本課您將學(xué)到：down-to-earth（實(shí)際的），also known as句型，once解析
James Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The Americans are almost ignorant of（在……方面無(wú)知） the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans——even those without a musical bone in their bodies——have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical（古典的） and folk（鄉(xiāng)村的） music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."
Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated（發(fā)源） among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and life's hardships. Guitars, banjos（五弦琴） and violins——also known as fiddles——give country music its characteristic（特有的） sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee——Music City U.S.A. Country music even has its own theme park（主題公園） called "Opryland" where you can enjoy music shows and fun rides. "The Grand Ole Opry," the oldest radio show in the United States, broadcasts country music live（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的，實(shí)況的） from Opryland every weekend.
「讀書筆記」
一位美國(guó)早期的作家柯柏（James Fenimore Cooper）曾說(shuō)：“美國(guó)人對(duì)音樂(lè)藝術(shù)幾乎可以說(shuō)是相當(dāng)?shù)臒o(wú)知?！保═he Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music）如果這話曾經(jīng)是事實(shí)，今***絕不會(huì)這么認(rèn)為了。大部份的美國(guó)人，甚至包括那些沒(méi)有音樂(lè)細(xì)胞的人，（even those without a musical bone in their bodies）都有自己喜愛(ài)的音樂(lè)型態(tài)。許多人喜歡世界各國(guó)的古典音樂(lè)和民俗音樂(lè)，（classical and folk music from around the world）然而美國(guó)其它的流行音樂(lè)則是“美國(guó)制造”。（other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."）
鄉(xiāng)村和西部音樂(lè)深得很多美國(guó)人的人心，（lies close to the heart of many Americans）這種型態(tài)的音樂(lè)起源于美國(guó)南部和西部的鄉(xiāng)村小民們。（This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States）鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)傳述著真實(shí)不加渲染的愛(ài)情故事和生活中的艱難。（tells down-to-earth stories about love and life's hardships）吉他、五弦琴和小提琴（violin又名fiddle）可彈奏出鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的特殊音色。鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的發(fā)源地（The home of country music）是田納西州的納許維爾市——美國(guó)的音樂(lè)城市。而鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)甚至還有它自己的主題樂(lè)園（theme park）——Opryland呢！在那兒你可以享受音樂(lè)表演以及好玩的游樂(lè)設(shè)施。（music shows and fun rides）美國(guó)老牌的廣播節(jié)目“The Grand Ole Opry”每個(gè)周末都實(shí)況播放Opryland的音樂(lè)。（broadcasts country music live from Opryland）
Down-to-earth這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)，從字面上看是“返回地球”的意思，從幻想的空間回到真實(shí)的土地，也就可以理解為“腳踏實(shí)地的”意思，對(duì)嗎？來(lái)看看例子：
Her ideas to the boutique are always very down-to-earth.
她對(duì)于這個(gè)精品店的設(shè)想總是很切合實(shí)際。
The committee's plans for the village are anything but down-to-earth.
委員會(huì)對(duì)該村所做的計(jì)劃一點(diǎn)也不切合實(shí)際。
「句型留言板」
今天的句型是also known as“也被稱作……”
許多事物都有不只一個(gè)名稱，所以這個(gè)句型會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，來(lái)看兩個(gè)例子：
Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as “Harvest Festival”, which is one of the most well known Chinese Festival.
中秋節(jié)，也被稱為是收獲的節(jié)日。是我國(guó)為重要的節(jié)日之一。
Chinese New Year, also known as Chun Jie （"Spring Festival） in Mandarin, is the biggest and most celebrated holiday in the majority of Asian countries （except Japan）.
中國(guó)新年，中國(guó)話叫“春節(jié)”，是大部分亞洲國(guó)家盛大的節(jié)日。（日本除外）
「語(yǔ)法小教室」
Once這個(gè)詞，意思很多，用途廣泛，今天的語(yǔ)法教室要給大家介紹常見(jiàn)的用法。
它可以表示“”，也就是說(shuō)if something happens once, it happens only one time.看看例子：
I've been out with him once, that's all.
我只和他出去過(guò)，就這樣。
I have never forgotten her, though I saw her only once.
我只見(jiàn)過(guò)她，卻從沒(méi)忘記過(guò)她。
在表示“”的時(shí)候，once通常放在句尾。
今天的文章里，用到的once意思是something happened in the past，但時(shí)間上不確定。比如：
I once investigated this story and it seems to be wholly untrue.
我曾調(diào)查過(guò)這個(gè)傳聞，看來(lái)它似乎一點(diǎn)都不真實(shí)。
這時(shí)，once通常放在動(dòng)詞前面，或者句首。
有時(shí)候，有些曾經(jīng)是“事實(shí)”的情況現(xiàn)在發(fā)生了變化，也用once來(lái)表達(dá)，比如：
He had once been a big star but now he was finished.
他曾是個(gè)大明星，但現(xiàn)在完蛋了。
這時(shí)，once放在be或助詞后面，有時(shí)還放在句尾。
講了這么多，下面來(lái)做點(diǎn)練習(xí)，請(qǐng)你試著翻譯句中的once：
1.These carvings were once brightly colored.
2.This is kind of thing certainly, but only once in the lifetime.
3.There was once a great actor who could no longer remember his lines.
4.He once knew her, but they are no longer friends.
公布答案：
1、3句中的once，意思是“曾經(jīng)是但現(xiàn)在不是”。
2句，once表示“”。
4句，once指不確定的“過(guò)去”，也就是“曾經(jīng)”。
你做對(duì)了嗎？
補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，once這個(gè)詞，絕對(duì)不可以表達(dá)未來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情，比如要表達(dá)“以后，我會(huì)給你表演的機(jī)會(huì)”，就絕對(duì)不能說(shuō)I'll give you a chance to act once in the future.（呵呵，這是純正的chinglish，老外聽(tīng)不懂的。）
英語(yǔ)里，我們用one day表示“久遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)”或者sometime表示“即將到來(lái)的未來(lái)”。來(lái)看兩個(gè)例子：
One day, you'll be very glad we stopped you.
總有一天，你會(huì)為我們阻止了你而高興。
I'll give you a call sometime.
過(guò)幾天，我打電話給你。
所以，上面那句話就可以改成：
I'll give you a chance to act sometime.
今天的節(jié)目就到這里，我們學(xué)了一個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)down-to-earth（實(shí)際的），掌握了also known as句型，還了解了once的常見(jiàn)用法。以后的節(jié)目中，還有更多關(guān)于美國(guó)的東東，歡迎大家屆時(shí)光臨。我們下次再見(jiàn)！
James Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The Americans are almost ignorant of（在……方面無(wú)知） the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans——even those without a musical bone in their bodies——have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical（古典的） and folk（鄉(xiāng)村的） music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."
Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated（發(fā)源） among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and life's hardships. Guitars, banjos（五弦琴） and violins——also known as fiddles——give country music its characteristic（特有的） sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee——Music City U.S.A. Country music even has its own theme park（主題公園） called "Opryland" where you can enjoy music shows and fun rides. "The Grand Ole Opry," the oldest radio show in the United States, broadcasts country music live（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的，實(shí)況的） from Opryland every weekend.
「讀書筆記」
一位美國(guó)早期的作家柯柏（James Fenimore Cooper）曾說(shuō)：“美國(guó)人對(duì)音樂(lè)藝術(shù)幾乎可以說(shuō)是相當(dāng)?shù)臒o(wú)知?！保═he Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music）如果這話曾經(jīng)是事實(shí)，今***絕不會(huì)這么認(rèn)為了。大部份的美國(guó)人，甚至包括那些沒(méi)有音樂(lè)細(xì)胞的人，（even those without a musical bone in their bodies）都有自己喜愛(ài)的音樂(lè)型態(tài)。許多人喜歡世界各國(guó)的古典音樂(lè)和民俗音樂(lè)，（classical and folk music from around the world）然而美國(guó)其它的流行音樂(lè)則是“美國(guó)制造”。（other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."）
鄉(xiāng)村和西部音樂(lè)深得很多美國(guó)人的人心，（lies close to the heart of many Americans）這種型態(tài)的音樂(lè)起源于美國(guó)南部和西部的鄉(xiāng)村小民們。（This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States）鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)傳述著真實(shí)不加渲染的愛(ài)情故事和生活中的艱難。（tells down-to-earth stories about love and life's hardships）吉他、五弦琴和小提琴（violin又名fiddle）可彈奏出鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的特殊音色。鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的發(fā)源地（The home of country music）是田納西州的納許維爾市——美國(guó)的音樂(lè)城市。而鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)甚至還有它自己的主題樂(lè)園（theme park）——Opryland呢！在那兒你可以享受音樂(lè)表演以及好玩的游樂(lè)設(shè)施。（music shows and fun rides）美國(guó)老牌的廣播節(jié)目“The Grand Ole Opry”每個(gè)周末都實(shí)況播放Opryland的音樂(lè)。（broadcasts country music live from Opryland）
Down-to-earth這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)，從字面上看是“返回地球”的意思，從幻想的空間回到真實(shí)的土地，也就可以理解為“腳踏實(shí)地的”意思，對(duì)嗎？來(lái)看看例子：
Her ideas to the boutique are always very down-to-earth.
她對(duì)于這個(gè)精品店的設(shè)想總是很切合實(shí)際。
The committee's plans for the village are anything but down-to-earth.
委員會(huì)對(duì)該村所做的計(jì)劃一點(diǎn)也不切合實(shí)際。
「句型留言板」
今天的句型是also known as“也被稱作……”
許多事物都有不只一個(gè)名稱，所以這個(gè)句型會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，來(lái)看兩個(gè)例子：
Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as “Harvest Festival”, which is one of the most well known Chinese Festival.
中秋節(jié)，也被稱為是收獲的節(jié)日。是我國(guó)為重要的節(jié)日之一。
Chinese New Year, also known as Chun Jie （"Spring Festival） in Mandarin, is the biggest and most celebrated holiday in the majority of Asian countries （except Japan）.
中國(guó)新年，中國(guó)話叫“春節(jié)”，是大部分亞洲國(guó)家盛大的節(jié)日。（日本除外）
「語(yǔ)法小教室」
Once這個(gè)詞，意思很多，用途廣泛，今天的語(yǔ)法教室要給大家介紹常見(jiàn)的用法。
它可以表示“”，也就是說(shuō)if something happens once, it happens only one time.看看例子：
I've been out with him once, that's all.
我只和他出去過(guò)，就這樣。
I have never forgotten her, though I saw her only once.
我只見(jiàn)過(guò)她，卻從沒(méi)忘記過(guò)她。
在表示“”的時(shí)候，once通常放在句尾。
今天的文章里，用到的once意思是something happened in the past，但時(shí)間上不確定。比如：
I once investigated this story and it seems to be wholly untrue.
我曾調(diào)查過(guò)這個(gè)傳聞，看來(lái)它似乎一點(diǎn)都不真實(shí)。
這時(shí)，once通常放在動(dòng)詞前面，或者句首。
有時(shí)候，有些曾經(jīng)是“事實(shí)”的情況現(xiàn)在發(fā)生了變化，也用once來(lái)表達(dá)，比如：
He had once been a big star but now he was finished.
他曾是個(gè)大明星，但現(xiàn)在完蛋了。
這時(shí)，once放在be或助詞后面，有時(shí)還放在句尾。
講了這么多，下面來(lái)做點(diǎn)練習(xí)，請(qǐng)你試著翻譯句中的once：
1.These carvings were once brightly colored.
2.This is kind of thing certainly, but only once in the lifetime.
3.There was once a great actor who could no longer remember his lines.
4.He once knew her, but they are no longer friends.
公布答案：
1、3句中的once，意思是“曾經(jīng)是但現(xiàn)在不是”。
2句，once表示“”。
4句，once指不確定的“過(guò)去”，也就是“曾經(jīng)”。
你做對(duì)了嗎？
補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，once這個(gè)詞，絕對(duì)不可以表達(dá)未來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情，比如要表達(dá)“以后，我會(huì)給你表演的機(jī)會(huì)”，就絕對(duì)不能說(shuō)I'll give you a chance to act once in the future.（呵呵，這是純正的chinglish，老外聽(tīng)不懂的。）
英語(yǔ)里，我們用one day表示“久遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)”或者sometime表示“即將到來(lái)的未來(lái)”。來(lái)看兩個(gè)例子：
One day, you'll be very glad we stopped you.
總有一天，你會(huì)為我們阻止了你而高興。
I'll give you a call sometime.
過(guò)幾天，我打電話給你。
所以，上面那句話就可以改成：
I'll give you a chance to act sometime.
今天的節(jié)目就到這里，我們學(xué)了一個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)down-to-earth（實(shí)際的），掌握了also known as句型，還了解了once的常見(jiàn)用法。以后的節(jié)目中，還有更多關(guān)于美國(guó)的東東，歡迎大家屆時(shí)光臨。我們下次再見(jiàn)！