在 It is (high) time that 從句中謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)。
It ‘ s high time that we _______(take) firm measures to protect our environment. F. 時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜條件句。
4) 動(dòng)詞的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式：
A. 動(dòng)詞不定式 ：主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式作定語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等的用法。還要注意動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式與完成式。
不定式作定語： If there is no choice， there is no decision ______(make)
不定式作賓語： Robots， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning ________(see)。(to be seen)
It has been proved that their best ideas seem _____(occur) when they were relaxing.
不定式作賓補(bǔ)： They were often compelled ______(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.
B. 分詞：主要考查分詞作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。注意現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別。 另外，還有現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式與完成式的形式。
分詞作定語： Anyone ______(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals _____(use) in experiments may decrease.
An organization is a group of people， and a decision ______(make) today may have consequences far into the future.
分詞作狀語： When ______(present) with a common case， sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems.
________ (tell) that some guests were coming， she shopped all morning in the supermarket. (01\10 having been told)。
Her body， with hands and feet _______(bind)， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. bound
分詞做賓補(bǔ)： They may have their passports ______(remove)， making leaving or “ escaping ” actually impossible.
動(dòng)名詞作賓語 ： If you cannot understand， ask： “ Would you mind ______(rephrase) the question， please ? ”
If we don ‘ t start out now， we must risk ______(miss) the train.
形容詞副詞 ：
The more time you waste， the _____(easy) it is to continue wasting time.(Easier)
We know that we are getting even older， and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the ______ its population is likely to be.
The ______(far) away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes.
As Jane was the _____(old)， she looked after the other children in the family.02\10 (eldest )
詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 ：
The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____(trick)situation.
These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____(specialize) in its function.
一、題解
本題共 10 分，一共 20 個(gè)單詞，每個(gè)單詞 0.5 分，填錯(cuò)(或少寫、漏寫)字母不給分。本題主要考察書中出現(xiàn)的常用詞。
二、應(yīng)試技巧
熟練掌握單詞拼寫是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基本功。為幫助同學(xué)們做好這道題，特提復(fù)習(xí)建議如下：
1 .熟練掌握構(gòu)詞法。通過掌握構(gòu)詞法，可以減輕記憶的負(fù)擔(dān)，增強(qiáng)記憶的效果;要通過構(gòu)詞法的知識(shí)來分析每個(gè)生詞的構(gòu)成，可以加深印象，溫故知新。
2. 單詞學(xué)習(xí)以理解為基礎(chǔ)。既要掌握單詞拼寫，又要了解詞義、詞性。重要的是結(jié)合課文和典型的例句來學(xué)習(xí)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)生詞的理解和記憶。
3. 記憶單詞要日積月累。學(xué)完一課，要掌握一課的單詞。同時(shí)，根據(jù)遺忘規(guī)律，及時(shí)鞏固、復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的單詞，保持長久的記憶。
V. 詞形變化填空題 (word Form)
一、題解
這個(gè)題型主要考查動(dòng)詞的形態(tài)變化，也就是說，根據(jù)句子的實(shí)際情況將動(dòng)詞的原形變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问?。還包括少量的試題考查形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或高級(jí)的形式變 化，尤為重要的是幾個(gè)不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞。還可能考查名詞和代詞的詞形變化，名詞主要考查變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則、不規(guī)則變化;代詞有人稱、性、數(shù)和格的變 化，如何變化，要看代詞所代替的名詞的性質(zhì)及該代詞在句中擔(dān)任的成分而定。
二、應(yīng)試技巧
1 .熟練掌握動(dòng)詞詞形變化規(guī)律。
注意：動(dòng)詞形式既包括謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式，如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣 ( 直陳、虛擬 ) 等，虛擬語氣為重點(diǎn)，幾年來的考題中都有這方面內(nèi)容;也包括非謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式。所以做動(dòng)詞的詞形變化時(shí)，首先要搞清楚它在句中是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，然后再作相應(yīng)的變化。
2. 認(rèn)真學(xué)好并熟悉課文。 本題所選用的句子是根據(jù)教材中出現(xiàn)的句子編寫的，其中多數(shù)來自課文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。
3. 認(rèn)真鉆研相關(guān)的語法講解： 主要指謂語動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、虛擬語氣、形容詞比較級(jí)、高級(jí)等部分。 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞是考試的重點(diǎn)。主要包括：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞。
1) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)：重點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)、完成時(shí)
Seeing violence one television or reading about it in the newspapers every day ______ (make) us tolerate crime more than we should.
They used to ______(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day at that time.
Some people think relations between people _______(deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.(02\10 have deteriorated)
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______(happen) to her.(02\10 had happened)
Some proverbs ______(be) in the language for 1，000 years， for example， “ A friend in need is a friend indeed. ”
In the past two decades ， research ______(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dre
2) 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)：主要掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)式
The nations that _______actively ________(involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan ， Russia ， and the United States.(are involved)
3) 動(dòng)詞的語氣：
A. 掌握非真實(shí)條件句中，謂語動(dòng)詞在主句和條件句中的虛擬語氣形式。
If you had come earlier， you ______ (not miss) the first act of the play.
If it hadn ‘ t been for your help， we _____(be) in real trouble.
B. 在表示建議、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“緊迫性”等含義的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，由“動(dòng)詞原形”或“ should + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。
I would recommend that you _______(think) about doing something similar for yourself. 02\10
They demanded that the right to vote ______( give ) to every adult person.
C. 動(dòng)詞 wish 、 would rather (sooner) 、 if only 、 as if 后的虛擬語氣。
I would rather he _____(buy) the house next year. 00\4
She treats me as if I ______ (be) a stranger. 02\10
The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____( meet) them before. 01\4 had met
If only we ______(have) a phone! I ‘ m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.
D. in case， for fear that， lest 等詞后從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為 (should) + 原形。
He took his umbrella with him lest it _______rain.
E. 在 It is (high) time that 從句中謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)。
It ‘ s high time that we _______(take) firm measures to protect our environment. F. 時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜條件句。
4) 動(dòng)詞的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式：
A. 動(dòng)詞不定式 ：主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式作定語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等的用法。還要注意動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式與完成式。
不定式作定語： If there is no choice， there is no decision ______(make)
不定式作賓語： Robots， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning ________(see)。(to be seen)
It has been proved that their best ideas seem _____(occur) when they were relaxing.
不定式作賓補(bǔ)： They were often compelled ______(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.
B. 分詞：主要考查分詞作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。注意現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別。 另外，還有現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式與完成式的形式。
分詞作定語： Anyone ______(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals _____(use) in experiments may decrease.
An organization is a group of people， and a decision ______(make) today may have consequences far into the future.
分詞作狀語： When ______(present) with a common case， sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems.
________ (tell) that some guests were coming， she shopped all morning in the supermarket. (01\10 having been told)。
Her body， with hands and feet _______(bind)， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. bound
分詞做賓補(bǔ)： They may have their passports ______(remove)， making leaving or “ escaping ” actually impossible.
動(dòng)名詞作賓語 ： If you cannot understand， ask： “ Would you mind ______(rephrase) the question， please ? ”
If we don ‘ t start out now， we must risk ______(miss) the train.
形容詞副詞 ：
The more time you waste， the _____(easy) it is to continue wasting time.(Easier)
We know that we are getting even older， and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the ______ its population is likely to be.
The ______(far) away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes.
As Jane was the _____(old)， she looked after the other children in the family.02\10 (eldest )
詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 ：
The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____(trick)situation.
These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____(specialize) in its function.