2000 Passage 3
7. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
「譯文」 當(dāng)一場(chǎng)新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)形成某種時(shí)尚時(shí)，理應(yīng)弄清其倡導(dǎo)者的目標(biāo)所在，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論他們的準(zhǔn)則在今天看來(lái)是多么牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)、不可思議，將來(lái)都有可能被視為正常的。
「析句」 該句是一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的并列句，主句和從句都是復(fù)合句。主句（When… it is advisable… aiming at）表示結(jié)果，從句（for… as normal）表示原因。
「講詞」 attain原意為“達(dá)到，獲得”。When Christians first attained to power in Rome, they took part in wars both defensive and aggressive.（當(dāng)基督教徒首次在羅馬取得權(quán)力之后，他們參與了進(jìn)攻與防御戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。）Schubert never attained the recognition that he deserved during his lifetime.（舒伯特生前從沒(méi)有獲得他應(yīng)有的認(rèn)可。）句中attains a certain fashion意為gains recognition as a certain fashion，即獲得認(rèn)可而成為某種時(shí)尚。
farfetched意為“牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)的，不可能的”。Looking at some of the criticisms we've gotten so far,I dont think this is farfetched.（看看我們征集到的某些批評(píng)意見(jiàn)，我認(rèn)為這一條意見(jiàn)并不牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)。）
8. With regard to Futurist poetry,however,the case is rather difficult,for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.
「譯文」 然而，就未來(lái)派詩(shī)歌而言，情況卻相當(dāng)不同，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論未來(lái)派詩(shī)歌為何物——即使承認(rèn)其理論根據(jù)也許是正確的，它也很難被稱之為文學(xué)。
「析句」 該句也是一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的并列句。however是插入語(yǔ)，表示此句與上一句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。With regard to Futurist poetry作狀語(yǔ)。the case is rather difficult是主句，表示結(jié)果。for之后的句子成分表示原因，其主干結(jié)構(gòu)為it can hardly be classed as Literature，it指Futurist poetry.而破折號(hào)之間的成分則是插入語(yǔ)，on which it is based是the theory的定語(yǔ)從句。
「講詞」 classify意為“分類,分等”，例如：classify books by subjects（按學(xué)科將圖書(shū)分類）。The water of the beach is clean and it is classified as a Grade 1 beach.（沙灘的海水很干凈，因而這里被定為一級(jí)沙灘。）The plane crash was classified by the government as an act of terrorism.（政府把這起飛機(jī)失事確定為恐怖主義事件。）
9. This,in brief,is what the Futurist says: for a century,past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up,till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently,our feelings,thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change.
「譯文」 簡(jiǎn)而言之，未來(lái)派詩(shī)人宣稱：一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，過(guò)去的生活狀況一直在有條件地發(fā)生急劇變化，結(jié)果到了現(xiàn)在我們生活在一個(gè)充斥著喧囂、暴力和快節(jié)奏的世界之中。因此，我們的感情、思想和情緒都經(jīng)歷了相應(yīng)的變化。
「析句」 在第一句中，從句what the Futurist says作賓語(yǔ)，冒號(hào)之后的成分作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。
「講詞」 speed up意為“加速”。We need to speed up our economic development.（我們需要加速經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。）In the past few years,China and India have sped up their talks on border disputes.（在過(guò)去幾年，中國(guó)和印度加快了有關(guān)邊境爭(zhēng)端的會(huì)談。）
corresponding意為“相應(yīng)的”，例如：All rights carry with them corresponding responsibilities.（所有的權(quán)利都帶有相應(yīng)的義務(wù)。）This paper intends to discuss China's social security and the corresponding policy.（這篇論文意圖討論中國(guó)的社會(huì)保障及其相關(guān)政策。）
10. We must pour out a large stream of essential words,unhampered by stops,or qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs.
「譯文」 我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號(hào)、修飾性形容詞及限定動(dòng)詞的羈絆。
「析句」 該句中主句為We must pour out a large stream of essential words，而 unhampered by stops,or qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs是過(guò)去分詞引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。注意or連接的qualifying adjectives和finite verbs與stops并列，而不與 a large stream of essential words并列。
「講詞」 unhampered在句中是過(guò)去分詞，表示“不受束縛，不受阻礙”。This policy intends to keep investments unhampered.（制定這一政策的目的是排除對(duì)投資的干擾。）
qualify意為“（使）有資格；限制……的意義，修飾”。a qualifying watch資格賽，入圍賽。Adjectives qualify nouns.（形容詞修飾名詞。）
pour out表示“大量涌出；倒出；傾訴”。I poured out all my alcohol and threw away all my drugs. I've been sober ever since.（我倒掉了我所有的烈性酒，扔掉了我所有的毒品。從此之后，我滴酒不沾，一點(diǎn)毒品也不碰。）As the lark poured out her melody clearer and stronger, he fell into a graver and profounder silence.（云雀的歌聲越來(lái)越清脆，越來(lái)越有力，而他則越發(fā)變得莊重，越發(fā)變得沉默。）
11. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms.”
「譯文」 但是有一行詩(shī)看了注解才明白詩(shī)的內(nèi)容，這一點(diǎn)實(shí)在讓人感到有些不安。詩(shī)中描寫(xiě)一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在一座橋上搏斗，兩人都從橋上掉進(jìn)水中——這一行詩(shī)僅僅描寫(xiě)了他們的落水聲和體重：“撲通！撲通！185公斤。”
「析句」 it是全句的形式主語(yǔ)，實(shí)際主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)并列成分（to read…和and then to find…）。注意read的賓語(yǔ)是that a certain line… into the river，而in the explanatory notes作狀語(yǔ)。find后接一個(gè)that從句作賓語(yǔ)，冒號(hào)后面引號(hào)中間的成分是the line的同位語(yǔ)。
「講詞」 line除了表示“線，線條；路線；航線”等以外，還可以指“（詩(shī)）行，臺(tái)詞”。For a time he believed that he would not make a good actor as he could not deliver his lines.（有一段時(shí)間，他以為自己不會(huì)成為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的演員，因?yàn)樗洸蛔∨_(tái)詞。）
12. All the same,no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression.
「譯文」 實(shí)際上，沒(méi)有一個(gè)善于思考的人會(huì)拒絕接受他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：即情感生活的巨大變化要求表達(dá)方式也隨之變化。
「析句」 句中their指代上文的Furturist（未來(lái)派詩(shī)人）。that從句是proposition的同位語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明了其內(nèi)容。注意句中的雙重否定：no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition沒(méi)有一個(gè)有思想的人能否決他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，也就是“幾乎人人都會(huì)接受他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)”。
「講詞」 proposition意為“提議，建議”，與proposal的意思差不多，但是 proposition還可以表示“命題”。This proposition is misleading about how teachers jobs work.（這一提議對(duì)老師的工作有誤導(dǎo)的成分。）
call for意為“要求；呼吁；為……叫喊；適合”。The government called for patience in the wake of Hurricane Katrina.（在發(fā)生卡特里娜颶風(fēng)之后，政府呼吁人民要有耐心。）This news calls for champagne.（這個(gè)消息值得開(kāi)香檳酒慶祝。）
7. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
「譯文」 當(dāng)一場(chǎng)新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)形成某種時(shí)尚時(shí)，理應(yīng)弄清其倡導(dǎo)者的目標(biāo)所在，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論他們的準(zhǔn)則在今天看來(lái)是多么牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)、不可思議，將來(lái)都有可能被視為正常的。
「析句」 該句是一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的并列句，主句和從句都是復(fù)合句。主句（When… it is advisable… aiming at）表示結(jié)果，從句（for… as normal）表示原因。
「講詞」 attain原意為“達(dá)到，獲得”。When Christians first attained to power in Rome, they took part in wars both defensive and aggressive.（當(dāng)基督教徒首次在羅馬取得權(quán)力之后，他們參與了進(jìn)攻與防御戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。）Schubert never attained the recognition that he deserved during his lifetime.（舒伯特生前從沒(méi)有獲得他應(yīng)有的認(rèn)可。）句中attains a certain fashion意為gains recognition as a certain fashion，即獲得認(rèn)可而成為某種時(shí)尚。
farfetched意為“牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)的，不可能的”。Looking at some of the criticisms we've gotten so far,I dont think this is farfetched.（看看我們征集到的某些批評(píng)意見(jiàn)，我認(rèn)為這一條意見(jiàn)并不牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)。）
8. With regard to Futurist poetry,however,the case is rather difficult,for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.
「譯文」 然而，就未來(lái)派詩(shī)歌而言，情況卻相當(dāng)不同，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論未來(lái)派詩(shī)歌為何物——即使承認(rèn)其理論根據(jù)也許是正確的，它也很難被稱之為文學(xué)。
「析句」 該句也是一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的并列句。however是插入語(yǔ)，表示此句與上一句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。With regard to Futurist poetry作狀語(yǔ)。the case is rather difficult是主句，表示結(jié)果。for之后的句子成分表示原因，其主干結(jié)構(gòu)為it can hardly be classed as Literature，it指Futurist poetry.而破折號(hào)之間的成分則是插入語(yǔ)，on which it is based是the theory的定語(yǔ)從句。
「講詞」 classify意為“分類,分等”，例如：classify books by subjects（按學(xué)科將圖書(shū)分類）。The water of the beach is clean and it is classified as a Grade 1 beach.（沙灘的海水很干凈，因而這里被定為一級(jí)沙灘。）The plane crash was classified by the government as an act of terrorism.（政府把這起飛機(jī)失事確定為恐怖主義事件。）
9. This,in brief,is what the Futurist says: for a century,past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up,till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently,our feelings,thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change.
「譯文」 簡(jiǎn)而言之，未來(lái)派詩(shī)人宣稱：一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，過(guò)去的生活狀況一直在有條件地發(fā)生急劇變化，結(jié)果到了現(xiàn)在我們生活在一個(gè)充斥著喧囂、暴力和快節(jié)奏的世界之中。因此，我們的感情、思想和情緒都經(jīng)歷了相應(yīng)的變化。
「析句」 在第一句中，從句what the Futurist says作賓語(yǔ)，冒號(hào)之后的成分作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。
「講詞」 speed up意為“加速”。We need to speed up our economic development.（我們需要加速經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。）In the past few years,China and India have sped up their talks on border disputes.（在過(guò)去幾年，中國(guó)和印度加快了有關(guān)邊境爭(zhēng)端的會(huì)談。）
corresponding意為“相應(yīng)的”，例如：All rights carry with them corresponding responsibilities.（所有的權(quán)利都帶有相應(yīng)的義務(wù)。）This paper intends to discuss China's social security and the corresponding policy.（這篇論文意圖討論中國(guó)的社會(huì)保障及其相關(guān)政策。）
10. We must pour out a large stream of essential words,unhampered by stops,or qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs.
「譯文」 我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號(hào)、修飾性形容詞及限定動(dòng)詞的羈絆。
「析句」 該句中主句為We must pour out a large stream of essential words，而 unhampered by stops,or qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs是過(guò)去分詞引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。注意or連接的qualifying adjectives和finite verbs與stops并列，而不與 a large stream of essential words并列。
「講詞」 unhampered在句中是過(guò)去分詞，表示“不受束縛，不受阻礙”。This policy intends to keep investments unhampered.（制定這一政策的目的是排除對(duì)投資的干擾。）
qualify意為“（使）有資格；限制……的意義，修飾”。a qualifying watch資格賽，入圍賽。Adjectives qualify nouns.（形容詞修飾名詞。）
pour out表示“大量涌出；倒出；傾訴”。I poured out all my alcohol and threw away all my drugs. I've been sober ever since.（我倒掉了我所有的烈性酒，扔掉了我所有的毒品。從此之后，我滴酒不沾，一點(diǎn)毒品也不碰。）As the lark poured out her melody clearer and stronger, he fell into a graver and profounder silence.（云雀的歌聲越來(lái)越清脆，越來(lái)越有力，而他則越發(fā)變得莊重，越發(fā)變得沉默。）
11. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms.”
「譯文」 但是有一行詩(shī)看了注解才明白詩(shī)的內(nèi)容，這一點(diǎn)實(shí)在讓人感到有些不安。詩(shī)中描寫(xiě)一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在一座橋上搏斗，兩人都從橋上掉進(jìn)水中——這一行詩(shī)僅僅描寫(xiě)了他們的落水聲和體重：“撲通！撲通！185公斤。”
「析句」 it是全句的形式主語(yǔ)，實(shí)際主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)并列成分（to read…和and then to find…）。注意read的賓語(yǔ)是that a certain line… into the river，而in the explanatory notes作狀語(yǔ)。find后接一個(gè)that從句作賓語(yǔ)，冒號(hào)后面引號(hào)中間的成分是the line的同位語(yǔ)。
「講詞」 line除了表示“線，線條；路線；航線”等以外，還可以指“（詩(shī)）行，臺(tái)詞”。For a time he believed that he would not make a good actor as he could not deliver his lines.（有一段時(shí)間，他以為自己不會(huì)成為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的演員，因?yàn)樗洸蛔∨_(tái)詞。）
12. All the same,no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression.
「譯文」 實(shí)際上，沒(méi)有一個(gè)善于思考的人會(huì)拒絕接受他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：即情感生活的巨大變化要求表達(dá)方式也隨之變化。
「析句」 句中their指代上文的Furturist（未來(lái)派詩(shī)人）。that從句是proposition的同位語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明了其內(nèi)容。注意句中的雙重否定：no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition沒(méi)有一個(gè)有思想的人能否決他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，也就是“幾乎人人都會(huì)接受他們的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)”。
「講詞」 proposition意為“提議，建議”，與proposal的意思差不多，但是 proposition還可以表示“命題”。This proposition is misleading about how teachers jobs work.（這一提議對(duì)老師的工作有誤導(dǎo)的成分。）
call for意為“要求；呼吁；為……叫喊；適合”。The government called for patience in the wake of Hurricane Katrina.（在發(fā)生卡特里娜颶風(fēng)之后，政府呼吁人民要有耐心。）This news calls for champagne.（這個(gè)消息值得開(kāi)香檳酒慶祝。）