charge accuse
都含"控告"、"譴責(zé)"的意思。
charge 指"因犯較大錯(cuò)誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行正式法律控訴",如:
The police are going to charge him with murder.
警察要控告他殺人。
accuse 指"當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé),不一定訴諸法庭",如:
They accused him of taking bribes.
他們指控他受賄
at one’s own charge(s)
自費(fèi),用自己的錢
bring a charge home to
證明(某人)有罪,判決(某人)有罪
bring a charge of sth. against sb.
指控某人犯……罪
lay a charge of sth. against sb.
指控某人犯……罪
give sb. charge over
委托某人照管;授權(quán)某人管理
give sb. charge of
委托某人照管;授權(quán)某人管理
give sb. in charge
把某人送交警察,把某人交警察看押
give sb. in charge to
把某人送交警察,把某人交警察看押
have (the) charge of
負(fù)責(zé)……,主管……
in charge
主管,負(fù)責(zé),掌管
在……管轄之下,由……照顧
在拘留中
in charge of
負(fù)全責(zé),經(jīng)管,照顧
在……掌管之下,由……經(jīng)管
in full charge
負(fù)責(zé);勇猛向前
in the charge of sb.
由某人負(fù)責(zé),由某人照料[管理]
lay sth. to sb.’s charge
指控某人犯某罪;把某事歸咎于某人
make a charge against
指控,非難
on a charge of
因……罪,因……嫌疑
on the charge of
因……罪,因……嫌疑
open to the charge of
有……之嫌,易受……的非難
prefer a charge against sb.
(對(duì)某人)提出控告
prefer a charge
(對(duì)某人)提出控告
put down to sb.’s charge
把……記在某人帳上
take charge
負(fù)責(zé)(照料,保管等);掌管,接辦
失去控制,出了毛病
take in charge
負(fù)責(zé)照料,引為己責(zé)
由警察拘留
take charge of
負(fù)責(zé),看管
under the charge of
在……看管[負(fù)責(zé)]之下
charge off
把……當(dāng)損耗處理,對(duì)……扣除損耗費(fèi)
歸因于……;認(rèn)為……是由于
charge oneself with
承擔(dān)(工作),接受(任務(wù))
charge (up)to
把……記入(帳冊(cè)等)
把……歸咎于
charge with
控告(某人)犯(某罪)
[通常用被動(dòng)態(tài)]給(槍、炮等)裝上(彈藥)
使承擔(dān)
state condition situation
都含"情況"的意思。
state 系常用詞,指"人或物存在或所處的狀態(tài)",但不著重于"這種狀態(tài)和具體原因或條件的關(guān)系",如:
He is in a good state.
他身體健康。
condition 指"由于一定的原因、條件或環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的特定情況",如:
His condition will not permit him to travel.
他的情況不允許他旅游。
situation 指"多種具體情況造 成的綜合狀態(tài)",常著重"這種狀態(tài)的影響或和處于該狀態(tài)的事物的關(guān)系",如:
We are in difficult situation.
我們處于困境。
clean cleanse
都含"使干凈" 的意思。
clean 系常用詞, 指"用各種方式將污垢、臟物等清除掉",如:clean the window 擦窗子。
cleanse指"使純凈"、"清洗",尤指"用清除劑或其他方法使清潔",也用于比喻中,如:cleanse the air in cities 將城市中的空氣凈化。
clean out
To rid of dirt,rubbish,or impurities.
掃除,清除去除塵土、垃圾或雜質(zhì)
To empty of contents or occupants.
使…空出去除內(nèi)容物或居住者
To drive or force out:
驅(qū)趕或強(qiáng)迫離開:
cleaned out the incompetent workers.
將不稱職的工人掃地出門
To deprive completely of money or material wealth:
洗劫剝奪全部的錢財(cái)或物質(zhì)財(cái)富:
The robbery cleaned us out.
強(qiáng)盜把我們洗劫一空
clean up
To make clean or orderly.
清理使清潔或有秩序
To make oneself clean,neat,or presentable.
整理儀容使自己清潔、整齊或體面
To dispose of;settle:
處理;安置:
cleaned up the unpaid bills.
付清未付的賬單
To make a large profit,often in a short period of time:
賺錢,發(fā)大財(cái)獲得巨大收益,通常指在很短一段時(shí)間內(nèi):
cleaned up during the bull market.
在牛市時(shí)獲得暴利
gather collect assemble muster
都含"收集","聚集"的意思。
gather 系常用詞,指"收集","聚集","集合在一起",如:
The clouds are gathering.
云在聚集。
collect 指"有計(jì)劃、有選擇地收集",如:
He collects stamps.
他集郵。
assemble 指"為某一特定目的而收集",如:
The dean assembled the students in the auditorium.
教務(wù)長(zhǎng)把學(xué)生集合在禮堂里。
muster 系正式用語(yǔ),特指"部隊(duì)召集"或"為檢閱、檢查而召集",如:
He mustered all his soldiers.
他把士兵召集在一起。
command order direct instruct
都含"命令"、"指揮"、"指示"的意思。
command 指"權(quán)威方面正式下令",如:The general commanded his men to attack the city. 將軍命令士兵攻城。
order 為常用詞,雖然有時(shí)指"權(quán)威人士或武斷地命令",但多用于"非正式或個(gè)人之間下的命令",如:His father ordered him to leave. 他父親叫他走開。
instruct的含意是"指示、命令、指導(dǎo)",屬正式用語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)"有系統(tǒng)地指導(dǎo)",如:She instructed him (in)how to do the experiment. 她指導(dǎo)他怎樣做這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
direct的含意是"指導(dǎo)、指揮、指示",多指"權(quán)威性地指導(dǎo)",如:Who directed that film?誰(shuí)導(dǎo)演了那部電影?
praise acclaim eulogize commend
都含"贊揚(yáng)"的意思,
praise 系常用詞,指"對(duì)某人或某物衷心地稱贊或欽佩",如:
praise one’s performance
贊揚(yáng)某人的行為,acclaim 指"歡呼"、"喝采",如:
acclaim the winner of a race
歡呼賽跑比賽中的獲勝者。
eulogize 指"口頭或書面地贊揚(yáng)或頌揚(yáng)",如:
eulogize heroes
頌揚(yáng)英雄。
commend 更正式,指"正式地稱贊或嘉許",如:
He commended them for their enthusiasm.
他稱贊他們的熱情。
common ordinary general
都含"普通的"意思。
common強(qiáng)調(diào)"常見的"、" 不足為奇的",如:Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常見。
ordinary強(qiáng)調(diào)"平常的"、"平淡無奇的",如:
His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不過是面包和牛奶。
general意為"普遍的"、"一般的",如:This book is intended for the general reader,not for the specialist. 這本書是為一般讀者寫的, 不是為專家寫的。
group,company,party,band,gang這組名詞表示"組"、"群"、"幫"或"伙".
group通用詞,可以表示"為一定目的組織起來的臨時(shí)小組",也可以表示"長(zhǎng)期的有組織的團(tuán)體"
The Greenwood Boys are a group of popular singers.
格林伍德歌手們是一群受人們歡迎的歌手。
company表示"臨時(shí)性的結(jié)伙",也表示"永久性的組織(這時(shí)漢譯為"公司"或"劇團(tuán)")
A company of travellers are (is)expected to arrive soon.
預(yù)計(jì)有一伙旅客不久便要到達(dá)。
It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging a sunken ship.
航運(yùn)公司為打撈沉船的費(fèi)用而提出要求,這并非奇聞。
party在表示一群人時(shí),通常指"為某一目的而聚集一起的臨時(shí)組織或聚會(huì)"
Armed with the new machine,a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure.
一個(gè)探測(cè)隊(duì)以這臺(tái)新的探寶器為裝備,進(jìn)了山洞,以期找到掩藏的財(cái)寶。
Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.
杰弗里。漢普頓交際很廣,在社交聚會(huì)上深受歡迎。
band表示"為一共同目的組織在一起的團(tuán)體",與含有隨便聚合一起的company 相比,band 包含"組織嚴(yán)密"的意思
Six hundred years ago,Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a hand of soldiers and settled near Florence.
六百年前,約翰。霍克伍德爵士率領(lǐng)一幫兵士來到意大利,并在佛羅倫薩附近駐扎下來。
gang指貶義的"幫"
He finds politics a dirty game,and only enters them reluctantly because he knows that at the very least he and his friends are better than the present gang.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)政治是一種骯臟的把戲,所以只是出于不得已才參與政治,這是因?yàn)樗溃钇鸫a他和自己的朋友們比這幫人要強(qiáng)得多。
Don’t get mixed with that gang;they spend too much time drinking and gambling.
不要和那一伙人為伍,他們?cè)诤染婆c賭博上花的時(shí)間太多了
group band company party gang faction
都含"集合在一起的人或動(dòng)物"的意思。
group 指"以任何目的結(jié)合在一起、或自然上有聯(lián)系的一群人或動(dòng)物",如:
a group of students
一群學(xué)生。
band 指"為某一目的聚集在一起的人或高級(jí)動(dòng)物,通常有一頭領(lǐng)",如:
a band of thieves
一伙賊。
company 指"為某一目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
a company of travellers
一旅行團(tuán)。
party 指"以某一組織形式、為共同目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
He saw a party of schoolchildren getting off the bus.
他看見一群學(xué)生下汽車。
gang 指"一群以不良企圖或罪 惡目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
a gang of murders
一群殺人犯。
faction 指"政黨、宗教、政府內(nèi)部的宗派、小團(tuán)體",如:
a petty faction of people
小團(tuán)體的人。
Compare usually takes the preposition to when it refers to the activity of describing the resemblances between unlike things:
當(dāng)它涉及描述不同事物相似性的活動(dòng)時(shí),Compare常用介詞 to:
He compared her to a summer day.
他將她比為夏天。
Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer.It takes with when it refers to the act of examining two like things in order to discern their similarities or differences:
科學(xué)家有時(shí)將人腦比作電腦。當(dāng)涉及考察兩個(gè)相象的事物以辨別他們的相似或差別時(shí),它取with:
The police compared the forged signature with the original.
警察將偽造的簽名與原來的作比較。
The committee will have to compare the Senate’s version of the bill with the version that was passed by the House. When compare is used to mean 搕o liken (one)with another?with is traditionally held to be the
都含"控告"、"譴責(zé)"的意思。
charge 指"因犯較大錯(cuò)誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行正式法律控訴",如:
The police are going to charge him with murder.
警察要控告他殺人。
accuse 指"當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé),不一定訴諸法庭",如:
They accused him of taking bribes.
他們指控他受賄
at one’s own charge(s)
自費(fèi),用自己的錢
bring a charge home to
證明(某人)有罪,判決(某人)有罪
bring a charge of sth. against sb.
指控某人犯……罪
lay a charge of sth. against sb.
指控某人犯……罪
give sb. charge over
委托某人照管;授權(quán)某人管理
give sb. charge of
委托某人照管;授權(quán)某人管理
give sb. in charge
把某人送交警察,把某人交警察看押
give sb. in charge to
把某人送交警察,把某人交警察看押
have (the) charge of
負(fù)責(zé)……,主管……
in charge
主管,負(fù)責(zé),掌管
在……管轄之下,由……照顧
在拘留中
in charge of
負(fù)全責(zé),經(jīng)管,照顧
在……掌管之下,由……經(jīng)管
in full charge
負(fù)責(zé);勇猛向前
in the charge of sb.
由某人負(fù)責(zé),由某人照料[管理]
lay sth. to sb.’s charge
指控某人犯某罪;把某事歸咎于某人
make a charge against
指控,非難
on a charge of
因……罪,因……嫌疑
on the charge of
因……罪,因……嫌疑
open to the charge of
有……之嫌,易受……的非難
prefer a charge against sb.
(對(duì)某人)提出控告
prefer a charge
(對(duì)某人)提出控告
put down to sb.’s charge
把……記在某人帳上
take charge
負(fù)責(zé)(照料,保管等);掌管,接辦
失去控制,出了毛病
take in charge
負(fù)責(zé)照料,引為己責(zé)
由警察拘留
take charge of
負(fù)責(zé),看管
under the charge of
在……看管[負(fù)責(zé)]之下
charge off
把……當(dāng)損耗處理,對(duì)……扣除損耗費(fèi)
歸因于……;認(rèn)為……是由于
charge oneself with
承擔(dān)(工作),接受(任務(wù))
charge (up)to
把……記入(帳冊(cè)等)
把……歸咎于
charge with
控告(某人)犯(某罪)
[通常用被動(dòng)態(tài)]給(槍、炮等)裝上(彈藥)
使承擔(dān)
state condition situation
都含"情況"的意思。
state 系常用詞,指"人或物存在或所處的狀態(tài)",但不著重于"這種狀態(tài)和具體原因或條件的關(guān)系",如:
He is in a good state.
他身體健康。
condition 指"由于一定的原因、條件或環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的特定情況",如:
His condition will not permit him to travel.
他的情況不允許他旅游。
situation 指"多種具體情況造 成的綜合狀態(tài)",常著重"這種狀態(tài)的影響或和處于該狀態(tài)的事物的關(guān)系",如:
We are in difficult situation.
我們處于困境。
clean cleanse
都含"使干凈" 的意思。
clean 系常用詞, 指"用各種方式將污垢、臟物等清除掉",如:clean the window 擦窗子。
cleanse指"使純凈"、"清洗",尤指"用清除劑或其他方法使清潔",也用于比喻中,如:cleanse the air in cities 將城市中的空氣凈化。
clean out
To rid of dirt,rubbish,or impurities.
掃除,清除去除塵土、垃圾或雜質(zhì)
To empty of contents or occupants.
使…空出去除內(nèi)容物或居住者
To drive or force out:
驅(qū)趕或強(qiáng)迫離開:
cleaned out the incompetent workers.
將不稱職的工人掃地出門
To deprive completely of money or material wealth:
洗劫剝奪全部的錢財(cái)或物質(zhì)財(cái)富:
The robbery cleaned us out.
強(qiáng)盜把我們洗劫一空
clean up
To make clean or orderly.
清理使清潔或有秩序
To make oneself clean,neat,or presentable.
整理儀容使自己清潔、整齊或體面
To dispose of;settle:
處理;安置:
cleaned up the unpaid bills.
付清未付的賬單
To make a large profit,often in a short period of time:
賺錢,發(fā)大財(cái)獲得巨大收益,通常指在很短一段時(shí)間內(nèi):
cleaned up during the bull market.
在牛市時(shí)獲得暴利
gather collect assemble muster
都含"收集","聚集"的意思。
gather 系常用詞,指"收集","聚集","集合在一起",如:
The clouds are gathering.
云在聚集。
collect 指"有計(jì)劃、有選擇地收集",如:
He collects stamps.
他集郵。
assemble 指"為某一特定目的而收集",如:
The dean assembled the students in the auditorium.
教務(wù)長(zhǎng)把學(xué)生集合在禮堂里。
muster 系正式用語(yǔ),特指"部隊(duì)召集"或"為檢閱、檢查而召集",如:
He mustered all his soldiers.
他把士兵召集在一起。
command order direct instruct
都含"命令"、"指揮"、"指示"的意思。
command 指"權(quán)威方面正式下令",如:The general commanded his men to attack the city. 將軍命令士兵攻城。
order 為常用詞,雖然有時(shí)指"權(quán)威人士或武斷地命令",但多用于"非正式或個(gè)人之間下的命令",如:His father ordered him to leave. 他父親叫他走開。
instruct的含意是"指示、命令、指導(dǎo)",屬正式用語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)"有系統(tǒng)地指導(dǎo)",如:She instructed him (in)how to do the experiment. 她指導(dǎo)他怎樣做這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
direct的含意是"指導(dǎo)、指揮、指示",多指"權(quán)威性地指導(dǎo)",如:Who directed that film?誰(shuí)導(dǎo)演了那部電影?
praise acclaim eulogize commend
都含"贊揚(yáng)"的意思,
praise 系常用詞,指"對(duì)某人或某物衷心地稱贊或欽佩",如:
praise one’s performance
贊揚(yáng)某人的行為,acclaim 指"歡呼"、"喝采",如:
acclaim the winner of a race
歡呼賽跑比賽中的獲勝者。
eulogize 指"口頭或書面地贊揚(yáng)或頌揚(yáng)",如:
eulogize heroes
頌揚(yáng)英雄。
commend 更正式,指"正式地稱贊或嘉許",如:
He commended them for their enthusiasm.
他稱贊他們的熱情。
common ordinary general
都含"普通的"意思。
common強(qiáng)調(diào)"常見的"、" 不足為奇的",如:Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常見。
ordinary強(qiáng)調(diào)"平常的"、"平淡無奇的",如:
His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不過是面包和牛奶。
general意為"普遍的"、"一般的",如:This book is intended for the general reader,not for the specialist. 這本書是為一般讀者寫的, 不是為專家寫的。
group,company,party,band,gang這組名詞表示"組"、"群"、"幫"或"伙".
group通用詞,可以表示"為一定目的組織起來的臨時(shí)小組",也可以表示"長(zhǎng)期的有組織的團(tuán)體"
The Greenwood Boys are a group of popular singers.
格林伍德歌手們是一群受人們歡迎的歌手。
company表示"臨時(shí)性的結(jié)伙",也表示"永久性的組織(這時(shí)漢譯為"公司"或"劇團(tuán)")
A company of travellers are (is)expected to arrive soon.
預(yù)計(jì)有一伙旅客不久便要到達(dá)。
It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging a sunken ship.
航運(yùn)公司為打撈沉船的費(fèi)用而提出要求,這并非奇聞。
party在表示一群人時(shí),通常指"為某一目的而聚集一起的臨時(shí)組織或聚會(huì)"
Armed with the new machine,a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure.
一個(gè)探測(cè)隊(duì)以這臺(tái)新的探寶器為裝備,進(jìn)了山洞,以期找到掩藏的財(cái)寶。
Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.
杰弗里。漢普頓交際很廣,在社交聚會(huì)上深受歡迎。
band表示"為一共同目的組織在一起的團(tuán)體",與含有隨便聚合一起的company 相比,band 包含"組織嚴(yán)密"的意思
Six hundred years ago,Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a hand of soldiers and settled near Florence.
六百年前,約翰。霍克伍德爵士率領(lǐng)一幫兵士來到意大利,并在佛羅倫薩附近駐扎下來。
gang指貶義的"幫"
He finds politics a dirty game,and only enters them reluctantly because he knows that at the very least he and his friends are better than the present gang.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)政治是一種骯臟的把戲,所以只是出于不得已才參與政治,這是因?yàn)樗溃钇鸫a他和自己的朋友們比這幫人要強(qiáng)得多。
Don’t get mixed with that gang;they spend too much time drinking and gambling.
不要和那一伙人為伍,他們?cè)诤染婆c賭博上花的時(shí)間太多了
group band company party gang faction
都含"集合在一起的人或動(dòng)物"的意思。
group 指"以任何目的結(jié)合在一起、或自然上有聯(lián)系的一群人或動(dòng)物",如:
a group of students
一群學(xué)生。
band 指"為某一目的聚集在一起的人或高級(jí)動(dòng)物,通常有一頭領(lǐng)",如:
a band of thieves
一伙賊。
company 指"為某一目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
a company of travellers
一旅行團(tuán)。
party 指"以某一組織形式、為共同目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
He saw a party of schoolchildren getting off the bus.
他看見一群學(xué)生下汽車。
gang 指"一群以不良企圖或罪 惡目的而聚集在一起的人",如:
a gang of murders
一群殺人犯。
faction 指"政黨、宗教、政府內(nèi)部的宗派、小團(tuán)體",如:
a petty faction of people
小團(tuán)體的人。
Compare usually takes the preposition to when it refers to the activity of describing the resemblances between unlike things:
當(dāng)它涉及描述不同事物相似性的活動(dòng)時(shí),Compare常用介詞 to:
He compared her to a summer day.
他將她比為夏天。
Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer.It takes with when it refers to the act of examining two like things in order to discern their similarities or differences:
科學(xué)家有時(shí)將人腦比作電腦。當(dāng)涉及考察兩個(gè)相象的事物以辨別他們的相似或差別時(shí),它取with:
The police compared the forged signature with the original.
警察將偽造的簽名與原來的作比較。
The committee will have to compare the Senate’s version of the bill with the version that was passed by the House. When compare is used to mean 搕o liken (one)with another?with is traditionally held to be the